Transcript Unit 10 Saying Goodbye

Unit 10
Saying Goodbye
张宁宁
全国成人高等教育规划教材
英语 4
（非英语专业专科用）
Menu
Pre-reading
Background
information
While-reading
Vocabulary
Language
points
Grammar Focus
Post-reading
Blank filling
Translation
Discussion
writing
Introductory remarks of the passage
 It’s quite popular now for the soon-to=be
graduates to gather together, chatting while
drinking and eating for hours in a restaurant.
This is the way many students choose to enjoy
their last moments at college. While recalling the
leisurely days they had in the previous years at
the university, they feel very sad departing and
some are uncertain about their future.
Back
Integrated skills development
 Main words:
 1. graduate
 vt.授予学位, 准予毕业;(在表、计、尺上)刻[分]度;
 a ruler graduated in centimeters
 刻度为厘米的尺
 The university must graduate more science
students.
 该大学要有更多的理科学生毕业。
 He was [has been] graduated from Oxford in the
class of 1978. 他是牛津大学1978届毕业生。
2. drown
 vt.把...淹死; 淹没; 消除(忧愁等); 使沉溺于; 使迷恋(in);搀
淡
 be [get] drowned 淹死, 溺死
 drown oneself 投水(自杀)
 eyes drowned in tears 泪汪汪的眼晴
 drown one's cares in wine 以酒解忧
 be drowned in fishing
对钓鱼入迷了
 The cheers of the audience drowned the professor's
voice.
 听众的欢呼声淹没了这位教授的声音。
 Don't drown my whisky.
 不要在我的威士忌酒里加太多的水。
3. sorrow
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悲痛; 忧伤; 遗憾; 惋惜; 悔恨
不幸; 魔鬼 伤心事
悲哀的原因; 伤心的原故
the Man of Sorrows
耶稣
the muscle sorrow
[苏]魔鬼
cause much sorrow to
使...非常伤心; 给...造成许多烦恼
express one's sorrow for one's mistake
对错误表示遗憾
share one's joys and sorrows
与某人苦乐与共
4. alcohol
n.酒精, 酒
absolute alcohol
无水酒精, 纯酒精
wood alcohol
甲醇, 木醇
5. chat
 n.闲谈, 聊天; 非正式谈话
 have a chat with
 与...闲 聊
 They dropped in for a chat last night.
 他们昨晚顺便来闲聊了一会儿。
 chat show
 (电台或电视台的)现场采访节目
 chat sb. up
 同某人闲谈以取得好感[信任]
6. depressed
adj.忧伤的,抑郁的,消沉的;
压下的,降低的; 萧条的
depressed areas
贫困地区
His reading achievement is depressed.
他的阅读能力低于一般水平。
7. polishing
 n.(大理石雕像, 铜版等)
 磨[抛, 擦, 打]光, 磨料
 cup polishing
 抛光笔
 oil polishing
 油的滤清(脱臭和冷却后的过滤), 油的精加工
 rice polishing
糠
8. printing
 n.印刷, 印刷术[业、品]; [pl. ]供印刷用的纸;书的一
次印数; 版数
 印刷字体
 printing and dyeing 印染
 printing house
印刷厂
 printing ink
(印刷)油墨
 printing machine
印刷机
 printing office
印刷所
 printing press (电动)印刷机, 印刷厂
9. draft
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n.草稿, 草案, 草图
vt.起草, 为...打样, 设计
v.草拟
a draft for [of] a speech 讲话底稿
a rough draft
草稿
the first draft
初稿
a draft system
征兵制
a draft for 100 yuan on the bank 一张向银行支取100元的汇票
a demand draft
即期汇票
drink off at a draft 一饮而尽
a draft of air
一阵风
stand in a draft
站在通风处
a ship with a draft of 25 feet
吃水二十五英尺的船
10. explanation
 解释, 说明; 注释;辩解[明];(为消除彼此误会或分歧等的)交
谈
 notes in explanation 注解
 oral explanation
口头说明
 supplementary explanation 补充说明事项
 explanation of symbols
符号注解, 符号凡例说明
 come to an explanation with sb.
 与人交谈后消除了误会
 in explanation of
 解释
11. gather
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集合, 聚集, 搜集;逐渐获得[加快]; 推断[测]; 打皱;吸引, 唤起注意
gather crops
收庄稼
gather flowers 采花
gather information [experience] 逐渐获得消息[积累经验]
gather strength 恢复体力
gather taxes 收税
gather one's brows 皱眉
The train gathered speed as it left
the station.
火车离站时, 速度逐渐加快。
What did you gather from his statement?
