Transcript LHCf Status Report - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

LHCf Status Report
Measurement of Photons and Neutral Pions in the Very
Forward Region of LHC
Frascati, CSN1, 26 Giugno 2007
Oscar Adriani
INFN Sezione di Firenze - Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università degli Studi di Firenze
The direct measurement of the p production cross section as function of pT is
essential to correctly estimate the energy of the primary cosmic rays
(LHC: 1017 eV)
Simulation of an atmospheric
shower due to a 1019 eV proton.
Experimental Method:
2 independent detectors on both sides of IP
Detector I
Tungsten
Scintillator
Scintillating fibers
Detector II
Tungsten
Scintillator
Silicon mstrips
INTERACTION POINT
140 m
140 m
Beam line
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
We use LHC style
electronics and readout
Detector # 2
4 pairs of silicon microstrip layers
(6, 12, 30, 42 r.l.) for tracking purpose
(X and Y)  impact point
2 towers 24 cm long stacked on
their edges and offset from one
another
Lower:2.5 cm x 2.5 cm
Upper: 3.2 cm x 3.2 cm
q < 400 mrad
16 scintillator layers
(3 mm thick)
Trigger and energy
profile measurements
Energy
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
Absorber
22 tungsten layers 7mm thick 
44 X0 (1.6 lI) in total
(W: X0 = 3.5mm, RM = 9mm)
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Performances of the LHCf Detector
Measured at the SPS
Beam Test in 2004
SciFi Position Resolution
Energy Resolution
LHCf can measure (and provide to
LHC) the center of neutral flux
from the collisions
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
If the center of the
neutral flux hits LHCf
 << 1 mm resolution
Oscar Adriani
p0 mass resolution
2 g identified in the 2 towers
Arm #1
DE/E=5%
200 mm spatial resolution
Dm/m = 5%
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Monte Carlo g ray energy spectrum
(5% Energy resolution is taken into account)
106 generated LHC interactions 
1 minute exposure @1029 cm-2s-1 luminosity
Discrimination between various models is
feasible
Quantitative
discrimination
with the help of a
properly defined c2
discriminating
variable based on
the spectrum shape
(see TDR for
details)
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Where are we with the detectors?
Where we are with Arm1?
Arm1 was fully assembled in Japan in July 2006
(scintillators + fibers + Tungsten) and fully tested at
CERN in August 2006 beam test
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Where we are with Arm2?
o
o
Arm2 was partially assembled in
Florence in July 2006 and
brought to CERN for the Beam
Test of August 2006
Arm2 was fully assembled in
Florence in April 2007
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Front Counter
(Both for Arm1&2)
read by a MAPMT
R7600U-00-M4
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
The mechanics of the module
25 mm
Light Guides
+
Scintillators
Hybrid circuit
Pace Chips
Silicon sensor
SiliconX SiliconY
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
Kapton fanout
Tungsten
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Readout electronics
LHC style electronics
(Many thanks to CMS!!!!)
DOH
CCU
PLL
DCU
…
PACE3 chips (CMS preshower)
100
Mbit
Optical
Link
We have developed
•Hybrid circuit (Left+Right)
•Mother Board (Logic)
•Adc Piggy Back board
DAQ:
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
100 Mbit/s optical link
VME Readout
Oscar Adriani
Now the real installation in LHC…
The idea is that installation takes place in 2 steps:
Pre-installation
Final installation
In between the 2 installation the baking out of the beam
pipe will be done (200 oC), so the detectors should be
removed
Pre-Installation dates have been fixed in Fall 2006
– LSS1L (Arm1)
o 8/01/2007 to 26/01/2007  FINISHED!
– LSS1R (Arm2)
o 23/04/2007 to 11/05/2007  FINISHED
The dates for the final installation are still under discussion
(after the beam test in August/September, may be beginning
of 2008?)
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Before pre-installation a long preparatory job has been
necessary:
– Modifications of the TAN
– Transport machine / Fork lift
– Cables and fibers from USA15 to tunnel
o Most of the control electronics and all the power supply
system are located in the USA15 Atlas control room
o > 200 m distance!!!
o All the necessary cables have been pulled (~100 cables!!!)
o All the connectors have been mounted
o All the optical fibers have been installed
– Electronic racks in USA15
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
TAN slot before and after CU bar removal
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Arm1 pre-installation
From 8/01/2007 to 26/01/2007
No major problems came out
Cables  OK
Transport and installation  OK
Laser calibration  OK
Power supply from USA15  OK
Manipulator and movements  OK
Arm1 was dismounted at the end
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Transport and insertion in the TAN
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
LHCf Arm 1 – Installation completed
within 15 minutes!
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Arm2 pre-installation
From 23/04/2007 to 11/05/2007
No major problems came out
Quartz fibre for calibration is damaged
 should be replaced
Cables  OK
Transport and installation  OK
Laser calibration
 OK locally
 TBD from remote
Power supply from USA15  OK
Manipulator and movements  OK
No interference with BRAN
Arm2 was dismounted at the end
Explicit request from TS/LEA: Speed up the cabling connection time!
