Transcript 云计算：Cloud computing

云计算：Cloud computing
王仲远
关于云计算更多内容，请参见：
2008-03-29
http://idke.ruc.edu.cn/news/2008/cloud-computing.htm
http://www.wangzhongyuan.com/archives/328.html
Outline
 Stories
 Background
 Web 2.0, Grid Computing and Cloud
Computing
 Cloud Computing Cases
 Future
The First Story
TVs
4+ billion phones by
2010 [Source: Nokia]
PCs
PDAs
The Second Story
Manage
Contact
Work
Share
Google Charts
Outline
 Stories
 Background
 Web 2.0, Grid Computing and Cloud
Computing
 Cloud Computing Cases
 Future
Timeline
COBOL
COBOL,
Edsel
Amazon.com
ARPANET
Darkness
Internet
Web
Awareness
Web as a
Platform
Dot-Com Bubble
Web Services,
Resources Eliminated
Web 2.0
Web Scale
Computing
Statistics
Statistics
It’s All About Ideas
What do these companies
have in common?
Outline
 Stories
 Background
 Web 2.0, Grid Computing and Cloud
Computing
 Cloud Computing Cases
 Future
What is a Grid
 Resource sharing
 Computers, storage, sensors, networks, …
 Sharing always conditional: issues of trust, policy,
negotiation, payment, …
 Coordinated problem solving
 Beyond client-server: distributed data analysis,
computation, collaboration, …
 Dynamic, multi-institutional virtual orgs
 Community overlays on classic org structures
 Large or small, static or dynamic
Not A New Idea
 Late 70’s – Networked operating systems
 Late 80’s – Distributed operating system
 Early 90’s – Heterogeneous computing
 Mid 90’s - Metacomputing
 Then the “Grid” – Foster and Kesselman,
1999
 Also called parallel distributed computing
Why is this hard/different?
 Lack of central control
Where things run
When they run
 Shared resources
Contention, variability
 Communication
Different sites implies different sys admins,
users, institutional goals, and often “strong
personalities”
Theory -> Practice
Grid Computing 2.0?
Grid Computing
Cloud
Cloud
Cloud
Computing
Cloud Computing
 WIKIPEDIA: Cloud computing is a new (circa late 2007)
label for the subset of grid computing that includes utility
computing and other approaches to the use of shared
computing resources. Cloud computing is an alternative to
having local servers or personal devices handling users'
applications.
 News Blog: Cloud computing, the notion of outsourcing
hardware and software to Internet service providers, is
showing the classic signs of disruptive technology--it's not
good enough for the masses yet, but it has clear potential
to shake things up.
 Forrester: Cloud computing is a new IT outsourcing
model…cloud computing is looking like a classic
disruptive technology.
The Architecture of Cloud Computing
Upon Cloud Computing
 Cloud storage: it is a model of networked
data storage where data is stored on
multiple virtual servers
Hosted by third parties,
Hosting companies operate large data centers
 Cloud services:
Web services offered via cloud computing.
Cloud Computing, Grid Computing
and Web2.0
 Cloud computing as being a complement to
grid computing, focusing more on scalable,
on-demand, Web 2.0-type applications
 The architecture of Cloud Computing
certainly could handle a lot of the batch
workloads traditionally associated with grid
computing.
Company/Lab Clouds ~
Outline
 Stories
 Background
 Web 2.0, Grid Computing and Cloud
Computing
 Cloud Computing Cases
 Future
Google & IBM
 Google and IBM Announce University
Initiative to Address Internet-Scale
Computing Challenges (Cloud Computing)
 CMU, Stanford, Berkeley, California,
Maryland, Washingtong will be involved
Cloud Computing Architecture
Apache
Virtual
Machine
Virtual
Machine
Virtual
Machine
Virtual
Machine
Tivoli Monitoring Agent
Open Source Linux with Xen
Data Center – System x
Monitoring
IBM
Monitoring v.6
DB2
Virtualized Infrastructure based on Open Source
Linux & Xen
Provisioning Baremetal & Xen VM
Provisioning
Manager v.5.1
WebSphere
Application Server
Provisioning Management Stack
Cloud computing
infrastructure to support the
academic initiative can be
delivered either as hosted or
onsite solution.
Example of How the Cloud
Drives
Innovation
Leverage Cloud’s powerful combination of Web 2.0 collaboration
platform and dynamic, secure computing environment to drive
business transformations.
Innovation Factory
Expand sources of
innovation with a network
of partners, customers,
researchers, and academia
Speed time to market for
new offerings by exploiting
collaboration technology to
co-create and gather rapid
feedback on new offerings
Virtualized Cloud
Incubation
Environment
Lower barriers to IT
by leveraging Cloud
to provide incubation
environment for new
prototypes
Examples of Cloud Computing
Workloads
• Web 2.0 applications
• Provide rich user experience including real-time global collaboration
• Enable rapid software development
• Software to scan voluminous Wikipedia edits to identify spam
• Organize global news articles by geographic location
• Data-intensive workloads based on scalable architectures, such
as Google’s MapReduce framework
• Financial modeling, real-time speech translation, Web search
• Next generation rich media, such as virtual worlds, streaming videos, Web
conferencing, etc.
• New services can be created and published via a completely
integrated Eclipse-based environment
Amazon EC2 Is…
 A Web service that provides resizable
compute capacity in the cloud.
 Designed to make Web-scale computing
easier for developers.
 A simple Web service interface that
provides complete control of your
computing resources
Amazon EC2
Benefits You Because It:
 Reduces the time required to obtain and
boot new server instances to minutes
 Quickly scales capacity, both up and down,
as your computing requirements change
 Changes the economics of computing:
Pay only for capacity that you actually use
Microsoft：WebStudio
• WebStudio is an infrastructure to provide large-scale Web data
management and processing capabilities.
• It provides an integrated development environment (IDE) for use in
quickly prototyping and conducting experiments at Web-scale.
Microsoft Virtual World
Microsoft’s Cloud Services
 Windows Live Services
Windows Live
services also
underscore
Microsoft’s desire to
become the manager
for a user’s data
wherever it is located.
Microsoft’s Cloud Storge
 Windows Live Services
 Windows Live SkyDrive

SkyDrive is also available now in 38
countries/regions (but not in China)
Bill Gates: “When you think storage, think
Windows Live”
Outline
 Stories
 Background
 Web 2.0, Grid Computing and Cloud
Computing
 Cloud Computing Cases
 Future
Growing confrontation between Google and Microsoft !
Disruptive Technology
 Enterprise to Personal
Disruptive Technology
 Enterprise to Personal
 Desktop to Web
Users may no longer have to be tethered to a
traditional computer to use an application.
Any device that can access the Internet will be
able to run a cloud-based application
Will not worry about storage capacity,
compatibility or other concerns
Without having the bother of upgrading the
application version
Challenge & Venture
 Security
For single user: Is the storage reliable?
For all user: If terrorists attack several
Computing Clouds…
 Privacy
 If internet breaks down one day?
Thank You!
 What’s your opinion?
References
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Web Scale Computing
IBM Google Announcement on Internet-Scale Computing
Web IR - History and Future Trends
Software via the Internet: Microsoft in ‘Cloud’ Computing
A Sunny Outlook for Cloud Computing
Study: Cloud computing to brighten future of data centers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-isweb-20.html
Google Gets Ready to Rumble With Microsoft
http://www.forrester.com/Research/Document/Excerpt/0,7211,44229,00
.html
Grid Computing and the Globus Toolkit
http://www.google.com/intl/en/options/
http://ideas.live.com/