Transcript DIVERSION / DISTRIBUTION OF WATER

EVALUATION OF SPATE WATER
DISTRIBUTION AND APPLICATION
STRUCTURES
Dr. M. Munir Ahmad
Engr. Zafar Islam
Engr. Fazal Minallah
Water Management of Spate Irrigation Systems
PARC, D. I. Khan
INTRODUCTION
Earthen Structure ;
• Not Dependable
• Labour intensive and Time Consuming
• Need repair after each spate
OBJECTIVES
Develop and adapt water Management technologies
for distribution/diversion and application of spate water
PROCESS FOR SELECTION OF
SITES AND EXECUTION
•
•
•
•
•
Reconnaissance Surveys
Local community approach
Visit field with the community
Discusiion for Water rights
Planning for survey
CONTINUED……..
• PEAK AND AVERAGE FLOW ESTIMATION
• DESIGN Preparation
• Implementation Schedule
• ESTIMATION OF THE MATERIAL & Cost
• PARTICIPATORY EXECUTION
• Participatory MONITORING & EVAULATION
PARAMETER FOR EVALUATION
• Hydraulic
Discharge, Sedimentation, Velocity , Erosion
• Social
Water Rights, Change in Livelihood
• Economic
Fixed and variable cost, Cost benefit
3-D View of a Field inlet/Outlet
Advantages
• Can close inlet after irrigation easily and
avoid water flowing back out
• Can use it to irrigate next field
Improved Design of a Diversion Structure
Include Bearings
for easy operation
Advantages
• Avoid conflicts
• Regulate flow division
• Irrigate several areas simultaneously
Frequency of Spate Water Arrival during
2006, Daraban Zam
Village
Daraban
Lallokot
Mochiwal
Gandi Ashiq
Gara Ramzi
Gundi Ummer
No. of
Spate
August
12
14
4
3
3
4
September
3
2
2
1
2
2
Duration of Spate Water during 2006,
Daraban Zam
Duration (hr.)
Village
August
September
Daraban
12
7
Lallokot
12
5
Mochiwal
10
5
Gandi Ashiq
10
8
Gara Ramzi
6
6
Gundi Ummer
7
5
Discharge and area to be irrigated from
various structures
Type
Discharge (cfs)
Area to be irrigated
(acre)
Min
Max
Min
Max
Single way
Double
inlet
36
60
11
15
90
120
16
30
Pipe inlet
28
34
11
13
DIVERSION / DISTRIBUTION OF
WATER
Location
Gara Ramzi
Mochiwal
Command
Before
Area
Area
(acres)
Irrigated(
%)
7210
31.2
12502
24.99
After
Increase in
Area
Area(%)
Irrigated
(%)
85
53.8
60.44
35.45
Farmers Benefited from Distribution Structure
80
70
Mochiwal
Gara Ramzi
Beneficiaries (%)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1-30
31-60
61-90
Farm Size (acre)
More than 91
Area Increase for Irrigation Due to the Structure
Percent Increase in Area
300
Gara Ramzi
250
Mochiwal
200
150
100
50
0
1-30
31-60
61-90
Farm Size (acre)
More than 91
Share Based Average Value (%)
Percentage Share of Cost
80
60
Two way
Single way
40
20
0
Material
Transportation
Labour and water
COST OF GATED STRUCTURES FOR WATER
DIVERSION AND CONTROL
S.NO.
ITEMS
MOCHIWAL
Total COST
(Rs.)
GARAH
RAMZI
SHARE
(Rs.)
Total COST
(Rs.)
SHARE
(Rs.)
86.1
83.0
Transpotation
2.5
3.2
3
Labour and
water
9.2
11.1
4
Earth work
2.2
2.7
1
Bricks, Cement,
Sand, Gravel,
Gravel, Stone,
Iron bars, Iron
gate etc.
2
Total
178290
146630
Impacts
•
•
•
•
•
•
Strengthen Village organization.
No conflict during 2006
Irrigated area increased
Farmer made a rules for contribution to
maintain the structure
Farmer from the other villages who irrigated
from the structure are willing to contribute.
Less pressure on main bund