Transcript Document

Overview of the GOES Wildfire ABBA, Applications, and Future Plans
GOFC/GOLD Global Geostationary Fire Monitoring Applications Workshop
EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany
23 March 2004
Elaine M. Prins
NOAA/NESDIS/ORA
Advanced Satellite Products Team
Madison, Wisconsin
[email protected]
Joleen M. Feltz
Christopher C. Schmidt
UW-Madison
Cooperative Institute for
Meteorological Satellite Studies
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA)
Advanced Satellite
Products Team (ASPT)
National Aeronautics
and Space Administration
UW-Madison
Cooperative Institute for
Meteorological Satellite
Studies (CIMSS)
Overview
 Brief overview of GOES Wildfire Automated Biomass
Burning Algorithm (WF_ABBA) processing system
 Examples of GOES WF_ABBA fire monitoring in the
Western Hemisphere
 Diurnal and geographic distribution of fires
 Applications of the GOES WF_ABBA fire product
- Land-cover/Land-use change
- Global change
- Emissions
- Pollutant transport
- Modeling
 Future Plans
The GOES Wildfire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm
(WF_ABBA)

Automatically locates and characterizes sub-pixel fires in GOES imagery
- The WF_ABBA uses GOES visible, 3.9 µm and 10.7 µm data and ancillary data to identify and
characterize sub-pixel fires.
- Contextual techniques are used to locate hot pixels that are statistically different from the background
and assign fire pixel categories:
(processed; saturated; cloudy; and high, medium and low probability fire pixels)
- Numerical techniques are used to determine instantaneous estimates of sub-pixel fire size and
average temperature for the processed fire pixel category based on the Dozier technique.
 Ancillary data used to augment the GOES data in finding and characterizing fires
- These data help to screen for false alarms and correct for water vapor attenuation, surface emissivity,
solar reflectivity, and semi-transparent clouds.
- The AVHRR-derived Global Land Cover Characteristics (GLCC) data base is used to assign surface
emissivity values and helps screen for false alarms.
- The Aviation Model total column precipitable water is utilized to correct for water vapor attenuation.

WF_ABBA fire product consists of:
- ASCII text files, McIDAS MD and AREA files
- Alpha-blended composite imagery (http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/burn/wfabba.html)
Overview of GOES WF_ABBA Processing System
A.
WF_ABBA algorithm in McIDAS Environment - Automated (DELL 900 mhz dual proc., Linux, BASH
scripts)
Part I: Identify and log all remotely possible fire pixels
NESDIS Operations
- Input:
- GOES multiband (vis, 4 micron, 11 micron) McIDAS areas
- Aviation model forecast in McIDAS grid format
- Ecosystem McIDAS area (AVHRR GLCC)
- Transmittance offset lookup table ASCII file
- Output:
- Files (McIDAS MD and ASCII) documenting any remotely
possible fires:
lat., lon., T4, T11, Tb4, Tb11, ecosystem, other variables
Part II: Screen/filter fire pixels, account for oversampling,
temporal filtering, create output fire pixel images,
and log results
- Input:
- Output ASCII file from Part I
- GOES single band McIDAS areas
- Output:
- Files (McIDAS MD and ASCII) documenting processed, saturated, cloudy, and all possible fires
lat., lon., T4, T11, Tb4, Tb11, estimates of fire size/temp, ecosystem type, and bookkeeping variables
- McIDAS areas with fire pixels identified
B. Generation of alpha-blended composite fire products - Automated (BASH scripts)
- Series of McIDAS commands, programs, and scripts
C. Dissemination of data and imagery via anonymous ftp and animations on the web - Automated
University of Wisconsin-Madison CIMSS/ASPT
GOES-10/-12 Half-hourly Wildfire ABBA Web Distribution
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/burn/wfabba.html
Since September 2000 animations of Wildfire ABBA
composite image products have been provided via
anonymous ftp and the web every half-hour.
