Transcript Chapter 2: Research Methodology

Ch 9: LEARNING
Classical conditioning is also known as __________
conditioning.
A.
B.
C.
D.
instrumental
Skinnerian
operant
Pavlovian
Classical conditioning is also known as __________
conditioning.
A.
B.
C.
D.
instrumental
Skinnerian
operant
Pavlovian
In Pavlov’s experiment, salivation to food is known as the
__________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
unconditioned stimulus
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
unconditioned response
In Pavlov’s experiment, salivation to food is known as the
__________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
unconditioned stimulus
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
unconditioned response
If an unconditioned stimulus is not repeatedly paired
with the conditioned stimulus, __________ will occur.
A.
B.
C.
D.
discrimination
acquisition
extinction
generalization
If an unconditioned stimulus is not repeatedly paired
with the conditioned stimulus, __________ will occur.
A.
B.
C.
D.
discrimination
acquisition
extinction
generalization
In classical conditioning, what is spontaneous
recovery?
A. After extinction of the association, the animal shows the conditioned
response again.
B. An animal can easily learn to associate a conditioned stimulus with an
unconditioned stimulus.
C. If an animal is sick, it remembers the learned association after it
recovers from its sickness.
D. After extinction of the association, the animal shows the unconditioned
response again.
In classical conditioning, what is spontaneous
recovery?
A. After extinction of the association, the animal shows the conditioned
response again.
B. An animal can easily learn to associate a conditioned stimulus with an
unconditioned stimulus.
C. If an animal is sick, it remembers the learned association after it
recovers from its sickness.
D. After extinction of the association, the animal shows the unconditioned
response again.
What does an animal learn in classical
conditioning?
A.
B.
C.
D.
An association between a US and a UR
An association between a US and a CR
An association between a US and a CS
An association between a CS and a UR
What does an animal learn in classical
conditioning?
A.
B.
C.
D.
An association between a US and a UR
An association between a US and a CR
An association between a US and a CS
An association between a CS and a UR
Joey likes to listen to rock music when cutting onions. After doing so for
awhile, he notices his eyes get teary when listening to rock music.
The US is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Tears
Onions
Listening to rock music
Listening to rock music while cutting onions
Joey likes to listen to rock music when cutting onions. After doing so for
awhile, he notices his eyes get teary when listening to rock music.
The US is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Tears
Onions
Listening to rock music
Listening to rock music while cutting onions
__________ refers to the occurrence of the conditioned
response when the stimulus is slightly different than the
conditioned stimulus.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Discrimination
Acquisition
Generalization
Spontaneous Recovery
__________ refers to the occurrence of the conditioned
response when the stimulus is slightly different than the
conditioned stimulus.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Discrimination
Acquisition
Generalization
Spontaneous Recovery
Who proposed the law of effect?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Garcia
Skinner
Pavlov
Thorndike
Who proposed the law of effect?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Garcia
Skinner
Pavlov
Thorndike
Reinforcing successive approximations of
an action in an effort to teach a complex
action is known as __________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
shaping
observational learning
punishment
discrimination
Reinforcing successive approximations of
an action in an effort to teach a complex
action is known as __________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
shaping
observational learning
punishment
discrimination
Which of the following is an example of negative
punishment?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Spanking a child
Giving a rat a food pellet
Removing shock
Removing food
Which of the following is an example of negative
punishment?
•
•
•
•
Spanking a child
Giving a rat a food pellet
Removing shock
Removing food
Which of the following is a
disadvantage of punishment?
•
•
•
•
Not learning an appropriate behavior
Learning to avoid the punisher
Difficulties in delivering the accurate strength of punishment
All of the above
Which of the following is a
disadvantage of punishment?
•
•
•
•
Not learning an appropriate behavior
Learning to avoid the punisher
Difficulties in delivering the accurate strength of punishment
All of the above
Which of the following best characterizes
operant learning?
A. The organism learns an association between a stimulus and a response.
B. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a
consequence.
C. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a reward.
D. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a punishment.
Which of the following best characterizes
operant learning?
A. The organism learns an association between a stimulus and a response.
B. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a
consequence.
C. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a reward.
D. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a punishment.
Which reinforcement schedule involves being
reinforced after a random time period?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Variable ratio
Fixed interval
Fixed ratio
Variable interval
Which reinforcement schedule involves
being reinforced after a random time
period?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Variable ratio
Fixed interval
Fixed ratio
Variable interval
Which statement is true concerning operant
conditioning?
A. It is more difficult to learn fixed schedules than
variable schedules.
B. Responses are higher for ratio schedules than for
interval schedules.
C. Partial reinforcement does not result in significant
learning.
D. Responses are higher for fixed schedules than for
variable schedules.
Which statement is true concerning operant
conditioning?
A. It is more difficult to
learn fixed schedules
than variable schedules.
B. Responses are higher
for ratio schedules
than for interval
schedules.
C. Partial reinforcement
does not result in
significant learning.
D. Responses are higher
for fixed schedules than
for variable schedules.
Your mother gives you $5.00 for every A on your
report card. What type of consequence is this?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Your mother gives you $5.00 for every A on your
report card. What type of consequence is this?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
You start gagging when your mom takes fish out of the
frig to cook for dinner.
What type of reinforcement is this?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Escape Conditioning
Avoidance Conditioning
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
You start gagging when your mom takes fish out of the
frig to cook for dinner.
What type of reinforcement is this?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Escape Conditioning
Avoidance Conditioning
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
In Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment, children who saw
an adult behave aggressively toward a doll:
A. Were less aggressive toward the doll than children who
did not see an adult behave aggressively toward the doll
B. Were more aggressive toward the doll than children who
did not see an adult behave aggressively toward the doll
C. Behaved similarly toward the doll as children who did not
see an adult behave aggressively toward the doll
In Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment, children who saw
an adult behave aggressively toward a doll:
A. Were less aggressive toward the doll than children who did not
see an adult behave aggressively toward the doll
B. Were more aggressive toward the doll than children who
did not see an adult behave aggressively toward the doll
C. Behaved similarly toward the doll as children who did not see
an adult behave aggressively toward the doll
The condition in which repeated attempts to control a
situation fail, resulting in the belief that the
situation is uncontrollable.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Latent learning
Learned helplessness
Cognitive learning
Behavior modification
The condition in which repeated attempts to control a
situation fail, resulting in the belief that the
situation is uncontrollable.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Latent learning
Learned helplessness
Cognitive learning
Behavior modification
The essential concept of computer-assisted
instruction involves:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Classical Conditioning
modeling
Operant Conditioning
internality
The essential concept of computer-assisted
instruction involves:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Classical Conditioning
modeling
Operant Conditioning
internality
Students in an elementary classroom were
given ‘star buck’ for positive behavior. The bucks
could be used to purchase various items from the
classroom bank each month.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Token economy
Behavior contract
Cognitive map
Response chain
Students in an elementary classroom were
given ‘star buck’ for positive behavior. The bucks
could be used to purchase various items from the
classroom bank each month.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Token economy
Behavior contract
Cognitive map
Response chain