Transcript 幻灯片 1

初中英语完型填空训
练
上海外国语大学附属双语学校
马婷婷
完形填空空格的综合判断
一、功能性判断：
1、词性：名词、形容词、副词、动词等
2、在句子中充当的成份：主语、谓语、定语等
二、语义性判断：
1、单句内的理解
（占多数空格）
2、上下若干句之间的理解
3、上下语段或全文的综合理解
（1-2个空格）
三、功能与语义结合的综合性判断
Party text
各词性在完型中出现的概率排序
动词 > 名词 > 形容词 > 副词 > 连词 > 代词 > 介词
> 冠词
判定使用动词的依据
1. 动词不定式： to do
e.g. It is impolite to ask a woman for her age.
2. 情态动词之后： can / may /must /should … do
e.g. He wore a mask so that no one should recognize him.
3.助动词之后：will /would do, have / has done,
be going to do
e.g. The books were happy in tone so they would attract
children.
4. 句子结构分析: (谓语动词须注意时态)
e.g.
1）There was no one at the reception desk, so
he pressed a bell for service.
主语
？
宾语
谓语动词
2） Please pardon me for not having answered your
letter. （祈使句结构）
5. 固定搭配
e.g. I won't let him get away with that stupid excuse.
(let sb. do)
单句训练
1. I’m sorry to l________ that he was wounded
in the war.
2. The streets are too narrow. I think we must
w________ the streets.
3. I will go home as soon as the party f______.
4. In the last maths class, the teacher a ____
them to write down all the numbers from 1 to
100, and then a________ them up.
5. Her jokes made us all l_______.
(make sb./sth. do)
动词单句训练（答案）
1. I’m sorry to learn that he was wounded in
the war.
2. The streets are too narrow. I think we must
widen the streets.
3. I will go home as soon as the party finishes.
4. In the last maths class, the teacher asked
them to write down all the numbers from 1 to
100, and then add them up.
5. Her jokes made us all laugh.
判定使用名词的依据
1. 冠词之后
e.g. Lots of people go sightseeing there every year, but air
pollution is a problem in the city centre.
2. 形容词之后
e.g. So deaf people think the most useful way of
communicating is sign language.
3. 动词之后
e.g. The signs can express thoughts and feelings.
4. 介词之后
e.g. Mary always orders desserts after meals. She’s certainly
got a sweet tooth.
5. 形容词性物主代词之后
e.g. The musical will be the highlight of the day. My friends and
I, 10 people altogether, have spent many weeks preparing
for it.
单句训练
1.The little boy was in tears over the d_____ of his
puppy dog.
2. At first, he wasn’t happy about being a volunteer.
However, his –three- month stay at the orphanage
turned into an unusual e_______.
3. Each sign has a different meaning. Signs are
combined to form s_______.
4. The poor farmer covered the hole with s______
because he didn’t want the monster to run away.
5.Speaking is possible for normal people but difficult
for the deaf, because a deaf person can not hear his
v_____.
名词单句训练（答案）
1.The little dog was in tears over the death of his
puppy dog.
2. At first, he wasn’t happy about being a volunteer.
However, his –three- month stay at the orphanage
turned into an unusual experience.
3. Each sign has a different meaning. Signs are
combined to form sentences.
4. The poor farmer covered the hole with stones
because he didn’t want the monster to run away.
5.Speaking is possible for normal people but difficult
for the deaf, because a deaf person can not hear his
voice.
判定使用形容词的依据
1. 形容词修饰名词，在名词前作定语
e.g. It is important to know the body language, or we may be
misunderstood. So they are called the silent language of
every country.
2. 形容词和系动词连用，作表语
e.g. When I entered, I found I was so wise to have made such
a decision. The shelter made of glass protected me from the
cold wind and I could enjoy the sunshine.
There are many benefits to getting fit! You will feel better and
look better.