Displays include three overviews and 35 regional
views providing coverage of the entire Western
Hemisphere.
Examples of Regional View Sectors
Examples of the GOES Wildfire ABBA
Monitoring System in the Western Hemisphere
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/burn/wfabba.html
GOES-8 Wildfire ABBA Summary
Composite of Filtered Half-Hourly Fire
Observations for the Western
Hemisphere
Time Period:
September 1, 2001 to August 31, 2002
Fire Pixel Category
Processed
The composite shows the much higher
incidence of burning in Central and South
America, primarily associated with
deforestation and agricultural management.
Saturated
Cloudy
High Possibility
Medium Possibility
The base map for this composite
image is derived from the
Global Land Cover Characteristics
database provided by the USGS
Fire Pixel Distribution
North America (30-70°N): 12%
Central America (10-30°N): 11%
South America (70°S-10°N): 77%
GOES-8 Wildfire ABBA
Filtered Fire Pixel
Difference Composite
For the Western Hemisphere
Yellow indicates fire pixels only
detected in the first year:
September 2000 – August 2001
Red indicates fire pixels only
detected in the second year:
September 2001 – August 2002
NOAA/NESDIS/ORA ASPT
UW-Madison CIMSS
Satellite Coverage (%)
GOES Eclipse
& Keep-out Zone
Diurnal Distribution of GOES-8 WF_ABBA
Filtered Fire Pixel Product
for the Western Hemisphere
Dates: 1 September 2001 – 31 August 31 2002
Geographical Distribution of the
GOES-8 WF_ABBA Filtered Fire Pixel Product
for the Western Hemisphere
Dates: 1 September 2001 – 31 August 31 2002
Fire Pixel Category
Processed
High Possibility
Saturated
Medium Possibility
Cloudy
Low Possibility
Year 1 (Excluding Low Possibility)
Year 2 (Excluding Low Possibility)
GOES-8 WF_ABBA Fire Product
Date: 1 June – 31 October 2002
Time: All half-hourly fire products
WF_ABBA
Fire Pixel Category
Processed
Saturated
Cloudy
High Possibility
Medium Possibility
The base map for this composite
image is derived from the
Global Land Cover Characteristics
database provided by the USGS
GOES South American ABBA Fire Products Used in Land Use
Land Cover Change, Climate Change, and Pollutant Transport Studies
Universities, research institutes, and government
planning agencies are using the GOES ABBA fire
product as an indicator of land-use and land-cover
change and carbon dynamics along the borders
between Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia.
Air pollution transport models and climate change
modeling studies are using the GOES fire products to
identify and “quantify” emissions due to biomass
burning. Instruments such as EOS MOPITT are
identifying enhanced pollution associated with
biomass burning.
GOES-8 Wildfire ABBA Composite Fire Product for Western
Amazonia in Acre, Brazil
Date: June – October, 2002
The MOPITT carbon monoxide composite is courtesy of
the MOPITT team: John Gille (NCAR), James Drummond
(University of Toronto), and David Edwards (NCAR)
Comparison between WF_ABBA Fire Observations and MOPITT CO Product
Pacific Northwest United States
MOPITT Total Column CO: 25–27 August 2000
Smoke and cumulus
from large fires
MOPITT
CO Max.