你推想他的声明是什么意思?
12. immaturity
n. 未成熟, 粗糙,未臻完美
Immature adj.
未成熟的, 未发育完全的, 幼年的, 未成年
的
未完成的, 不完全的
粗糙的, 生硬的
Immaturely adv.
Immatureness n.
13. independent
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独立的; 不愿受约束的; 不依赖他人为生的; 单独的
[Independent ]【宗】独立派的
【语】主要的
【数】无关的; 独立的
an independent thinker 独立思考者; 有独特见解的思想家
independent country
独立的国家
independent variable
自变数
an independent clause
(主从复合句中的)主句
be independent of one's parents
不依赖父母而自立
They went camping so as to be independent of hotels.
他们去露营, 免得住旅馆。
14. treasure
n.金银财宝, 珍宝, 财产; 财富; 珍藏
被珍爱的人[物]; 珍品
art treasures
艺术珍品
my treasure
我的宝贝儿(尤指孩子)
spend blood and treasure
牺牲生命和财产
15. loneliness
Lonely adj.孤独的;寂莫的;人迹少的;荒凉的
Lonely adv.
Loneliness n.
lone hand
the L-star state
孤星州(得克萨斯州的别称)
16. accept
 vt.接受[收], 领受; 承受(责任); 接纳, 接待; (默默地)
忍受; 理解, 了解
 【商】承兑, 认付(汇票等)
 验收(合格)
 accept the situation 听天由命
 accept an office
承担一个职务
 accept a note
承兑票据
 accept...as [to be] ...
 把...当作...; 认为...是...
17. reality
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n.逼真, 真实; 事实; 现实性;【哲】现实; 实在
describe a scene with reality 逼真地描写情景
bring sb. back to reality
使某人面对现实, 不再抱有幻想
in reality 事实上, 实际上, 其实
make sth. a reality 实现某事, 落实
Ultimate R主宰一切的最高权力(在基督教中
指上帝)
reality of law
【律】财产法, 物权法
18. regret
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(regretted; regretting) 遗憾, 惋惜; 抱歉; 悔恨, 懊悔; 悼念, 哀悼; 怀念
I regret (to say) that..
我很遗憾...; 很抱歉...
It is to be regretted that ...
使人遗憾的是...; 真可惜...
I regret my ignorance on the subject.
我很遗憾, 对此问题一无所知。
I regret to tell you that my friend is ill.
遗憾地告诉你, 我的朋友病了。
To this day I do not regret having made that remark.
说了这话, 我至今不后悔。
He died regretted by all.
他死了, 大家深感痛惜。
19. warn
vt. 警戒[告](against, of); 预先通知, 预告
warn sb. off [away]
通知某人离开; 告诫某人避开
Warner n 警告者; 告戒者; 报警器
Back
Language points
Para1: …a graduate majoring in
physics at a state university.
majoring in...,a present participle, acts as
a post-modifier, modifying graduate and
meaning specializing in or doing physics at
collage. As a student, you can take a
minor course in addition to your major.
Para 2: Philip drank a lot of wine while
having supper with a few friends.
When a participle clause acts as an
adverbial in a sentence, it can take a
corresponding conjunction, such as while,
when, if, unless, etc. Hence we have here
while having supper…in these cases, the
participle clause shares the same subject
with the main clause and therefore the
sentence can be rewritten as: Philip drank
a lot of wine while he was having supper
with a few friends.
Para6: they just need polishing…
When an “-ing” form is used as the object
of such verbs as need, demand, deserve,
etc. it carries the meaning of passive voice.
Need polishing is equal to need to be
polished. We could also say:
The front gate needs/wants/requires
mending.
Back
Grammar focus: inversion
1. 由there, here, now或then 1.Here comes the bus.
引起、谓语为come (go, 2.Now comes your turn.
follow)等运动动词的句子。3.Then came the famine.
如果主语为代词，则仍用正 4.Here is a new book.
常语序。
如：Here we are.
2. 由so, neither 或 nor 引起 1.A: I’m thirsty.
的表承续的句子。
B: so am I.
2. A: I'm not nervous.
B: Neither (Nor) am I.
3. 由hardly, never, rarely, scarcely,
little, often, only+ adv., not only,
not until 等词引起的句子。
1.Hardly can I understand
what he means.
2.Oftn do our parents urge
us to study and work harder.
3.Little does he know about it.
4.Not until yesterday did l
learn that he had gone
abroad.
4. 前置表语引起的句子。
More important is the principle of
equality and mutual benefit.
5. 省略了if 的条件从句。
Had I studied harder, I could have
passed the exam.