3. 形容词后置现象：不定代词/数词连用，置于它们之后
e.g. After a careful check, he told me not to worry about it
because there is nothing wrong with the machine.
That hill is a bout eight hundred metres high.
4. 固定词组搭配
e.g. The good news really made me happy, and I couldn’t help
laughing at that moment.
make sb. / sth. +形容词
单句训练
1. He is not only good at English, but also good at
o________ subjects.
2. What’s the p_______ sport in your school?
3. Mrs. Smith thinks shopping is more i________. So
she’d like her flat near the supermarkets.
4. Look at your study. It’s d________. You must keep
your study clean and t________.
5. I have serious stomachache today. I wonder if I ate
something b_____ yesterday.
形容词单句训练（答案）
1. He is not only good at English, but also good at
other subjects.
2. What’s the popular sport in your school?
3. Mrs. Smith thinks shopping is more important.
So she’d like her flat near the supermarkets.
4. Look at your study. It’s dirty. You must keep your
study clean and tidy.
5. I have serious stomachache today. I wonder if I
ate something bad yesterday.
判定使用副词的依据
1. 强调修饰句中某一动词或动词词组，出现在其前或后
e.g. He looks around carefully for possible danger.
It makes us so happy that his writing has greatly improved
this semester.
2. 强调形容词的语气，出现在形容词前
e.g. I am terribly sorry for breaking your new watch.
This question is extremely difficult , it seems that no one can
answer it.
3. 频度副词，表明动作发生或状态存在的频繁程度
• e.g. Men sometimes say, “We are better and
cleverer than women. Women never invent
things. We do.”
4. 句子副词：用于修饰句子，反映说话人的观点和看法，
出现在句首（或分句句首）
• e.g. Obviously, he can't tell the difference
between the twins, for he called the boy on the
right “Jerry”, who is actually James.
单句训练
1. U
it’s not a good job, but at least it’s a job.(句
意理解）
2. Jack was not feeling well, but he s
went to work.
(句意理解）
3. At the same time he a
realized who I was. (句
意理解）
4. Have a warm bath — it’s a great way to relax. But
n
stay in there too long. (句意理解）
5. He was t
tired after walking six kilos.
副词单句训练（答案）
1. Unluckily it’s not a good job, but at least it’s a
job. (Unfortunately)
2. Jack was not feeling well, but he still went
to work.
3. At the same time he also realized who I was.
4. Have a warm bath — it’s a great way to relax.
But never stay in there too long.
5. He was terribly tired after walking six kilos.
判定使用连词的依据
1. 根据时态等方面的特征
e.g. My watch has not kept good time since I dropped it.
2. 根据句意语境的理解
e.g. Some people only get to see their families on holidays
because they live far away.（前后两句表因果关系）
So if your American hosts do something that makes you
uncomfortable ,try to let them know how you feel.
Most of them will appreciate your honesty. (前一句表示
假设状态）
单句训练
1.
Ideas for inventions make life easier. Perhaps we all do
sometimes, b
we don’t often make the idea a
reality. （句意理解）
2. Close all the windows b
you leave. （句意理解）
3. I knew nothing u
he told me. （句意理解+时态）
4. I have never been there s
I left Shanghai.
（时态+句意理解）
5. We were very thirsty a
we walked a long way in the
sun. （句意理解）
6. I kept silent w
he was writing. （时态+句意理解）
连词单句训练（答案）
1. Ideas for inventions make life easier. Perhaps
we all do sometimes, but we don’t often make
the idea a reality.
2. Close all the windows before you leave.
3. I knew nothing until he told me.
4. I have never been there since I left Shanghai.
5. We were very thirsty after we walked a long
way in the sun.
6. I kept silent while he was writing.
整段训练1
On the side of a river grew a tall oak tree(橡树). It stood with his
roots firmly (紧紧地) in the ground, and its h______ high in the air. It
said to itself, “How strong I am! I’m taller and stronger than all the other
t______. Nothing can make me to bow(弯腰).“
But one day there was a storm. The strong wind came and struck
the proud oak. The tree f_______ into the river. As the water carried it
away, it passed by a t_____ reed(芦苇) that grew on the riverside.
