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The Moon
Alabama Course of Study # 9
Describe the appearance and movement of Earth and
its moon.
Identifying
lunar and solar eclipses.
Identifying the waxing and waning of the moon in the night sky.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon
The moon is Earth’s only natural satellite.
http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/images/earthmo2.gif

The gravitational attraction generated by
the rotation of the Moon and Earth
around a common point is largely
responsible for the tides on Earth.

The Moon is the
only celestial body
to which humans
have traveled and
upon which humans
have landed.
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/thumbnail_pages/moon_thumbnails.html
The Moon is in synchronous
rotation, meaning that it
keeps nearly the same face
turned towards the Earth at
all times.
The far side of the Moon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon
The near side of the Moon
First images of the far side of the
Moon taken from Luna 3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon
The side of the Moon that
faces Earth is called the
near
side,
and
the
opposite side is the far
side. The far side should
not be confused with the
dark side, which is the
hemisphere that is not
being illuminated by the
Sun at a given moment.
The phases of the
moon are caused by
the relative positions
of the earth, sun, and
moon.
The moon
goes around the earth,
on average, in 27 days
7hours 43 minutes.
http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&aq
=t&ie=UTF-8&rls=DIUS,DIUS:200622,DIUS:en&q=phases+of+moon
In between, the
moon’s illuminated
surface appears to
grow (wax) to full,
then to decrease
(wanes) to the
next new moon.
http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=na
vclient&aq=t&ie=UTF8&rls=DIUS,DIUS:200622,DIUS:en&q=phases+of+moon
The sun always
illuminates the half
of the moon facing
the sun (except
during
lunar
eclipses, when the
moon passes thru
the
earth’s
shadow).
When
the sun and moon
are on opposite
sides of the earth,
the moon appears
“full” to us, a bright,
round disk.
http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/en/educators/images/moon/Moon_phases_all_L.jpg
When the moon is between the earth and
the sun, it appears dark, a “new” moon.
New Moon - The Moon's unilluminated
side is facing the Earth. The Moon is not
visible (except during a solar eclipse).
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/phases
_of_the_moon.htm
Waxing Crescent - The Moon appears to
be partly but less than one-half illuminated
by direct sunlight. The fraction of the
Moon's disk that is illuminated is
increasing.
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/phases_of_the_m
oon.htm
First Quarter - One-half of
the Moon appears to be
illuminated
by
direct
sunlight. The fraction of the
Moon's
disk
that
is
illuminated is increasing.
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/phases_of_the_moon.htm
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/pha
ses_of_the_moon.htm
Waxing Gibbous - The Moon
appears to be more than one-half
but not fully illuminated by direct
sunlight. The fraction of the
Moon's disk that is illuminated is
increasing.
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/phases_of_the_moo
n.htm
Full Moon - The Moon's
illuminated side is facing
the Earth. The Moon
appears to be completely
illuminated
by
direct
sunlight.
Waning Gibbous - The
Moon appears to be more
than one-half but not fully
illuminated by direct sunlight.
The fraction of the Moon's
disk that is illuminated is
decreasing.
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/phases_of_the_m
oon.htm
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/pha
ses_of_the_moon.htm
Last Quarter - One-half of
the Moon appears to be
illuminated by direct sunlight.
The fraction of the Moon's
disk that is illuminated is
decreasing.
http://www.k111.k12.il.us/KING/phases
_of_the_moon.htm
Waning Crescent - The Moon
appears to be partly but less
than one-half illuminated by
direct sunlight. The fraction of
the Moon's disk that is
illuminated is decreasing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_eclipse
Eclipses can occur only when the Sun,
Earth, and Moon are all in a straight line.
Because the Moon’s orbit around the Earth
is inclined by about 5 degrees with respect
to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun,
eclipses do not occur at every full and new
moon.
Solar eclipses can
occur near a new
moon, when the Moon
is between the Sun
and Earth.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_eclipse
Lunar eclipses can occur near a full moon,
when the Earth is between the Sun and
Moon.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_eclipse