Transcript Title of Presentation

Teachers
Students
Projected Audience
Learning Environment
Objectives
State Standards
Index
Information
History of Tornadoes
Interesting Facts
Application
Magnetic Simulator Video
Making a Tornado Tube
Evaluation
Quiz
The targeted audience for this slide show is
Grade 5.
These students will have:
Knowledge of tornadoes
What they are capable of
Heard of Fujita scale but does not know the details
May have experienced a tornado first hand
Have seen tornadoes in the media (news, movies,
television, or pictures)
Class Room Setting
Computer Lab
Internet Ready
Stable Environment
Quiet
Hands-on Experience Area
For tornado tube
By the end of this slide show the student should
be able to:
Tell about the history and the making of the Fujita
and Enhanced Fujita Scale
Tell about the different categories of a tornado and
what that means
Know some interesting facts about tornadoes
Make a tornado tube
Complete the evaluation quiz without difficulty
One of the grand success stories of science is the unification of
the physical universe. It turns out that all natural objects,
events, and processes are connected to each other. This
standard contains recommendations for basic knowledge about
the overall structure of the universe and the physical principles
on which it seems to run, with emphasis on Earth and the solar
system. This standard focuses on two principle subjects: the
structure of the universe and the major processes that have
shaped the planet Earth, and the concepts with which science
describes the physical world in general - organized under the
headings of Matter and Energy and Forces of Nature.
To Resources
What
What isisaaTornado
Tornado
A tornado is…
How does a tornado form
Where do tornadoes occur
Where is Tornado Alley
Tornado Track Map for 2008
Number of tornadoes 2001Present
Percentages of tornadoes by Fujita
Ranking
History
History of Tornadoes
Tornadoes
Oldest known Photograph
Creation of Fujita Scale
Inside the Fujita Scale
Creation of Enhanced Fujita Scale
Inside the Enhanced Fujita
Facts About
Facts
aboutTornadoes
Tornadoes
Interesting facts in 2009
Various Photographs
Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in U.S.
History
Tornadoes in the Media
Tornado Video Clips
Tornado Tube Activity
Application
Application
Evaluation
Evaluation
Exploring how, when, where a tornado forms
To Index
Violently rotating funnel of air
Natures’ most violent natural disaster
Wide range of destruction
Least understood natural disaster
Can be any size or shape
Can happen at any time of the year
Can happen anywhere
Tornado Destruction by National
Geographic:
Rotating funnel of air
Natures’ most violent natural disaster
Very Destructive
Least understood natural phenomena
(impressive event)
Can be any size or shape
Can happen at any time of the year
Can happen anywhere
Indiana
Missouri
Oklahoma
Texas
Iowa
Arkansas
North Dakota
Colorado
Louisiana
South Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
Illinois
2000
1817
2001
1800
1636
2002
1600
Number of Tornadoes
There was a total of
8836 tornadoes in
the United States
from 2001-2007.
168 of those were in
Indiana.
That is only 2% of the
countries tornadoes
As of February 19th
2009 there had been
a total of 21
tornadoes recorded
for the year.
1400
1376
1114
1200
1000
2003
1265
1236
2004
1092
2005
936
2006
800
2007
600
2008
400
2009
200
21
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year
7%
2%
1%
0%
Percentage of F0
Tornadoes
Percentage of F1
Tornadoes
Percentage of F2
Tornadoes
Percentage of F3
Tornadoes
26%
Percentage of F4
Tornadoes
64%
Percentage of F5
Tornadoes
This Chart shows the percentage of tornadoes for each Fujita category.
The percentages have been figured from the total number of
tornadoes that took place from 2001-2008.
As you may see there are rarely any F4 or F5 Tornadoes.
To Index
Charts, Graphs, and Facts about the
history of tornadoes
To Index
An unknown photographer inspired legions of tornado-chasers when he captured
the earliest known photograph of a tornado. The black-and-white image was taken
on August 28, 1884, about 22 miles southwest of Howard, South Dakota.
Created by Dr. T. Theodore
Fujita
First introduced in the SMRP
Research Paper, "Proposed
Characterization of
Tornadoes and Hurricanes
by Area and Intensity".
Dr. Fujita wanted to categorize
each tornado by intensity and
area.
System made to define every
tornado that occurs in the
United States.
The scale was divided into
six categories:
F0 (Gale)
F1 (Weak)
F2 (Strong)
F3 (Severe)
F4 (Devastating)
F5 (Incredible)
WIND
SCALE ESTIMATE
*** (MPH)
F0
< 73
F1
73-112
TYPICAL DAMAGE
Light damage. Some damage to chimneys; branches broken off trees; shallowrooted trees pushed over; sign boards damaged.
Moderate damage. Peels surface off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations
or overturned; moving autos blown off roads.
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes demolished;
boxcars overturned; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles
generated; cars lifted off ground.
Severe damage. Roofs and some walls torn off well-constructed houses; trains
overturned; most trees in forest uprooted; heavy cars lifted off the ground and
thrown.
F2
113-157
F3
158-206
F4
207-260
Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses leveled; structures with weak
foundations blown away some distance; cars thrown and large missiles generated.
