Transcript Key Names - Jenna Wruck

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Mai Thao, Chrissy Evensen, Jenna Schmidt,
Tasha Goemer, Anne Roach
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
1. History
•Basic premises
•Key names
3. Risks
&
benefits
4. Criticisms
2. Therapy
•
•
•
•
Goal
Role of counselor/client
Techniques
Training Risks/benefit
Philosophy & Basic Assumptions
• Psychological distress stems from faulty or damaging mental
processing of experience
• Deal with cognitions, interpretations, beliefs and responses,
with the aim of influencing problematic emotions and
behaviors.
• Reorganization of one’s self-statements will result in a
corresponding reorganization of one’s behavior.
Key Figures
• Albert Ellis
• Rational Emotive Therapy (REBT)
• ABC Model
• Nature of Unhappiness
• Eleven irrational beliefs
11 Irrational Beliefs
1.
2.
3.
4.
Essential for a person to be loved or approved
A person must be perfectly complete
Some people are bad, and should be punished.
It is terrible when things are not as a person wants
them to be.
5. Unhappiness caused by outside circumstances; person
has no control over it.
6. Dangerous, fearsome things cause for great concern;
possibilities must be dwelt on.
Irrational Beliefs cont.
7. It is easier to avoid certain difficulties than to face
them.
8. A person should be dependent on others.
9. Past experience and events are the determinants
of present behaviors
10. A person should be upset over other people’s
problems and disturbances.
11. There is always a right perfect solution to every
problem, and it must be found.
Key Figures cont…
• Aaron Beck
• Cognitive Therapy
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_AbTQ1gcMI
• Emphasizes
• Recognizing & changing negative, maladaptive
thoughts
• Reorganization of self-statements will result in
a corresponding reorganizing of behavior.
Beck cont…
• Differences with REBT
• Closer to psychodynamic tradition
• Doesn’t apply the same set of irrational beliefs to
all disorders
• Cx are led to become their own truth-seeker and
not directly put into a philosophical system
Beck cont…
•
Shares with REBT
• the active, directive, time-limited, presentcentered, structured approach
• identify, challenge & change dysfunctional
thought patterns
Other CBTs
• Meichenbaum’s Stress inoculation training
• Glasser’s Reality therapy
• Linehan’s Dialectical behavior therapy
• Acceptance and commitment therapy
• Solution focused therapy
Therapy
• Brief & Structured
• Problem Solving
• Goal: Client becomes personal therapist
Therapeutic Relationship
• Collaborative
• Persuasive Teacher
• Model Behavior
Stages
• Initial Interviews
• Identify cognitive
framework
• Early symptom relief
• Middle Stage
• Homework assignments
• Guided discovery
• Last Sessions
• Cognitive reality testing
increases
• Session frequency
decreases
• Relapse management &
Booster sessions
Techniques
• Beck’s Cognitive Triad
• Collaborative Empiricism
• Socratic Dialogue
• ABC Therapy
ABC therapy
A-Antecedents/Activating
Event
• Behavior is determined by the situation. Not everything that
precedes a behavior is considered an antecedent; only the
things that influence a behavior response.
• Sources of antecedents may be
-affective (feeling, mood states)
-somatic (physiological and body relatesensations)
-behavioral (verbal, nonverbal, motoric responses
-cognitive (schemas, thoughts, beliefs, images)
-contextual (time, place, multicultural factors)
-relational (presence or absence of other people)
ABC Therapy
B-Behavior or Belief
-Things that a person does as well as things that a person
thinks about.
-Two main types:
-Overt:
-Covert:
Counselor must usually rely on the clients self report.
ABC Therapy
C-Consequence
-Events that follow a behavior and exert some influence on the
behavior.
-Consequences can be positive or negative.
-Positive consequences are referred to as re-enforcers.
- Positive Reinforcement
- Negative Reinforcement
-Negative consequences are referred to as punishers. These
behaviors will decrease the behavior.
Training
• Albert Ellis Institute, New York, NY
• Beck Institute for Cognitive Therapy &
Research, Bala Cynwyd, PA
Certifications Offered
by the National Association of
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists
Diploma in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Certified Cognitive-Behavioral Therapist
Benefits
• Brief form of therapy
• REBT effective for helping people in crisis
• Affective for individuals, groups, coupled, or
families
• Discourages dependence on the therapist
• Has emphasis on outside work
Risks/Limitations/Criticisms
•
•
•
•
Prescriptive Model
Cultural Concerns
Unfinished Business
Brainwashing
References
• Corey, G. (2004). Theory and practice of counseling
and psychotherapy: student manual (7th ed). Pacific
Grove, CA: Brooks Cole Company.
• Corsini, R.J., & Wedding, D. (2000). Current
psychotherapies (6th ed). Itasca, IL: F.E. Peacock
Publisher, Inc.
• Day, S.X. (2008). Theory and design in counseling and
psychotherapy (2nd ed.). Boston: Lahaska Press.