Montana
North
Dakota
Idaho
GOES-10 WF_ABBA Detected Fires: 20–27 August 2000
MOPITT carbon monoxide composite is courtesy of J. Warner (NCAR) and the MOPITT Science team
Applications of the GOES Wildfire ABBA in Modeling Programs
Real-time Assimilation into the Naval Research Laboratory
Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS)
Real-time Assimilation at the University of Sao Paulo
and CPTEC/INPE into the RAMS model
RAMS
CO Product
RAMS
PM2.5 Product
GOES WF_ABBA Fire Product
22 August 2003 at 17:45 UTC
GOES-8 WF_ABBA Fire Product
Point Sources for 13 August 2002
NAAPS Smoke Optical Depth
22 August 2003 at 18:00 UTC
GOES-8 ABBA Fire and MACADA Cloud Products Used in
Study to Model and Predict Future Fire Activity at UNH
Other Modeling Efforts and Collaborations
Collaboration with Univ. of New Hampshire Inst. for Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space
 Climate Modeling at NASA/GSFC: Assimilation into
the GOCART model
Complete Deforestation Scenario
Predicted increase in future
regional fire activity: 123%
Number of Fire Pixels
Intermediate Deforestation Scenario
Predicted increase in future
regional fire activity: 22%
 Real-time Air Quality Modeling at NASA/Langley:
Real-time assimilation into the RAQMS model as part of
IDEA (Infusing satellite Data into Environmental
Applications)
 Fire Emissions and Regional Air Quality Modeling
at NCAR: Assimilation into the U.S. EPA Community
Multiscale Air Quality model in support of the 2002
SMOCC campaign in Brazil
Collaborations result in submission/publication of 3-peer reviewed publications in FY03
Fire Detection Using Rapid Scan Imagery
Case Studies in the Western U.S. During the 2002 Fire Season
Using rapid scan GOES-11 data, the
WF_ABBA was able to identify
several wildfires in imagery near/at
the initial reported start times during
the 2002 fire season in the Western
U.S.
Rodeo/Chediski Complex:
Largest Wildfire in Arizona’s
Recorded History
Rodeo/Chediski Complex in Arizona
Size: > 480,000 acres
Cost: > $170 million
Start Date of Rodeo Fire:
18 June 2002
Official report time by suspected
arsonist: 23:11 UTC
2303 UTC
2307 UTC
UW-Madison/CIMSS/ASPT
2315 UTC
2320 UTC
Initial detect in post-processed
GOES-11 image: 23:07 UTC
International Global Geostationary Active Fire Monitoring:
Geographical Coverage
-160
-120
GOES-W
80
-80
-40
GOES-E
0
40
80
120
MSG
160
MTSAT
60
Satellite
View Angle
80°
65°
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
Satellite
GOES-E
GOES-W
MSG
SEVIRI
(2002)
MTSAT-1R JAMI
(2003)
Spectral
Bands
Resolution
IGFOV (km)
SSR
(km)
Full Disk
Coverage
4 m Saturation
Temperature (K)
Minimum Fire Size
at Equator (at 750 K)
1 visible
4 IR
1 visible
4 IR
3 visible
1 near-IR
8 IR
1 visible
4 IR
1.0
4.0 (8)
1.0
4.0 (8)
1.6 (4.8)
4.8
4.8
0.5
2.0
0.57
2.3
0.57
2.3
1.0 (3.0)
3.0
3.0
3 hours
335 K
0.15
3 hours
????
322
0.15
15 minutes
> 335
0.22
18 minutes
~320
0.03
Overview
 The GOES WF_ABBA processing system has been providing half-hourly fire
products for the Western Hemisphere since September 2000. Made operational in
NESDIS OSDPD/SSD in August 2002.
 In the Western Hemisphere GOES WF_ABBA fire products are providing new
insights into diurnal, spatial, seasonal and interannual biomass burning activity.
 User community includes: hazards, global change, land-use land-cover change,
aerosol/pollutant monitoring and modeling, carbon cycle studies, socio-economic
and health, educational institutions, policy makers, and the general web community
 Future plans
- Implement a Rapid Scan WF_ABBA for hazards applications, with
products available within 5 minutes
- Adapt GOES WF_ABBA to GOES-9
- Adapt GOES WF_ABBA to MSG
- Adapt GOES WF_ABBA to MTSAT-1R
- Transfer global WF_ABBA to NESDIS Operations
- Participate in multi-sensor validation and intercomparison studies
- Get ready for the next generation geostationary platform (ABI)