6. 表示祝愿的句子。
May you be happy forever!
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Rewrite the sentences below starting with the words given.
1. I had scarcely finished speaking when James jumped to his feet.
Scarcely ______________________________________________.
had I finished speaking when James jumped to his feet.
2. I have never heard such a lot of nonsense before.
Never before ___________________________.
have I heard such a lot of nonsense
3. we got in the bus and went off to Briton.
We got in the bus and off ______________.
did we go to Briton
4. she opened the box and o live mouse jumped out.
did a live mouse jump
She opened the not and out_________________.
5. she did not tell me once that she would be coming round.
Not once___________________________________.
did she tell me that she would be coming round
6. they do only spend all my money, they also wasted a good deal of
my time.
did they spend all my money, they also wasted a good deal of my time
 Not only_______________________________________________.
 Suppose you are talking to someone. You have the
same ideas, taste etc. as your friend. Use so… or
neither… each time.
 Examples: I’m feeling tired. So am I.
 I don’t like eggs. Neither do I.
 1. I need a holiday.
 2. I don’t like milk.
 3. I couldn’t get up this morning.
 4. I’d love ca cup of tea.
 5. I’ve never been to Africa.
 6. I was ill yesterday.
 7. I should smoke less.
 8. I spent the whole evening watching television.
 9. I didn’t know Ann was in hospital.
Back
Check your understanding
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Please answer the following questions
(in no more than 3 words) according to
the passage.
1. whom is the passage about? _____________.
soon-to-be graduates
2. what do some students do before the graduation?
and chat all day and night.
They drink
_________
3. The soon-to-be graduates know that what is outside
different from their colleges or universities.
campus is __________
 4. they drink and even cry because they find it difficult to
accept the reality
___________.
 5. David thinks that eating and drinking as they do is
a real waste
_________.
Build up your language stock
 The following experiences are taken from the passage you have just
read. Match these expressions with the Chinese equivalents given
in the table by putting the corresponding letters in the brackets.
 A. accept the reality
G. give an explanation
 B. from the bottom of one’s heart H. academic career
 C. enjoy the last moments
I. major in
 D. drown one’s sorrows
J. day and night
 E. experience loneliness
K. treasure time
 F. order dishes
L. waste one’s time
 享受最后的时光（C ）
体验孤独（ E ）
 接受现实（ A）
浪费时间（ L ）
 珍惜时间（ K）
日日夜夜地（ J ）
 点菜（ F）
做出解释（ G）
 学术生涯（ H）
借酒消愁（ D）
Back
长句的翻译
 翻译长句时，首先要弄清楚原文的句法结构，找出整个句
子的中心内容及其各层意思，然后分析各层意思之间的相
互逻辑关系（因果、时间顺序等），再按照汉语特点和表
达方式，正确译出原文的意思，不拘泥原文的形式。长句
的译法主要有顺序法、逆序法、分析法和综合法。
 如：television keeps one informed about current events,
allows one to follow the least development in science
and politics, and offers an endless series of programs
which are both instructive and entertaining.
 电视使人了解时事，熟悉科学和政治领域的最新发展，
并能源源不断地为观众提供既有教育意义又有娱乐趣味的
节目。（顺序法）
 Translate the following sentences into Chinese
by choosing the best from the four choices of
suggested translation.
