Transcript PowerPoint プレゼンテーション

Status report di LHCf
O. Adriani
Catania, CSN1, 3 Luglio 2006
• Un po’ di storia
–
Technical report
TDR
Approvazione di LHCC
• Struttura finale del rivelatore
• Prossimi passi
• Situazione finanziaria
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Letter Of Intent: May 2004
Technical report: September 2005
Technical Design Report: February 2006
LHCC October 2005 comments:
•The physics goals are worthwhile and the proposed experiment appears suited to achieve them
•A few key issues require immediate consideration, and documentation in the update of the TP:
•establish official contact with the relevant structures in the AT/AB departments,
as well as in ATLAS etc…
•appoint a technical coordinator (possibly located at CERN?)
•consider and document safety issues
•On the other hand: the TP is not sufficiently detailed and fails to provide a solid and
compelling evidence that the above expectations are justified
TDR was released to answer to these questions
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
LHCf Technical Design Report
CERN-LHCC-2006-004
LHCF-TDR-001
7 February 2006
Measurement of Photons and Neutral Pions in the
Very Forward Region of LHC
O. Adriani(1), L. Bonechi(1), M. Bongi(1), R. D’Alessandro(1),
D.A. Faus(2), M. Haguenauer(3), Y. Itow (4), K. Kasahara(5), K.
Masuda(4), Y. Matsubara(4), H. Menjo(4), Y. Muraki(4), P.
Papini(1), T. Sako(4), T. Tamura(6), S. Torii(7), A. Tricomi(8),
W.C. Turner(9), J. Velasco(2) , K. Yoshida(6)
The LHCf collaboration
(1) INFN Firenze, Univ. di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
(2) IFIC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UVEG, Valencia, Spain
(3) Ecole-Polytechnique, Paris, France
(4) STE laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
(5) Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan
(6) Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Japan
(7) RISE, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan
(8) INFN Catania, Univ. di Catania, Catania, Italy
(9) LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
• TDR was presented in the March 2006 LHCC Open Session
• LHCC discussed TDR in the Closed sessions of March and May 2006
• ‘The LHCC reccomends the LHCf TDR for approval’ (Cern/LHCC 2006025/G-116, 7 June 2006)
To minimize the impact of LHCf on LHC commissioning the following conditions have been defined
in agreement with the LHC commissioning working group:
• LHCf is installed during scheduled stops before the pilot physics run.
• LHCf detectors will not move.
• No particular requirements on beam conditions and no beam steering for LHCf will be
requested.
• It is possible to remove LHCf within a day and to schedule this such that no extra
downtime for the machine is required.
• It should be possible for the machine group to perform tests with crossing angles up to
±200 μrad and orbit offsets up to 1 mm at the IP without constraint from LHCf.
The final details of the installation and operation schedule will be reviewed at a later stage, once
the overall schedule and planning of the commissioning run will have been finalized.
Despite the technical limitations of the proposed detectors, as outlined in Section 3 the LHCC
finds the technologies adopted for the various components of the LHCf experiment adequate to
achieve the physics goals stated in the Technical Proposal and congratulates the LHCf
Collaboration for the effort, which went into the preparations for this document. The LHCC
recommends the LHCf TDR for approval.
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Development of atmospheric
showers
Simulation of an
atmospheric shower due
to a 1019 eV proton.
