Transcript Unit 2- Nutrition and Fitness

Unit 2- Nutrition
and Fitness
2.5 Healthy Weight
Chapter 6.1/6.2
Objectives:
O Standard 2
O Objective 3a: Explain how caloric intake and
energy expenditure affect body weight.
O Objective 3d: Examine the causes,
symptoms, and the short and long-term
consequences of eating disorders.
O Objective 3e: Analyze the influence of media
on body image.
Maintaining a Healthy Weight
O When you look in the mirror, what do you
see?
O Are you happy with the way you look?
O Do you wish some things were different?
Body Image
O Body Image-
the way you
see your
body
Influences on Body
Image
(Dove)
Healthy Weight Loss Strategies
O Drink plenty of water
O 8 glasses per day
O Eat Nutrient-Dense
foods- foods that are
high in nutrients and
low in calories
O Whole-grains,
vegetables, fruits
O Moderation in sugar
and other high calorie
foods
O Eat fewer calories (but
not less than 1,400)
Healthy Weight Gain
Strategies
O Increase calorie intake
O Complex carbs (breads, pasta, potatoes)
O Eat small meals often
O Choose nutritious snacks before meals
O Build muscle mass
Most Important Thing
Regarding Weight
Fad Diets
O Fad Diets: weight loss plans that are popular
for only a short time
O Liquid Diets:
Fad Diets
O low calorie diets consuming only liquids.
O Lack fiber and needed nutrients.
O Rely on high protein and low carbohydrates.
O Fasting: abstain from eating
O Body begins breaking down protein from muscles
O May become dehydrated
O Religious purposes for short amount of time only
O Diet Pills: suppress appetite
O Cause drowsiness, anxiety, racing heart
O Addiction
Eating Disorders: The Facts
O Eating Disorders: an extreme harmful eating behavior
that can cause serious illness or even death.
O 1 or 2 out of every 100 students struggle with an
eating disorder
O Each year, thousands of teens develop eating
disorders, or problems with weight, eating, or
body image.
O Most common eating disorders:
O Anorexia
O Bulimia
O Binge eating
Anorexia
O Anorexia- A fear of becoming obese results in severe
weight loss from self-imposed starvation.
O Can't maintain a normal body weight.
O Restrict food intake by dieting, fasting, or excessive
exercise.
O Hardly eat at all — and the small amount of food they do
eat becomes an obsession.
Anorexia cont.
O May start binge eating or purging
O Eating a lot of food then trying to get rid of the calories by
forcing themselves to:
O Vomit
O Use laxatives
O Exercise excessively
O Combination of these
Signs of Anorexia
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become very thin, frail, or emaciated
be obsessed with eating, food, and weight control
weigh herself or himself repeatedly
deliberately "water load" when going to see a health
professional to get weighed
count or portion food carefully
only eat certain foods, avoiding foods like dairy, meat,
wheat, etc.
exercise excessively
feel fat
withdraw from social activities, especially meals and
celebrations involving food
be depressed, lethargic (lacking in energy), and feel cold a
lot
Effects of Anorexia
O The body goes into starvation mode, and the lack
of nutrition can affect the body in many ways:
O a drop in blood pressure, pulse, and breathing rate
O hair loss and fingernail breakage
O loss of periods
O Lanugo hair — a soft hair that can grow all over the
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O
O
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skin
lightheadedness and inability to concentrate
anemia
swollen joints
brittle bones
Bulimia
O Similar to anorexia
O Purging or clearing of the digestive tract follows cycles
of overeating.
1. Binge eat (eat to excess)
2. try to compensate in extreme ways, such as:
O forced vomiting
O excessive exercise (to prevent weight gain)
O These steps can be dangerous, physically and
emotionally.
O They can also lead to compulsive behaviors (ones that
are hard to stop).
Bulimia Cont.
O Diagnosis: binging and purging regularly, at least
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twice a week for a couple of months.
Binge eating is different from going to a party and
"pigging out" on pizza, then deciding to go to the
gym the next day and eat more healthfully.
Eat large amounts of food (often junk food) at
once, usually in secret.
Feel powerless to stop the eating and can only stop
once they're too full to eat any more.
Purge by vomiting, but may also use laxatives or
excessive exercise.
Signs of Bulimia
O fear weight gain
O be intensely unhappy with body size, shape, and
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weight
make excuses to go to the bathroom immediately
after meals
only eat diet or low-fat foods (except during binges)
regularly buy laxatives, diuretics, or enemas
spend most of his or her time working out or trying to
work off calories
withdraw from social activities, especially meals and
celebrations involving food
Effects of Bulimia
O With bulimia, constant
vomiting and lack of nutrients
can cause these problems:
O constant stomach pain
O damage to the stomach
and kidneys
O "chipmunk cheeks," when
the salivary glands
permanently expand from
throwing up so often
O loss of periods
O loss of the mineral
potassium (this can
contribute to heart
problems and even death)
O tooth decay (from
exposure to stomach
acids)
Binge Eating
O Binge eating disorder: compulsive overeating
O Use food as a coping mechanism for strong
emotions or depression
O Results in unhealthful weight gain  diabetes,
heart disease, stroke
Signs of Binge Eating
• binge eat more than twice a week for 6 months
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or more
eat much more rapidly than normal
eat until uncomfortably full
eat large amounts of food even when not hungry
eat alone because of embarrassment
feel disgusted, depressed, embarrassed,
ashamed, angry, or guilty after a binge eating
episode
gain weight excessively
What Causes Theses
Disorders?
O Many people who develop an eating disorder
are between 13 and 17 years old
O Time of emotional and physical changes,
academic pressures, and a greater degree
of peer pressure
O Teens feel they are not in control of their
personal freedom and, sometimes, of their
bodies
O This can be especially true during puberty
Objectives:
O Standard 2
O Objective 3a: Explain how caloric intake and
energy expenditure affect body weight.
O Objective 3d: Examine the causes,
symptoms, and the short and long-term
consequences of eating disorders.
O Objective 3e: Analyze the influence of media
on body image.