Transcript Slide 1
Elements and Compounds
The Atom
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The atom is the smallest unit of an element It is so small, it would take a million atoms lined up to equal the thickness of a human hair
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element
An element is the fundamental material of which all matter is composed.
It contains only one type of atom Is abbreviated with a one or two letter symbol Always printed, never in cursive
copper
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Find copper on your periodic table.
What is the symbol for copper?
Cu
iron
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Find iron on your periodic table.
What is the symbol for iron?
Fe
salt (sodium chloride)
NaCl
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Find salt on your periodic table.
What is the symbol for salt?
What is salt made of?
sodium and chlorine
chalk (calcium carbonate)
CaCO 3 Calcium, carbon and oxygen
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Find chalk on your periodic table.
What is the symbol for chalk?
What is chalk made of?
Atomic Bonding
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Atoms can form chemical bonds with other atoms When they bond, they can form molecules or compounds
compound
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Contains atoms of two or more elements chemically bonded to form new and different substances.
photosynthesis
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Look again at the chemical equation for photosynthesis sunlight chlorophyll 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Are any of these elements?
No
How many compounds do you see?
4
What elements make up these compounds?
Cellular respiration
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Cellular respiration takes place inside cells (plant and animal) During respiration, glucose is broken down to release energy (ATP) that is used to power all life
respiration
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Look again at the chemical equation for respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Are any of these elements?
No
How many compounds do you see?
4 2 O + ATP
What elements make up these compounds?
Organic compound
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An organic compound is any compound that contains carbon All living things on Earth have carbon
Organic Molecules
Plastics and Fuels
carbon and hydrogen hydrocarbon
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What elements do you see in a plastic or fuel?
What type of organic molecule is it?
Carbohydrates
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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What elements do you see?
What type of organic molecule is it?
Fats (lipids) carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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What elements do you see?
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What type of organic molecule is it?
Proteins carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
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What elements do you see in?
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What type of organic molecule is it?
Nucleic Acid carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus DNA and RNA
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What elements do you see in DNA and RNA?
What type of organic molecule is it?