• The dominant contribution to the energy flux is in the very forward region
(  0)
• In this forward region the highest energy available measurements of p0
cross section were done by UA7 (E=1014 eV, y = 5÷7)
The direct measurement of the p production cross section as
function of pT is essential to correctly estimate the energy of
the primary cosmic rays (LHC: 1017 eV)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Experimental Method:
2 independent detectors on both sides of IP
Detector I
Tungsten
Scintillator
Scintillating fibers
Detector II
Tungsten
Scintillator
Silicon mstrips
INTERACTION POINT
140 m
140 m
Beam line
1. Redundancy
2. Background rejection (especially beam-gas)
IP1 (Atlas region) was definitely chosen in October 2005
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
The TAN and LHCf
box ~ (15×15×40) cm3
manipulator
marble
shielding
boxes for
DAQ electronic
IP1 (Atlas region) was definitely chosen in October 2005
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
ARM #1 detector
scintillating fibers
tungsten layers
- 2 towers (2.02.0cm2 and 4.04.0 cm2)
• ~47 r.l. (22  2.1 r.l. tungsten layers)
Energy
• 16 scintillator layers (3 mm thick)
- 4 pairs of scintillating fiber layers for tracking purpose
(two orthogonal directions)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
scintillators
Impact point (h)
O. Adriani
We used LHC style
electronics and readout
silicon layers
ARM #2 detector
- 2 towers (2.52.5cm2 and 3.53.5 cm2)
• 44 r.l. (22  2 r.l. tungsten layers)
• 16 scintillator layers (3 mm thick)
- 4 pairs of silicon microstrip layers for
tracking purpose (X and Y directions)
Energy
Impact point (h)
See TDR for details…
scintillators
tungsten layers
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Detector #2 (Old geometry)
Silicon
W+
Sci
4 cm
6.4 cm
6.4 cm
3 cm
2 cm
Beam
center
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Transverse projection
of detector #2 in the TAN slot
Maximization of the acceptance in R (distance from beam center)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
25 mm
The mechanics of the module
Light Guides
+
Scintillators
Pace Chips
Silicon sensor
SiliconX SiliconY
3 Luglio 2006
Hybrid circuit
Kapton fanout
Tungsten
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Readout electronics
LHC style electronics
(Many thanks to CMS!!!!)
DOH
GOL
CCU
PLL
QPLL
…
PACE3 chips (CMS preshower)
We have developed
•Hybrid circuit (Left+Right)
•Mother Board (Logic)
•Adc Piggy Back board
DAQ: GOL + Gbit ethernet
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
LHCf physics measurements
1.
2.
Single photon spectrum
p0 fully reconstructed (1 g in each tower)
p0 reconstruction is an important tool for energy
calibration (p0 mass constraint)
•
•
•
•
Basic concept:
minimum 2 towers (p0 reconstruction)
Smallest tower on the beam (multiple hits)
Dimension of the tower  Moliere radius
Maximum acceptance (given the LHC constraints)
Simulation is used to understand the physics performances
Beam test in Summer 2004 (Energy resolution)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Development of showers in Arm #2
E γ= 500 GeV
Fluka based
simulation
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Position resolution of Arm #2 calorimeter
7 mm for 1.8 TeV photons
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Monte Carlo g ray energy spectrum
(5% Energy resolution is taken into account)
106 generated LHC interactions 
1 minute exposure@1029 cm-2s-1 luminosity
Discrimination between various models is feasible
Quantitative
discrimination with
the help of a
properly defined c2
discriminating
variable based on the
spectrum shape
(see TDR for details)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Energy spectrum of π0 expected from different models
(Typical energy resolution of g is 3 % at 1TeV)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Model dependence of neutron energy distribution
Original n energy
3 Luglio 2006
30% energy resolution
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Estimation of the background
• beam-beam pipe
 answered (on Nov.16),
E γ(signal) > 200 GeV, OK
background < 1%
(see details in TDR)
• beam-gas
 answered (on Nov.16)
It depends on the beam condition
background < 1% (under 10-10 Torr)
(see details in TDR)
• beam halo-beam pipe
 It has been newly estimated from the beam loss rate
Background < 10% (conservative value)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
(see details in TDR)
O. Adriani
Background from the beam pipe
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Support from CERN for Integration
We had (and we will have!) continuous meetings with CERN teams
•General : TS/LEA
•Integration: TS/IC
•Cabling: TS/EL
•Cooling: TS/CV
Technical coordinator
•Survey (cabling): TS/SU
•Safety: SG
•Radiation protection: SC/RP
•ATLAS, BRAN, ZDC teams
Engineering Change Request (ECR) has been
submitted and approved:
•Machine people are well informed about LHCf
•No problems foreseen for the LHCf installation at the LHC startup
•Main item to be discussed is the BRAN (LUMI) interference (see later)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Installation plan
A detailed installation plan has been agreed with TS/LEA
Arm #1: 128 days from May 2006 to November 2006
•Cables tray  Done
•Cables
•Detector
•Manipulator
•Electronics
•Tests
Arm #2: 210 days from May 2006 to February 2007, similar to #1
LHCf Arm #1 and #2 will be ready to
take the first LHC data…..
