Transcript Nuclear weapons

Nuclear weapons
Presented by Alex, Meggy and
Jonas
Index of contents
• “Iran and weapons of mass destruction“
• “Nuclear Weapons and the United States”
• “North Korea and the atomic bomb“
“Iran and weapons of mass destruction“
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Current situation
Iranian attitude
Recriminations
Effects on the society
Effects on the human being
Current situation
• Iran developing nuclear weapons?
• Iran signed treaties (e.g. NPT)
• enriching uranium is legal
Current situation
• IAEA attested that Iran does not possess nuclear
weapons or weapons-grade uranium
• BUT:
• Some nuclear technology is dual-use!
• Iran might be able to produce enough uranium for a
nuclear weapon by the end of this decade
• UN passed a resolution in July 2006 that calls on
Iran to suspend uranium enrichment but Iran did not
follow this demand
Iranian attitude
• nuclear programme done for power generation
• non-peaceful use would violate treaties and religious
principles
• diversification of energy sources necessary: oil fields
will be depleted, operating costs for nuclear reactors
are relatively low and stable
• western position is hypocritical
• Iran has the right to enrich uranium and this should
not be offended
Recriminations
USA
• balance of power in middle east will be changed
• other eastern countries are encouraged to also
produce nuclear weapons
• U.S. Influence will be weakened
• Assumption: Iran sponsors international terrorism
• Iran supports islamic militant groups like Hamas and
Jihad
• Iran will attack Israel
Recriminations
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France
nuclear programme is clandestine attempt to
develop weapons
United Kingdom
military intervention and use of nuclear weapons will
have desastrous consequences for international
security
Israel
nuclear weapons will be used to destroy Israel
Iran maintains a close relationship with Hezbollah
Recriminations - General
• Palestine will support Iran
• Iran offered Pakistan 4 billion dollars for the
technology of an atom bomb
• Non-Aligned-Movement (NAM) declared that they
support Iran
Effects on the society
• Iran cancels treaties
• attack on Iran by USA/Israel under pretence of a
preemptive strike
• military mission necessary to resolve the conflict
--> provocation of Iran
--> Iranian attack on Israel
-->terrorism
-->war
Effects on the human being
• hazards to people and environment from radioactive
contamination depend on the nature, level and
extent of contamination
• immediate deaths of approximately 100,000 to
200,000 people
• cancer, mutation of genetic material, blood circle
and immunity system are affected, higher risk for
infections, general illness, sterility, stillbirth, loss of
hair, internal bleeding, bone marrow is destroyed,
organs are severely damaged, water-electrolyte
imbalance, delirium, coma, death
“Nuclear Weapons and the United States”
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America
Nuclear Testing
Accidents
Current Status
America
• The first country that successfully developed nuclear
weapons
• The only country that has used them against
another nation
• 6.8.1945: “Little Boy”
• 9.8.1945: “Fat Man”
• Maintains an arsenal of about ten thousand
warheads to this day
Nuclear Testing
• Postwar period-U.S. engaged in a nuclear arms race
against the Soviet Union
• Weapons were theoretical, no method was known for
successfully igniting a nuclear fusion reaction
• Nov.1952 “Ivy Mike” (10 megaton) + Feb.1954 “Casle
Bravo” (15 megaton)
over twice the projected expectations
• 1850-60 U.S. continued in its path, developing ICBM’s
• stockpile of weapons increased to over 32.000 warheads
in 1966
• 1.054 nuclear tests were conducted
Accidents
• U.S. suffered from a number of accidents of varying forms
• In some cases the explosive system of the fission weapons
discharged but did not trigger a nuclear chain reaction
• 11 nuclear warheads are thought to be lost in submarine
accidents
• July 1945: “The Trinity” (yield of around 20 kt)
• July 1946: Operation Crossroad series
• May 1951: Operation Greenhouse
• Oct. 1954: “Castle Bravo”
- error in casualation in weather conditions
- populations were evacuated but not before suffering radiation
burns
- number of citizens have sued for compensation of their
exposure
Current Status
• U.S. is one of the five recognized nuclear powers
• Current arsenal of around 9.960 intact warheads
• Few hundred of the B61 bombs are located at eight
bases in six European NATO countries
“North Korea and the atomic bomb“
• History
• Current situation
• Future
History
• NPT
• Six-Party-Talks
• America < - >North Korea
Current Situation
• October 09, 2006 / The test
• October 14, 2006 / Resolution 1718
• October 17, 2006 / Reaction
Future
The End
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