Transcript Document
Draw the resonance structure indicated by the arrows.
1) 2) O O
3) O O Label each atom with the correct hybridization.
4)
sp 3 sp 3
HO
sp 3 sp 3
O
sp 3 sp 3
5) 6)
sp 3 sp 2
N
sp 2 sp 3 sp sp
O
sp 2 sp 2 sp 3
7) Draw H 2 NCH 2 + in its second best resonance structure.
H H H N CH 2 N CH 2 N H H H CH 2 8) Draw the best Lewis structure for CH 3 CHO, a neutral molecule O C H 3 C H
9) Draw the Lewis structure for CH 3 COOH, a neutral molecule. O C H 3 C OH 10) Draw the Lewis structure for N 2 H 2 , a neutral molecule. HN NH
11) Draw in the electron flow arrows in on the left hand structure that lead to the resonance structure on the right.
O O 12) In the empty box, draw the best resonance structure of the left hand compound, and draw one or more electron-flow arrows on the preexisting structure that lead to the new structure. O O
13) 14) Cl O Cl O
Cl Cl 4 Cl Cl 1 Cl 3 2 Cl
Label each of the following as an ionic or covalently bonded compound.
a) NaF b) BrCl c) NaOCH e ionic covalent ionic Calculate the formal charge of nitrogen in each of the following compounds.
a) N FC = 5 – (4 + (1/2(4))) = -1 b) N N FC = 5 – (2 + (1/2(6))) = 0 FC = 5 – (0 + (1/2(8))) = +1
Draw the Lewis structure.
a) (CH 3 (OH 2 )) + H H C H H O H H H C N O b) CH 3 NO 2 H O Draw all possible isomers of C 2 H 4 O.
O C HO C H CH 2 H 3 C H H 2 C O CH 2
Are each of the following pairs isomers or resonance structures?
a) H 3 C CH 3 H 3 C CH 2 C H 2 C H 2 Neither, different formulas b) O O Isomers, same formula but different arrangement of atoms.
Draw a resonance structure of each, and identify which is the major contributor.
a) O O H NH 2 H NH 2 b) H 3 C O C C H CH 2 H 3 C O C C H CH 2
Draw all possible resonance structures of the compound below and it’s resonance hybrid.
CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2
Predict the geometry around each indicated atom.
a) H 2 C CH 3 H 3 C C H 2 tetrahderal CH 2 b) H 3 C OH Trigonal planar
Draw the three dimensional structure of the following.
H a) CH 3 OH H C H O H b) (CH 3 ) 2 NH H H C H H H N H H
Convert each molecule into a skeletal structure.
a) (CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 b) H 3 C H C H H H H C H H H CH H 3 C CH 3
Convert into Lewis structures.
a) (CH 3 ) 3 COH CH 3 H 3 C O CH 3 H b) CH 3 COCH 2 Br H O H H Br H H
What is the hybridizatio of th eindicated atom.
a)
sp
3 b)
sp
2
sp
2 CO 2 H
sp
Which is the weakest of the indicated bonds?
a b c A is the weakest bond due to it being composed of a
sp
3 and
sp
2 hybridized orbital, thus having the least amount of S character NH 2 b HO a B is the weakest, b/c bond strength increases across a row in the periodic table and N is to the left of O.
Draw the products and label each part.
O + OCH 3 OH A B O CB O + HO CA CH 3 A H + NaNH 2 B CB Na + NH 3 CA
Draw the products and determine if the reaction occurs.
O F 3 C pk a =0.2
OH + O CH 2 CH 3 Products favored F 3 C O O + HO CH 2 CH 3 pk a =16 O O pk a =5 OH + NaCl reactants favored O + HCl pk a =-7
Which is the strongest base?
HBr, HCl or HF HF, b/c it is the weakest acid.
Identify the most acidic hydrogen.
H H b H a H c H C is the most acidic hydrogen b/c it’s bonded to an
sp
hybridized carbon.
Draw the products of each reaction and label the starting materials as a Lewis acid and base.
Cl Cl Cl + Cl B Cl B LB Cl Cl LA Cl Cl LB O Cl + B LA Cl O Cl B Cl Cl