Some work is in progress for this (Splitter box, Distribution board)
A
‘second
pre-installation’
is
foreseen
in
Autumn
Oscar Adriani
LHCf Status Report
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Readout and control scheme for Arm2 Silicon
~ 240 m
USA15
TAN
Arm2
VME Crate
Multimode Optical Fibers
Monomode Optical Fibers
DOH
MB + ADC
Control PC
Thermistors
TSC+FEC
Power
Signal +
Control
Thermistors
Power Supply
High Voltage
High Current Cables
Sense wires
Splitter
Box
Distribution
Board
High Voltage
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
General LHCf DAQ scheme
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Rack Allocation
in USA15
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
What do we have to do?
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Final commissioning of the electronics (modifications to the
logic, complete the PCBs, distribution board etc.)
Installation of the new splitter box in the tunnel
Some work in USA15 and TAN region to speed up the
interconnection time
Final DAQ software common with Japan people
Monitoring program
Test beam with final apparatus (August 24, September 11)
Second pre-installation to test the modifications done after the
first pre-installation
Final installation: schedule is under discussion (December?
January 2008?)
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Milestones dei preventivi 2007
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28/02/2007
– completamento dei moduli al silicio  FATTO!
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30/06/2007
– Preinstallazione e commissioning di LHCf nella
TAN compatibilmente con le tempistiche della
macchina  FATTO!
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31/12/2007
– Installazione finale e presa dati a bassa energia
compatibilmente con la macchina
 Installazione prevista per la fine dell’anno (inizio 2008?)
 presa dati sicuramente NO!
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
2007 Test Beam
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3 settimane di Test Beam (24/08 – 11/09)
SPS H4
Scopo:
– Calibrazione assoluta in energia di Arm1 & Arm2
utilizzando più energie possibili per gli elettroni (50
GeV – 250 GeV)
– MIsura di DE/E per protoni
– Misura congiunta LHCf-BRAN (ultimi giorni di
test LHCf – Primi giorni di test BRAN)
– MIsura diretta di produzione p0 con target leggero?
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Money….
Per questo lascio la parola ai referee…
Ma prima un breve commento:
Principale problema riscontrato per il controllo dei costi:
Mancanza di stime precise per le spese necessarie per
l’installazione.
I lavori vengono svolti da ditte esterne sotto il controllo della
divisione TS
I costi preventivati normalmente non vengono rispettati
(difficoltà nell’installazione, allarmi di evacuazione nel
tunnel, extra costi ….)
Continua ‘negoziazione’ per l’accettazione e la ripartizione
delle spese tra i vari utenti (Atlas, LHCf, CERN)
2006: Problema del costo aggiuntivo dei cavi
2007: Problema del costo aggiuntivo delle fibre
2008: Speriamo nessun problema!!!!
Necessità di un accordo ‘ufficiale’ con Atlas e il Cern per le
spese per gli anni futuri?
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Back up Slides
Detector #1
2 towers ~24 cm long
stacked vertically with 5
mm gap
Lower:2 cm x 2 cm area
Impact point (h)
4 pairs of scintillating fiber
layers for tracking purpose
(6, 10, 30, 42 r.l.)
Upper: 4 cm x 4 cm area
Absorber
22 tungsten layers 7mm thick 
44 X0 (1.6 lI) in total
(W: X0 = 3.5mm, RM = 9mm)
q < 300 mrad
16 scintillator layers (3
mm thick)
Energy
Trigger and energy
profile measurements
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Energy spectrum of π0 expected from different models
(Typical energy resolution of g is 3 % at 1TeV)
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Clear CR signal separation
(20ADC by 2249W ~ 5pC)
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Model dependence of neutron energy distribution
Original n energy
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
30% energy resolution
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
Installation of the detectors in the TAN absorbers at 140m
from IP1
LHCf
96 mm
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
The LHCf operation in LHC
Optimal LHCf run conditions
Beam parameter
Value
Beam parameters used for
commissioning are good for
LHCf!!!
# of bunches
≤ 43
Bunch separation
> 2 msec
Crossing angle
0 rad
140 mrad downward
Luminosity per
bunch
< 2 x 1028 cm-2s-1
Luminosity
≤ ~1030 cm-2s-1
Bunch intensity
4x1010 ppb (b*=18 m)
1x1010 ppb (b*= 1 m)
No radiation problem for 10kGy by a “year” operation with this luminosity
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
From R. Bailey presentation at January 2007 TAN workshop
Optimal conditions for LHCf running!
Stage 1
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani
LHCf proposed running scenario
 Phase-I
 Run since the very beginning of LHC operations
(Stage 1, 43 bunches)
 Remove the detector for radiation issues when the
machine goes to the Stage II (luminosity reaches
1031cm-2s-1) and reinstall the 3 Cu bars
 Phase-II
 Re-install the detector at the next opportunity of low
luminosity run after removal of Cu bars (Totem
dedicated runs? Possible LHCf dedicated runs?)
 Phase-III
 Future extension for p-A, A-A run with upgraded
detectors?
We are continously in touch with Machine and ATLAS peoples
to agree on detailed running scenario
Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1
LHCf Status Report
Oscar Adriani