Transcript IONIC BONDS
What are Ionic Bonds?
- Writing Compounds.
- Naming Ionic Bonds
- Writing Ionic formulas from names.
-
Bonds:
Chemical Bond – a force that holds two
atoms together
Caused by:
○ Attraction between ions
○ Attraction of a positively charged nucleus and
the negatively charged electrons of a different
atom.
Bonds:
Two Types of Bonds:
Ionic Compounds
○ A bond between two elements where electrons are
transferred from one element to another
Covalent Compounds
○ A bond between two elements where electrons are
shared between the elements
Bonds form between the valence electrons
of each atom!
Ionic Bonds:
Ionic bonds are formed between ions, and
include both a metal and a nonmetal.
Ion: a charged particle
Cation: loses one or more electrons to become
positively charged (metals)
Anion: gains one or more electrons to become
negatively charged (nonmetals)
Ionic Bonds/Compounds:
Simple Ionic Compounds are also
known as Binary Compounds
There are ONLY 2 elements present
Always a metal and a nonmetal
The elements always come from the s
and p blocks on the periodic table.
Oxidation Numbers/States:
What are the charges of each family?
Let’s Review/Practice:
Element:
Iodine
Calcium
Oxygen
Neon
Carbon
Boron
Phosphorous
Sodium
Symbol:
Oxidation Number:
Ionic Bonds: Writing Compounds
Compounds MUST be neutral
Charges MUST cancel each other
The metal (cation) ALWAYS comes first
The nonmetal (anion) ALWAYS comes second
Example:
Sodium (Na+1) and Oxygen (O -2)
○ Oxygen’s -2 charge needs to be cancelled out by
sodium’s +1 charge.
○ We will need 2 sodium ions to cancel the 1 oxygen ion.
+1 + 1 + -2 = 0 (this would be neutral)
So our compounds formula is: Na2O (2 sodiums and 1 oxygen)
Drop and Swap:
The method that is used to make
compounds out of ions.
Bring down and over the numerical value
(WITHOUT the charge sign)
Na2O
DO NOT
WRITE THE
1’S
Drop and Swap:
Subscripts MUST be at the simplest
whole number ratio
Calcium (+2) and Oxygen (-2)
Ca+2
Ca2O2
O-2
CaO
Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:
Writing Names from formulas:
1. Write out the ions (symbol and charge) for each
of the elements present
2. Drop and Swap
3. Simplify if Necessary
Strontium Oxide
Sr+2
Sr2O2
O-2
SrO
Drop and Swap Practice:
Metal
Nonmetal
Calcium
Fluorine
Barium
Sulfur
Lithium
Phosphorous
Magnesium
Oxygen
Boron
Phosphorous
Cesium
Oxygen
Drop and Swap
Form
Simplest Whole Number
Ratio Form
Naming Simple Ionic Compounds
Rules to Follow:
1. The name of the metal ALWAYS comes first
The metal’s name is the same as it is on the
periodic table
○
2. The name of the nonmetal ALWAYS comes
last
The nonmetal’s name changes.
○
The ending of the nonmetal will change to “ide”
Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:
1. The name of the metal ALWAYS comes first
The metal’s name is the same as it is on the periodic table
○
2. The name of the nonmetal ALWAYS comes last
The nonmetal’s name changes.
○
The ending of the nonmetal will change to “ide”
Na2O
Name the metal directly (rule 1): Sodium
Change the ending of the nonmetal (rule 2): oxide
Sodium Oxide
Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:
1. The name of the metal ALWAYS comes first
The metal’s name is the same as it is on the periodic table
○
2. The name of the nonmetal ALWAYS comes last
The nonmetal’s name changes.
○
The ending of the nonmetal will change to “ide”
CaCl2
Name the metal directly (rule 1): Calcium
Change the ending of the nonmetal (rule 2): chloride
Calcium Chloride
Naming Simple Ionic Compounds:
Simple Ionic
Compound
Formula
KF
Al2O3
CaBr2
Li3P
Li2S
Ionic Compound Name