Transcript TITLE

ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICTs) IN CLIMATE
CHANGE AWARENESS IN SEKE AND MUREWA DISTRICTS OF
ZIMBABWE
Shakespear Mudombi
DTEC: AGRICULTURE
Supervisors:
Prof M Muchie and Dr S Letsaolo
SARChI-IERI Research Workshop, 12th November 2011
IERI, Pretoria, South Africa
Introduction
• For meaningful adaptation to and mitigation of
climate change,
– Information and knowledge - essential
• If rural households, communities have access to
information,
– it will enhance their awareness; adaptation and
mitigation capacity
• How do we enhance climate change awareness?
• There are various ways in which technologies both old and
new can help in reducing the negative effects of climate
change.
Introduction..
• ICTs can play an important role as a medium of
information and communication in climate
change awareness; adaptation and mitigation
strategies.
• Information and Communication Technologies
(ICTs)
– is used to refer to hardware, software, networks and
media for collection, storage, processing, transmission
and presentation of information in the formats of
voice, data, text and images (World Bank (n.d.) ;
Nyirenda-Jere, 2010).
ICTs application categories in the Environmental & Climate sector
Source: ITU (2008)
Literature review
• No concrete literature on the link between ICTs and
climate change
– New field of enquiry
• 3 distinctive strands of research on the links between
ICTs and climate change.
– Global perspective
• research that addresses broad issues concerning ICTs,
sustainable development and the environment from.
– Developed countries' priorities
• the emergence of more topic-specific and technical research
covering aspects of climate change mitigation
– Developing countries’ needs and priorities Research
• emerging evidence on the use of ICT applications in vulnerable
contexts and adaptation strategies of developing countries (Ospina
and Heeks, 2010)
Questions, objectives & hypothesis
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
•
Are rural people aware of climate change? If so how much of this awareness do they attribute to ICTs?
•
What is the relationship between access to ICTs and climate change awareness?
•
How does climate change awareness influence the rural households’ ability to adapt to climate change?
•
What are other sources of information regarding climate change that are available to rural people?
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The main objective of the study is to analyse the contribution of ICTs in climate change awareness in rural
Zimbabwe.
Specific objectives:
•
To determine the level of awareness of rural people to climate change.
•
To analyse the availability of and access to ICTs by rural people.
•
To analyse the contribution of ICTs in informing rural people about climate change.
•
To investigate the linkage between climate change awareness and the ability of the household to adapt to
climate change.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
•
There are significant differences in access to ICTs between rural people in the two districts.
•
There is a positive relationship between access to ICTs and awareness of climate change amongst rural
households.
•
There is a significant association between rural people’ perceptions of ICTs/ its content and the reception
of such information.
Conceptual Framework: Climate change information and communication
processes in the livelihoods framework
Duncombe (2006)
- ICT applications for poverty
reduction via micro-enterprise in
Botswana.
Sife, Kiondo, & Lyimo-Macha
(2010)
-The contribution of mobile phones to
rural livelihoods in Morogoro region of
Tanzania.
Source: Adapted from Duncombe (2006) who adapted it the information chain by Heeks
(1999)
Research Methods- Study area
•Zimbabwe has:
• 10 provinces
• 11 634 663 people
•Mashonaland East province
•total population - 1 127 413
people.
•total number of households 309 198.
•11 districts
•2 districts were selected
purposively (Seke and Murewa)
Mash East Province
Research Methods...
• A multi-stage sampling approach was used.
• The data collection was conducted from May to August 2011.
• The sample size - 300
– 150 respondents were selected from each of the two districts.
• Several steps were taken to ensure/ improve reliability and validity of
the instruments, these include:
– validating the instrument (other experts in the field will be
consulted to evaluate consistency of the instrument with the
desired outcome);
– piloting the instruments with a small representative group of the
population
– training of research assistants in data collection and entry
– data cleansing (checking entered data for errors)
Reliability & Validity of instruments
• Data handling and analytical packages
– SPSS and STATA.
• Various analytical tools were used,
– descriptive statistics; correlation analysis; and regression analysis.
• Gender disaggregated sample
• female-headed- 32.1%
• male-headed- 67.9%
Average age (years)
Average household size
Murewa Seke
53.44 51.01
5.79
5.78
•
Preliminary
results
Aware of climate change
Seke
Murewa
Combined
T-test results
Aware of climate
change (Yes)
78.5%
94%
86.3%
0.0000***
Climate change
awareness index
0.48
0.59
0.54
0.0028***
• ICT knowledge & Ownership
ICT
Radio
Know %
Own %
Murewa Seke Total
Murewa Seke
Total
98.7 97.3
98
77.9
71.8 74.8
Television
Satellite decoder
86.7
65.3
92.6
60.4
89.6
62.9
40.7
8
51.7
13.4
46.2
10.7
Video Cassette Recorder
Digital Video Disc player
63.3
65.3
61.1
60.1
62.2
62.7
8
15.3
14.8
14.1
11.4
14.7
Fixed Telephone
Mobile phone
76
94.7
65.8
95.3
70.9
95
2
70.7
2
85.2
2
77.9
Computer
Internet connection
65.3
52
60.4
45
62.9
48.5
2
1.3
4.7
2.7
3.3
2
Correlation & Regression results
Correlation Analysis
Variable
Coefficient
Logistic regression
2-tailed sig. level Odds Ratio Sig. level
Radio ownership
Television ownership
Satellite decoder ownership
0.2065
0.041
0.0451
0.0004***
0.4819
0.4383
3.4226
0.2915
0.7651
0.003***
0.009***
0.776
Video Cassette Recorder ownership
Digital Video Disc player ownership
Mobile phone ownership
0.1178
0.0815
0.181
0.0419**
0.1596
0.0018***
11.4425
1.8946
1.8269
0.185
0.48
0.011**
Computer ownership
-0.0534
0.3584
0.144
0.14
Internet connection
0.0468
0.422
Newspapers
Farming/environmental magazines
Business magazines
Entertainment magazines
church magazines
Posters
0.0294
0.1408
0.0771
0.0731
0.0749
0.004
0.6139
0.0150**
0.1836
0.2073
0.1966
0.9459
0.8841
1.6723
0.8754
1.0247
1.0242
0.7907
0.456
0.022**
0.657
0.93
0.867
0.108
Project GANTT chart
Thank you
Contact
Institute for Economic Research on Innovation
Tshwane University of Technology
159 Skinner Street, Pretoria, 0001. South Africa
[email protected]
Supervisors:
Prof M Muchie and Dr S Letsaolo