Transcript Japanese Growth

RISE OF JAPAN
1600S – 1920S
UNIT 6 LESSON 4
LAND OF THE RISING SUN
1600
• 1600s ruled by Shoguns
– supreme military
dictators
• Daimyo- landholding
warrior lords
• helped control Japan
• centralized feudalism
• Japan closed trade to
foreigners
• Nagasaki- open to Dutch
1600S JAPAN
ISOLATED ISLAND
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1600s-1800s – Japan isolated
financial troubles
Daiymo – losing money and status
Merchants gaining money; no power
peasants- heavy taxed
response: revive tradition
By 1800s shoguns weak leaders; corrupt
OPENING UP TO TRADE
• July 1853 – Commodore
Matthew Perry
• letter from Pres. Millard
Fillmore
• open up to us for trade!
• Show of force
• we had a giant navy, so
Japan could not really
refuse
• 1854 Treaty of Kanagawa
opened two ports to
American ships; not to
trade
• soon won trading and
other rights anyway
Commodore Perry
Pres. Millard Fillmore – 13th
President of the USA
RESULTS OF PERRY’S TRIP
• Japanese were humiliated by the lack of unequal
rights
• shogun criticized for being weak
SAMURAI
warrior class
Samurai “to serve”
• Bushido “the way of
the warrior”
• code of values
• honor, bravery and
personal loyalty
TOO MUCH PRESSURE
Meiji
• economic pressure +
social pressure = unrest
• 1867 Samurai led a revolt
• restored 15 year old
Mutsuhito to power
• renamed himself the
“enlightened one” or
Meiji
• moved capital from Kyoto
to Tokyo
SAMURAI
MEIJI RESTORATION
The actor who played Meiji
• 1868-1912
• reforms who ruled in the
name of the emperor to
strengthen Japan
• “A rich country, a strong
military>’
• adopted Western ways
• gov’t, technologies,
economies and customs
TRADITION VS. WESTERN CULTURE
• reformers wanted to
be equal to
Western countries
• 1889 Constitution
• equality before the
law
• bicameral leg. Diet
• one elected/one
appointed
TRADITIONAL JAPANESE HAIR STYLE
ALL GREAT NATIONS INDUSTRIALIZE
• economy priority
• adopted Western banking, railroad, ports,
telegraph and postal system
• Kawasaki
• wealthy family that bought a business from gov’t and
continued to develop
• set up business dynasties
• zaibatsu – powerful banking and industrial families
• 1890s booming
• copper, steel, coal
• pop. grew peasants came to cities for work
REFLECTION
• How is the industrialization of Japan similar to other
nations we have studied?
• be specific.
JAPANESE IMPERIALISM
DRIVE FOR GLORY AND GOLD
KOREAN QUESTION
• Japan militarizes
• Japan wanted to build and empire
• Korea is in the middle of Asia
• Competition from Russia, China and Japan
• 1800s China power declined
• Russia influence increased
• Japan on the rise
• 1894 – First Sino – Japanese War
• why: competition over China
• Japan won
FIRST SINO- JAPANESE WAR
RUSSO – JAPANESE WAR
• Japan challenged Russia for power in Korea and
Manchuria
• Japan defeated Russian troops and navy
• first time an Asian humbled a European nation
• 1905 Treaty of Portsmouth
• Japan gained control of Korea and part of Manchuria
• Pres. Teddy Roosevelt gets a Nobel Peace Prize
RUSSO – JAPANESE WAR
JAPAN IN 1920S AND 1930S
UNIT 7 LESSON 2
TERMS
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Ultranationalists
Manchuria
Second Sino Japanese War
Rape of Nanking (Nanjing)
Tripartite Pact (1940)
GROWTH AND EXPANSION
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became an industrial power
expansion economically
West: wanted them to limit expansion
gov’t agreed
limited Navy
LAND OF THE RISING SUN
PROBLEMS
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peasants are poor
liked socialist ideas
younger generation began to revolt
adopted Western culture
NATIONALIST GOV’T
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economic problems
feeds unrest
ultranationalists
condemn the West
hated racial policies of US and Canada
nationalists wanted expansion
MANCHURIA
• Ultranationalists
• Manchuria- outlet for growth and expansion
• 1931- Japanese officers provoked an incident to
invade
• -Chinese blew up Japanese rail lines – false
• LofN just condemned the invasion
ENTERING NANJING
RAPE OF NANJING
1931 invasion
1937 Second Sino-Japanese War
Dec. 13- Nanjing important cultural center
after the city surrender Japanese killed hundreds of
thousands of soldiers, civilians
• brutalized the people
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MILITARISTS
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military leaders overthrew gov’t
Civilian gov’t did survive
cracked down on socialists
revived ancient values
built cult around emperor
descended from sun goddess
students: absolute obedience to emperor and
serve the state
EMPEROR MEIJI
1930S AGGRESSION
1930s China civil war
Japan took advantage
completed conquest by 1939
1936 allied with Germany and Italy in
1940Tripartite Pact