Transcript Slide 1
HRK
Higher Education in
Germany
Current Status and
Challenges
German-South African Rectors’ Forum
15 April 2013, Leipzig
Professor Dr Horst Hippler, President,
German Rectors’ Conference
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The German Higher Education System
Different Types of Higher Education Institutions
112 Universities and Higher Education Institutions
that can award doctorates
225 Universities of Applied Sciences
(„Fachhochschulen“)
56 Colleges of Art and Music
Altogether 393 higher education institutions
(predominantly state institutions; few private
universities, usually with limited range of subjects)
2.5 mio students in total (WS 2012/2013)
Source: Higher Education Compass 2013
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The German Higher Education and Research System
University Research and Extra-University
Research as the Two Pillars of the German
Research System
German Research System
Universities and
Universities of
Applied Sciences
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Extra-University
Research
Institutions:
Max Planck Society,
Helmholtz
Association, Leibniz
Association,
Fraunhofer Society
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Funding for Higher Education and Research
Funding for Higher Education
Basic budget provided by the Länder (states)
Increasing student numbers for the next years
(today 500,000 new bachelor students each year)
additional funding necessary by federal government and the Länder
(2011-2015: about 7 bn €; 2011-2018: additional 1.2-1.5 bn €)
No tuition fees
Research budget by competition through the German Science
Foundation (e. g. „Excellence Initiative“), but also by industry;
German Universities spend more then11 bn € yearly on R&D,
1.4 bn € (13%) of which are from industry.
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Various Reform
Processes at National
and International Level
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On the Way to Autonomous Higher Education
Institutions
Increasing Autonomy by Modifying Legal
Framework of the Länder
Management by objective agreements
– between Länder and universities
– between university leadership and faculties
with regard to
opening new and/or close old degree programmes
admission of students
appointment of professors
salary of professors and academic staff
management of university property
organizational processes within the institution
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On the Way to Autonomous Higher Education
Institutions
New Budget Structures and an Increased
Accountability
Introduction of global (yearly) budgets
Introduction of performance-based allocation
mechanisms
between ministries and universities
within universities, between faculties
Introduction of performance criteria for the salary of
professors
private contributions to higher education budget,
e.g. private third-party funding for research,
contribution of foundations, etc.
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Towards a Quality Culture in Higher Education
From State Control to Science-Based Quality
Assurance Systems
Accreditation assures basic
quality standards of study
programmes.
Evaluation aims at promoting
transparency, improving quality
and benchmarking.
Future challenges:
from quality assurance (minimal standards) to quality enhancement
from input to outcome orientation
Programme accreditation and system accreditation as alternative
options for HEI
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HRK‘s long-term goal is an improvement-driven Institutional Quality
Audit.
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Supporting Excellence in Research: The Excellence Initiative
The Excellence Initiative
Aims to promote top-level research at German universities and
research institutions
Three lines of funding:
o Graduate schools to promote young researchers
o Excellence clusters to promote world-class research
o Plans for advancing top-level university research
Total of 1.9 b € funding from 2006 until 2011
(75% Federal government and 25 % state governments)
Total funding of 2.7 b € from 2012 until 2017
(75% Federal government and 25 % state governments)
The funding will end 2017:
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How to become sustainable?
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The European Dimension: From Bologna to Bucharest
How Does „Bologna“ Alter
The German Higher Education System?
Reform of degree programmes
Change of paradigm: from teacher to learner perspective
(modularisation of study programmes, calculation of overall
student workload, focus on learning outcomes and
competencies)
Introduction of ECTS and Diploma Supplement
Introduction of quality assurance procedures
Strengthening of the European dimension in teaching,
learning and research
Challenges: recognition, employability of graduates,
admission to master programmes
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Internationalising
Higher Education
Institutions
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The Internationalisation of German Universities
A Strategic Approach to Internationalisation
Increasing mobility of students and researchers
Increasing international collaboration in research and
technology transfer
Shift to more structured forms of international
collaboration (integrated study semesters abroad, joint
degrees)
Building offshore campuses and bi- or multinational
higher education institutions
National and international strategic alliances
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The Internationalisation of German Universities
The Internationalisation of German
Universities
Germany is a „global player“ in transnational education.
The number of international students has risen from
175,000 in 2000 to 265,000 in 2012
(rise by roughly 50 %; today 11.1% of all students).
At the same time, the number of mobile German students
has risen from 46,000 in 1998 to 126,000 in 2010
(rise by roughly 170 %).
Political support for internationalisation is high, especially
at the federal level (policy support and financial incentives).
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The Internationalisation of German Universities
The Internationalisation of German
Universities – Challenges
Study programmes have to be further internationalised
(not only language, but also contents, „mobility windows“,
double degrees, summer schools, etc.)
Recognition of international qualifications is a key issue.
The percentage of international staff at German
universities has to be substantially increased
(recruiting, administration, career paths).
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Thank you!
[email protected]
www.hrk.de
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