261-318
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away;
automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 meters (109 yards);
trees debarked; incredible phenomena will occur.
F5
Scientists including Dr. Fujita knew the scale
needed to be updated
Started working on the updates in the Early 90’s
New scale categorizes more by wind speed less
by damage
Allows those tornadoes with no damage to be
categorized higher than an F0.
EF Number
3 Second Gust (mph)
0
1
2
65-85
86-110
111-135
3
136-165
4
166-200
5
Over 200
To Index
Facts, videos, photos of past tornadoes
To Index
As of March 9, 2009:
83 reported tornadoes
42 confirmed tornadoes
9 deaths
The worst tornado of the year took place February 10th
F4 in Lone Grove, Oklahoma
Killed 8 people
Injured 46 more
Destroyed 114 homes
Deadliest tornado since may 3, 1999
Strongest during February since 1950 in Oklahoma
1. March 18, 1925
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
F5
Hit Missouri, Illinois, Indiana
Nicknamed the Tristate Tornado
695 dead
3.5 hours on the ground
1.4 billion in damage
Single deadliest in US History
9 tornadoes total in outbreak that caused 747
deaths
2. May 7, 1840
•
Most likely F5
•
•
•
•
•
•
Natchez, Mississippi
Nicknamed “The great Natchez tornado”
317 dead
1 mile wide
Actual death toll listed at 48 land 269 in river
•
•
No Fujita scale so uncategorized
Number disputed due to pre civil war- slave deaths not
counted in death toll
Damages unknown
3. May 27, 1896
•
F4
•
•
•
•
•
Rated later after Fujita Scale had been created
St. Louis, Missouri
Nicknamed “The Great Cyclone of St. Louis”
284+ dead (43 on record due to pre-civil war era)
3.4 billion in damages
4/5. April 5-6, 1936
• Two tornadoes part of the
same outbreak
• Tupelo/Gainesville Tornado
Outbreak
• Tupelo, Mississippi-F5
• Gainesville, Georgia-F4
• 436 dead
• 17 total tornadoes in outbreak
• 13 billion in damages in
Gainesville alone
• Damage unknown in Tupelo
6. April 9, 1947
•
•
•
•
•
•
Woodward, Oklahoma
Unrated
Damage track over 2 miles wide
Destroyed 100 city blocks
9.7 billion in damages
181 dead
7. April 24, 1908
•
•
•
•
•
•
Amite, Louisiana and Purvis,
Mississippi
143 dead from single tornado
150 mile track
Later ranked an F4
Part of an outbreak that had
16 total tornadoes
Total of 324 lives lost
8. June 12, 1899
•
•
•
•
•
•
New Richmond, Wisconsin
F5
117 Dead
$14 Million in Damages
Originated as a waterspout
on Lake St. Croix
More people than usual in
area due to Gollmar
Brothers Circus in town
9. June 8, 1953
•
•
•
•
•
Flint, Michigan
116 dead
F5
Named the Beecher Tornado
27 mile Track
10. May 11, 1953
•
•
•
•
•
114 dead
Waco, Texas
F5
Named the Lubbock Tornado
$41 Million in Damages
Positive Media
News
Warnings to allow us time to
get to safety
Awareness of possible
dangers
National Geographic
Gives us knowledge of how
tornadoes work
Helps us prepare better for
future tornadoes
Storm Chasers
Helps us learn more about
tornadoes
Negative Media
Movies
Twister
Portrays the worst
possibilities for the
outcome of tornadoes
News
Makes some people live in
fear of the possible dangers
Storm Chasers
Dangerous for those out
there studying the tornadoes
F5 Tornado-In Oklahoma tornado May
3rd, 1999
Unedited tornado footage from
weather photographer Jim Reed.
May 8, 2008 in Kansas
#5 .... Highway overpasses do not protect you during a tornado.
#4 .... Opening windows will not reduce air pressure to save a roof, or even a home, from
destruction by a tornado.
#3 .... Large cities cannot be struck by a tornado.
#2 .... Some towns are "protected!“
#1 .... During a tornado the safest place in a home is in the southwest corner of the
basement.
To Index
Tornado Creation Demonstration
Tornado Tube
Two ways
Use a tornado tube bottle connector
Place a washer between two (2) empty 2 Litter bottles tape well as to
prevent leaking
Shake bottle as indicated in picture below
To Index
Back to Index
What is the range of the Fujita and Enhanced
Fujita Scale?
A.
F0-F4
B.
F1-F5
C.
F1-F4
D.
F0-F5
Where did the worst tornado in U.S. History
occur?
A.
Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama
B.
Missouri, Illinois, Indiana
C.
Wisconsin
D. Oklahoma
How many Tornadoes occurred in the U.S.
2008?
A.
1,817
B.
1,092
C.
1,636
D.
1,376
What was the percentage of F5 tornadoes for
2001-2008?
A. 2%
B.
1%
C.
10%
D.
0%
How many tornadoes touched down in Indiana
from 2001 to 2007?
A.
350
B.
168
C.
57
D.
135