Transcript Internal Combustion V-8 Engine - Rutgers University School

Internal Combustion V-8 Engine
Team #3
Marco Mendoza
Carlos Diaz
Kevin Tevis
John Harrison
Wilfredo Rodriguez
Bill VanFossen
Otto cycle
 Adiabatic 4 step
process
Intake – piston moves downward, creating a vacuum which
forces the air fuel mixture into the cylinder.
Compression – Piston reaches bottom dead center and
the intake valve closes. Piston begins to move to top dead
center.
Power – piston reaches top dead center and spark plug
ignites air fuel mixture causing a combustion which forces
piston back down.
Exhaust – piston reaches bottom dead center, exhaust
valve opens, piston moves back to top dead center, forcing
exhaust out of cylinder.
V-8 Internal combustion engine
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Carbureted
Eight cylinders
16 valve push rod
Piston orientation 90 degree apart
Hemispherical combustion chamber
Single over head cam design (SOHC)
Advantages of V8
Disadvantages of V8
 Increased Horsepower due
to 8 combustion chambers.
 Increased torque due to
longer stroke
 Power conservation: Push
rod driven engines do not
deplete power as in the
belt driven designs.
 Less complex (SOHC
design)
 High packing efficiency
compared to inline engine
 Carburetor not as fuel
efficient as fuel injectors
 Heavy
 In comparison to other
valve trains, push rods are
not as efficient.
 More emissions
Cylinder Block assembly
 Typically cast from iron
or aluminum
 Encases crankshaft,
connecting rods,
pistons.
 Main structural
component of engine,
responsible for driving
flywheel and other
components of vehicle.
Crankshaft
 Comprised of eight
counterweights
 Converts vertical motion of
pistons to circular motion
of shaft, which drives the
flywheel and eventually the
wheels of the vehicle.
 Attached to the Flywheel
and the timing gear
 Connecting rod is fixed to
the crankshaft by the main
bearing cap.
Cylinder head
 Encases the camshaft, valves, pushrods, and rocker
assembly.
 Connected to the intake and exhaust manifold.
 Typically cast from iron or aluminum
 Together with the head gasket, a seal is formed that allows
for high compression
Valve train
 Composed of valves,
camshaft, rocker arms,
rocker shafts,
pushrods.
 Allows engine to
“breath” when in sync
with crankshaft rotation
(responsible for all
strokes).
Challenges
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Timing and firing order
32 valve/rocker/cam connections
Complex cylinder head design
Manufactured pieces inconsistent with model
(pieces didn’t fit together)
 Cheap plastic model
 Dimensions difficult to measure
 Model design inconsistent with actual V8 engine
design.
Working Assembly:
Possible Improvements
 Spring-less valve trains:
Friction losses and spring
forces can reduce engine
output up to 25%; possible
solutions are solenoids and
desmodromic valves.
 Fuel Injection system:
Produces more power than
carbureted engine. Also results
in better fuel efficiency and less
emissions.