Transcript Applying World Cup Soccer in Basic Statistics

Applying World Cup Soccer
(1930-1990) in Basic Statistics
Background
• Originated in 1930 and is played every four years
(most recently in 2010 when Spain beat the
Netherlands 1-0 for the Cup)
• The Cup was not played in 1942 or 1946 due to
World War II
• A host country automatically qualifies their team
for the Cup
• Between 1930 and 1990 two points were earned
for each World Cup Win and one point for each
World Cup Draw (since then three points are
earned for each World Cup Win)
Number of Points Earned in Men’s World Cup Soccer
for 20 leading countries between 1930 – 1990
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Scotland (14)
Chile (17)
Mexico (18)
Belgium (18)
Netherlands (22)
Austria (26)
Czechoslovakia (27) *
Sweden (28)
Poland (31)
Hungary (33)
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Spain (33)
Yugoslavia (35) *
France (35)
Soviet Union (36) *
Uruguay (38)
England (48)
Argentina (57)
Italy (74)
(West) Germany (93)*
Brazil (99)
Determination of Points
• Between 1930 and 1990, during regular World Cup
Play, two points were awarded per Win and one point
was awarded per Draw. No points were awarded for
Losses
• Example 1: Brazil’s Record Between 1930 and 1990:
44 Wins, 11 Draws, 11 Losses
• 44(2) + 11(1) + 11(0) = 88 + 11 + 0 = 99 points
• Example 2: Italy’s Record Between 1930 and 1990:
31 Wins, 12 Draws, 11 Losses
• 31(2) + 12(1) + 11(0) = 62 + 12 + 0 = 74 points
 All the more impressive since Italy did not compete in 1930
and did not qualify in 1958
First Statistical Implications
• The mean of the twenty teams is 39.1 points
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14  17  18  18  22  26  27  28  31  33  33  35  35  36  38  48  57  74  93  99
 39.1 pts
20
• The median (also the 50th Percentile) of the
twenty teams is 33 points
14,17,18,18,22,26,27,28,31, 33,33,35,35,36,38,48,57,74,93,99  33pts
• Because the mean > median, this implies that a
graph of the twenty observations would
show a RIGHT SKEW
World Cup Soccer Points Histogram
Frequency of Points Range
9
8
7
6
5
4
Frequency
3
2
1
0
11-30 Points 31-50 Points 51-70 Points 71-90 Points
91-110
Points
Five Number Summary For A Box and Whiskers
Plot (Right Skew Indicated Below)
• 14, 17, 18, 18, 22, 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 33, 35, 35, 36, 38, 48, 57, 74, 93, 99
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Minimum = 14
Lower Quartile = 24 (25th Percentile)
Median = 33 (50th Percentile)
Upper Quartile = 43 (75th Percentile)
Maximum = 99
14
24
33
43
99
Finding Outliers
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14, 17, 18, 18, 22, 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 33, 35, 35, 36, 38, 48, 57, 74, 93, 99
Definition: If ALL values fall between
Lower Quartile – 1.5(Inter Quartile Range) and
Upper Quartile + 1.5(Inter Quartile Range) then there are no outliers
Definition: Inter Quartile Range = Upper Quartile – Lower Quartile
Inter Quartile Range = 43 – 24 = 19
24 – 1.5(19) = -4.5
43 + 1.5(19) = 71.5
Three of the above values fall outside of the range -4.5 and 71.5, specifically
74, 93, and 99. These are called OUTLIERS and are represented by Italy, West
Germany, and Brazil respectively
“The English invented it, the Brazilians
perfected it”
• 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, and 2002 World Cup
Champions, more than any other country
• Edison "Edson" Arantes do Nascimento aka PELE
(1,281 goals in 1,363 games including winning the
1958, 1962, and 1970 Cups)
– Nearly quit after losing the 1966 Cup (England)
but changed his mind to return for the 1970 Cup.
He retired in July 1971
The Azzurri (The Blues)
• 1934, 1938, 1982, and 2006 World Cup Champions, the second best
Cup record behind Brazil
• Post 1938 World Cup victory the Italians did not win another major
soccer match until the 1968 European Championships
– 1949 plane crash in Torino, Italy killed 10 of the 11 expected
starters on the Italian National Team. It took years of rebuilding
after failing to make it out of the first round in 1950 and not
qualifying in 1958
– The 1968 match was significant in that the game (Italy versus
Yugoslavia) ended in a tie and this was before penalty kicks
(aka Shoot Out) broke the Draw.
– Result: The rules at the time stated they had to play another
match days after the first match ended in a Draw. Italy won the
replay 2-0
Did You Know…?
• Italy’s blue uniforms are “Azzuro Savoia” (Savoy
Blue), the color linked to the royal dynasty that
unified the country of Italy in 1861
• The 1982 World Cup Final has the greatest goal ever
scored in any World Soccer match (also shown in the
opening moments of ABC’s Wide World of Sports) by
Marco Tardelli
• The 2006 World Cup Final against France ended in
penalty kicks 5-3 and is known for the infamous
Zinedine Zidane head butt resulting in his red card
and prompt retirement
German National Soccer
• 1954, 1974, 1990 World Cup Champions (the third best Cup Final
Record behind Brazil and Italy)
– The 1954 Cup victory against Hungary (3-2) is considered a
major upset since Hungary was on a 32 game win streak going
into that Final. Hungarians today are still feeling the pain
– The 1974 Cup was won on home turf, despite a 1-0 loss in the
opening round to their fellow Group member… East Germany
(the eventual 1976 Gold Medalists in Soccer)
– The 1990 victory represented Germany’s third consecutive
appearance in the Final, (Italy in 1982; Argentina in 1986). Beat
Argentina in 1990 1-0 on an 85th minute penalty kick
Did You Know…?
• The German men’s team has more semi final appearances than any
other team including Brazil which won more Cups
• Reached at least the Quarterfinals of 10 Cups between 1930 and
1990
• Did not play in 1930 due to economic reasons stemming from The
Depression or 1950 due to the post World War Two ban
• The official re-unification of Germany following the fall of The Berlin
Wall did not occur until October 1990 which is why West Germany
was represented in the 1990 World Cup
• Germany has the distinction of having World Cup Champions for
both the men AND the women
– The German national women’s team won the 2007 Women’s World Cup 20 against Marta and the rest of the Brazilian squad, never giving up a goal
the entire tournament.
Marco Tardelli’s Goal
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7O0zIXDcf
HI
• 1:20
• The clip can also be seen in the opening of the
Wide World of Sports introduction (“the thrill
of victory and the agony of defeat”)