The little reed stood up tall and looked at the poor broken tree.
“Hello, reed,” said the tree. “Why didn’t you break when the wind came?
You are so w_______ .”
“Oh, poor tree, “said the reed, “I bent and moved u________ the
wind had passed. The wind must go where it is sent, but will not
h______those who are not proud.”
Moral (寓意): Sometimes you have to bend low to s_________.
So it may be good for you if you know it: Competing with someone
who is o_________ stronger than you is not a wise choice.
整段训练1（答案）
On the side of a river grew a tall oak tree(橡树). It stood with his
roots firmly (紧紧地) in the ground, and its head high in the air. It said to
itself, “How strong I am! I’m taller and stronger than all the other trees.
Nothing can make me to bow(弯腰).“
But one day there was a storm. The strong wind came and struck
the proud oak. The tree fell into the river. As the water carried it away, it
passed by a thin reed(芦苇) that grew on the riverside.
The little reed stood up tall and looked at the poor broken tree.
“Hello, reed,” said the tree. “Why didn’t you break when the wind came?
You are so weak.”
“Oh, poor tree, “said the reed, “I bent and moved until the wind had
passed. The wind must go where it is sent, but will not hurt those who
are not proud.”
Moral (寓意): Sometimes you have to bend low to succeed.
So it may be good for you if you know it: Competing with someone
who is obviously stronger than you is not a wise choice.
整段训练2
It was just a normal morning. Richard Paget, together with his son Dax
Paget, was driving from Washington to Oregon City. Everything went well
until the police got a phone call from Mr. Paget, saying that he was in t_____.
The police used Mr. Paget’s cell phone signal to track him. But they failed
to locate him e_____. When they further questioned Mr. Paget, his speech
was too garbled(混乱的) to u________.
Then Dax’s show time began. He confidently took the phone and gave
details about where his father had s_______ the car. There were only a
couple of buildings around them, b____ Dax managed to describe all the
details. More importantly, he was able to give i_______ about his father’s
symptoms. The five-year-old knew nothing about stroke, but he could
c_______ tell the police that Mr. Paget had lost feeling in the left side of his
body.
The calmness and cleverness of Dax helped the officers f______ out Mr.
Paget’s location and rush to his aid.
“Everything that Dax answered was to the point. He led us to the r_____
location,” one policeman said. “He is a super brave, super intelligent little
man.”
整段训练2（答案）
It was just a normal morning. Richard Paget, together with his son Dax
Paget, was driving from Washington to Oregon City. Everything went well
until the police got a phone call from Mr. Paget, saying that he was in trouble.
The police used Mr. Paget’s cell phone signal to track him. But they failed
to locate him exactly. When they further questioned Mr. Paget, his speech
was too garbled(混乱的) to understand.
Then Dax’s show time began. He confidently took the phone and gave
details about where his father had stopped the car. There were only a couple
of buildings around them, but Dax managed to describe all the details. More
importantly, he was able to give information about his father’s symptoms. The
five-year-old knew nothing about stroke, but he could clearly tell the police
that Mr. Paget had lost feeling in the left side of his body.
The calmness and cleverness of Dax helped the officers find out Mr.
Paget’s location and rush to his aid.
“Everything that Dax answered was to the point. He led us to the right
location.,” one policeman said. “He is a super brave, super intelligent little
man.”
完型填空要点归纳
1、能根据句意或段意确定意义正确的单词
2、能根据词性判断或句子成分判断确认正确的词性
3、能根据所填入的不同词性单词的特性注意相应的语法要求。
例如:
名词： 单复数的要求
动词： 时态、语态上的要求
形容词：有无比较级、最高级要求的变化要求
副词： 能观察出不同类型副词的使用特征或放置位置