(Beam test of the complete Arm #1 and part of the
Arm #2 is foreseen August 28th, September 3rd at SPS)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
LHCf and LUMI monitor (BRAN)
LUMI monitor (BRAN) inside TAN is beyond LHCf (replacing 4th copper bar)
IP1
Cu Bar / ZDC
LHCf
Lumi
Cu Bar / ZDC
LHCf
Lumi
LHCf  44 X0 thickness
But the thickness is not uniform (diamond shaped towers, no material outside towers)
LUMI Monitor see different thickness of material in different geometrical regions 
• different response as function of the impact point position (calibration is required)
• reduction of the number of neutral particles hitting BRAN
• possible dependence of the detector response as function of the beam position?
Result:
 If beam displacement is < a few mm, difference is < 10%
 LHCf itself can provide the center of neutral flux
 LHCf can give some info on Luminosity measurement
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Optimal LHCf run conditions
Beam
parameter
Value
# of bunches
≤ 43
Bunch
separation
> 2 msec
Crossing angle
0
rad
140 mrad downward
Luminosity per
bunch
< 2 x 1028 cm-2s-1
Luminosity
< 0.8 x 1030 cm-2s-1
• Beam parameters used
for commissioning are
good for LHCf!!!
Bunch intensity 4x1010 ppb (b*=18m)
1x1010 ppb (b*= 1m)
( No radiation problem for 10kGy by a “year” operation with this luminosity )
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
LHCf possible running scenario
• Phase-I
– Parasite running during the early stage of LHC
commissioning in 2007 (450+450 TeV) and in 2008
(7+7 TeV)
– Remove the detector when luminosity reaches
1030cm-2s-1 level for radiation reason and reinstall
the 3 Cu bars (no activation problems)
• Phase-II
– Re-install the detector at the next opportunity of
low luminosity run after removal of Cu bars
(activated to 10-1 mSv/hr, manipulator?)
• Phase-III
– Future extension for p-A, A-A run with upgraded
detectors.
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Status of the silicon part
Detector side
Silicon sensors
In our hands
Preamplifiers (PACE3, Low cost solution)
In our hands
Kapton fanouts and pitch adapters
50% in our hands
50% in production
Hybrid circuits
First prototype ‘Left’ in our hands
Final prototype in production
Mechanics
In production in the Florence workshop
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Status of the silicon part
Electronic side
All service chips from CMS
in our hands
Adc Boards
Prototype in our hands
Mother board (Logic)
Protoype in our hand
DAQ
Standard Gbit ethernet foreseen
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
The hybrid and the cables
PACE3
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
The readout and ADC boards
ADC
CCUM
QPLL
PLL
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Beam test (SPS August 2006)
First module assembly for the beam test is under way
 INFN Milestone!!!!
We have everything in our hands to start assembly
Japan people will come in Florence on August 1th to integrate
the Arm #2 calorimeter and the silicon module
Final production
If test beam will be OK the remaining modules will be produced
before the end of the 2006
Ready for installation in February 2007 according to the LHC
Schedule (and to INFN Milestones)
Commissioning of the detector in February 2007 inside the TAN
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
E ora i soldi… (in italiano!)
