Transcript Safety Audit Components - Center for Transportation

Safety Audit
Components
Safety assessment for risk Management
Road Safety Audit Objectives
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to identify potential safety problems for all road
users and others affected by a road project and
to ensure that measures to eliminate or reduce
the problem are considered fully.
Road Safety Audit and Risk Management
Although discussed as separate items, they are clearly
related
Audits provide an assessment of the relative safety
performance of scheme options and identify specific
safety needs of various road users. They also may
highlight the need to re-design other nearby road or
traffic projects to safely accommodate changes in
traffic.
Risk Management goal
To identify, quantify, and control exposure to tort liability
a risk management program must
 Recognize and anticipate the degree of legal risk
inherent in all of programs, procedures, or actions;
 Ensure that available resources are used to minimize
risk and prevent loss
 Prepare a timely, defensive response for actual or
threatened legal actions; and
 Manage claims to result in proper resolution while
achieving economy
Safety Audit: General Elements
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location being studied,
type of facility,
type of traffic control,
history of problems or crashes, and
reason for the study.
Condition Diagram
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Intersections: Identify by name, type of pavement (if
applicable) and width of street
Traffic Control Devices (signs, signals and pavement
markings)
Pavement Markings: Centerline, Passing Zones,
Auxiliary Markings,
Stop Bars, Crosswalks
Signs: All signs within the right-of-way, including nonMUTCD signs, sign sizes
Pavement and shoulder widths and any surface
irregularities in the drawing or text
Speed limits on all approaches in drawing or text
Conditon diagram (continued)
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Driveways: Identify type of pavement of drive
(concrete, asphalt, grass, gravel ), and
use (residential or commercial)
Curb: Identify type of curb, height, etc.
Median: Identify type of median (grass, concrete, asphalt, etc.)
and width
Cross corner sight distance at intersection or driveway with
crashes in diagram or text
Bridges and Culvert if involved in accident
Other items that may be a contributing factor
Conditon diagram – additonal if appropriate
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Show evidence of parking within R/W if any
Utility Poles / anchors
Guardrail: Include distance from edge of pavement, height, type
of end treatment
Fire Hydrants
Highway lighting
Trees and other vegetation, If contributing factor to the crash
problem
Roadside features: steep grades, ditch locations along roadside
COLLISION DIAGRAMS
Schematic drawing that has been compiled from a
series of individual crash reports relative to a
specific location (intersection or section), which
shows
 the direction of the vehicles travel prior to
contact,
 pedestrians whose presence contributed to a
collision.
 a minimum of three years of latest crash data
COLLISION DIAGRAMS (continued)
Each crash should include the following information as a minimum:
 date,
 time,
 pavement conditions
 Collision types (rear end, sideswipe, turning, etc)
 fault, should also be shown (i.e. injury, intoxicated, ran stop sign
or red light, etc.).
Crash Analysis
The crash analysis procedures include the study and analysis of
crash characteristics of a site.
Characteristics such as crash type, severity, contributing factors,
environmental conditions, and time period data are analyzed.
Detailed analysis of these characteristics are conducted to identify
safety problems and their possible causes.
Analysis tools may include histograms, critical rate assessments,
other statistical analysis, and professional assessment
Modification Recommendations
Condition diagrams, collision diagrams and analysis summaries
provide the base for potential improvements. Recommended
improvements will require additional analyses to assess the
potential benefits of potential improvements (crash reduction
factors) and the return on investments.