 1. They treasure this period of time when they
experience happiness, sadness, lave, friendship, hopes
and loneliness.( A )
 A. 他们珍惜这段时光，在其间他们品尝了欢乐，悲伤，爱
情，希望和孤独。
 B. 当他们品尝了欢乐，悲伤，爱情，希望和孤独以后，他
们珍惜这段时光。
 C. 当他们珍惜这段时光的时候，有了欢乐，悲伤，爱情，
希望和孤独的经验。
 D. 在品尝欢乐，悲伤，爱情，希望和孤独的时候，他们
珍惜这段时光。
 2. And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she
had known his mother and the kind of place in which he
was born, and the kind of people among whom he was
born.( ) C
 A. 若是让她知道了，他出生在这一类人中间，他出生在这
种地方，他有这样的母亲，他知道她该多么难为情。
 B. 她知道若是让他知道了，他出生在这一类人中间，他出
生在这种地方，他有这样的母亲，他该多么丢人。
 C. 他出生在这一类人中间，他出生在这种地方，他有这
样的母亲，这些若是让她知道了，他知道该多么丢人。
 D. 他知道要是他出生在这一类人中间，
 在这种地方，有这样的母亲，该多么丢人。
 3. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gift of a good actor
doesn’t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for
there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and
the actor’s.(D )
 A. 一个优秀教师可能拥有优秀演员的某些礼物，这个事实意味着他也
能上台表演得很好，尽管教师的工作和演员的工作有着重要的区别。
 B. 一个优秀教师可能比优秀演员的更加具有
 天赋，但这并不是说他实际上已经能上台表
 演得很好了，因为教师的工作和演员的工作
 有着重要的区别。
 C. 一个优秀教师可能送优秀演员一些礼物，但这个
 事实并不是说因此他就能上台表演了，因为教师工作和演员的工作有
着重要的区别。
 D.一个优秀教师可能具有优秀演员的某些天赋，但这并不是说他实际
上就能上台表演得很好，因为教师的工作和演员的工作有着重要的区
别。
 4. A very important problem, if not the most important, of
all the great world problems which affect us at the
present time, is the increasing number of people who live
in the world.( B )
 A. 世界人口不断增加问题还不是我们面临的最重要问题，
但是一个十分严重的影响我们的问题。
 B. 目前，世界人口不断增加，即使它还不是我们目前面临
的最主要问题，但也是一个十分严重的具有全球性影响的
问题。
 C.目前，世界人口不断增加，即使它是我们面临的最主要
问题，但也不是一个十分严重的具有全球性影响的问题。
 D.目前，世界人口不断增加，成为我们面临的最主要问题，
但还不是一个十分严重的具有全球性影响的问题。
Back
 Here is a summary of the sentence patterns and
expressions used for expressing feeling of saying
goodbye. You can add more example.
 Sad feeling
 1. I’ve forgotten the last time that I cried. But I really can’t cheer up
now.
 2. being half drunk, he was speaking from the bottom of his heart.
 3. some soon-to-be graduates become sad and drown their sorrows
in alcohol.
 4. though excited at the start of the event, they gradually become
depressed.
 Uncertainty of future
 1. are these graduates simply uncertain of the future, or do they feel
hopeless of the future?
 Treasuring of today
 1. they treasure this period of time.
 2. I’ve no regret from four years.
Practice your language skills
 Logical connectors(表示逻辑关系的词语)
 阅读中表示逻辑关系的词语有：1.表示相同或类
似关系: and, also, moreover, further, in addition,
besides, similarly etc.2. 表明先后顺序：before,
after, another, next, then, last, finally, later on
etc.3. 表示转折关系：but, however, on the
contrary, otherwise, yet, etc. 4. 表示目的和因果
关系：as for, because, since, as a result, for this
reason, thus, so, therefore, so/such…that etc. 5.
表示终结归纳关系：in short, in a word, in belief,
to conclude something etc.
 Learn to talk about careers using the situations
given below.
 Model: A: which city would you like to go after
graduation?
 B: I want to stay in Beijing.
 A: What job do you want to do here?
 B: I want to be a secretary.
 A: what kind of company do you want to work for?
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B: I want to work for a trade company.
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A. very interesting.
Try to use the following sentence patterns
in your talk.
Which city would you like to go?
I’d like to…
When … get married?
I want to…
What job…?
I’m going to…
What … after 5 years from now
I intend/plan/aim to…
…have your own business?
I expect/hope to…
Back
Applied writing
Structure analysis
 Here is s summary of
the sentence patterns and expressions
used in farewell speech. You could add
more of them.
Addressing
Ladies and gentlemen
Introduction
It gives me a great pleasure to be here to say a
few words about our manager.
Looking back
He jointed the firm in 1976.
He worked in our office for more than 20 years
Personal qualities
All of us have been impressed not only by his
abilities but also by his personal qualities of
kindness and patience.
Looking forward
Mr. Franks can look forward to a new career and
new responsibilities.
He will enjoy the challenges that lie ahead.
Expressing thanks
It will be difficult, if not impossible, to replace him.
We will all be very sad to see him leave.
I’m sure that you will all join me in wishing him
the very best for the future and thanking him for
everything he has done here for us.
Simulated writing
 Match each paragraph of
the farewell speech with a
suitable heading given
below. Write the
corresponding letter in
the table.
 A. Mr. Frank’s future
B. introduction
par
 C. Mr. Frank’s personal
a.1
qualities
 D. expressing thanks
B
E. Mr. Frank’s past
Par Par Par Par
a. 2 a. 3 a.4 a.4
E
C
A
D
史密斯先生要退休离开公司了，晚上公司
要举行一个欢送会，写一段欢送辞。包括
以下内容：
1. 回顾他在公司的工作经历，做出的贡献。
2. 大家对他的良好印象
3. 祝福她以后生活幸福
4. 代表公司赠送礼物
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Thank you !!!