Assegnazioni a settembre 2005 (escluse missioni + trasporti):
Consumo:
15 k€ + 8 k€ SJ
Apparati:
64 k€ + 5 k€ SJ
Inventariabile:
0 k€ + 12 k€ SJ
Motivazioni Sub Judice:
Consumo:
‘Assegnazione complessiva meccanica, elettronica e sviluppi…’
Apparati:
‘Necessita definizione finale preamplificatori’
Inventariabile: ‘Possibilità di reperire ADC’
Sblocco Sub Judice:
Dato che l’esperimento è stato approvato ed in fase di avanzata costruzione si chiede
lo sblocco del Sub Judice per le voci di:
Consumo (8 k€);
Apparati (5 k€): per i preamplificatori è stata definitivamente adottata la soluzione
‘Low Cost’ (PACE3).
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Resoconto delle spese preventivate
sostenute finora
Il preventivo delle spese preventivate preparato a luglio 2006 è stato rispettato
completamente.
Le voci di spesa preventivate più rilevanti sono state:
•Silici
•Preamplificatori
•Circuiti ibridi e fanout di Kapton
•Schede ADC
•Schede ReadOut
Per queste voci era stata assegnata una cifra complessiva (incluso il Sub Judice di cui si è
chiesto lo sblocco) di 88 k€, ripartita tra consumo (19 k€ ) e apparati (69 k€).
Le spese già effettuate e previste nei prossimi mesi per queste voci sono risultate di 86 k€
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Spese non previste e richieste aggiuntive
Esigenze non previste precedentemente ai preventivi INFN del luglio 2005 dovute a richieste del personale CERN
(TS/LEA, LHC) e a decisioni di LHCC
1.
Non è possibile installare gli alimentatori nella zona del tunnel vicino all’area sperimentale (Counting Room USA15 di
Atlas, a circa 200 m dalla zona sperimentale)
 acquisto di cavi in quantità rilevante (complessivamente oltre 20 km di cavi);
 la loro stesura nel tunnel di LHC.
2.
Installazione e modifica delle infrastrutture nella zona della TAN
 installazione di prese per 220 V;
 foratura della TAN per l’interfaccia meccanica di LHCf;
 modifica della documentazione CERN esistente per tenere conto dell’installazione di LHCf;
 studio della necessità di un sistema di raffreddamento ad acqua
Costi previsti:
Cavi:
Stesura dei cavi nel tunnel:
Installazione prese 220 V:
Foratura TAN:
Modifica della documentazione:
Studio del cooling:
Totale
23 k€
22 k€
2.5 k€
0.5 k€
1 k€
1 k€
50 k€
Spese effettuate attraverso il CERN (materiale di magazzino e lavori pagati alle divisioni di supporto per gli esperimenti)
Ripartizione al 50% tra Giappone (25 k€)e Italia (25 k€)
Si richiede la corrispondente assegnazione all’INFN (25 k€) sotto il capitolo ‘Costruzione
apparati’, ripartita tra lo sblocco del Sub Judice di Inventariabile (12 k€) e una nuova
assegnazione (13 k€)
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Spares
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Xmax(g/cm2)
Main problems in
High Energy Cosmic Rays (E>1015eV)
1. Composition
2. Spectrum / GZK Cutoff
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
Energy (eV)
O. Adriani
Some runs with LHCf vertically shifted few cm
Single
g
geometrical
acceptance
will allow to cover the whole kinematical range
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
p0 geometrical
acceptance
Arm #2
Arm #1
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
p0 mass resolution
Arm #1
DE/E=5%
200 mm spatial resolution
Dm/m = 5%
3 Luglio 2006
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
BRAN response vs beam position (2)
Relative change of the reduction factors for BRAN with respect to the
nominal value (center of the beam: nominal one)
If the position of beam center stays within a few mm
from the beam-pipe center, the reduction factors do
not change more than 10%
Arm #1
Arm #2
1 x 1
cm2
3 Luglio 2006
1 x 1
cm2
H.Menjo
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani
Determination of neutral flux center by LHCf
LHCf can measure (and provide to LHC) the center
of neutral flux from the collisions
particles
Position sensitive layers
Beam test result
If the center of the
neutral flux hits LHCf
 << 1 mm resolution
3 Luglio 2006
s ~ 200mm
LHCf – CSN1 Catania
O. Adriani