“If we can’t afford safety, we can’t afford to be in business.”

Admiral Ben Moreell

 To define & understand safety behaviors and their effects in the workplace  To review the “Safety Triangle” showing how safety behaviors determine our likelihood for future accidents  To review some approaches for addressing positive & negative safety behaviors and discuss how to give constructive safety feedback  To identify the positive outcome of addressing safety behaviors in the workplace

Behavior – How a person acts under a specific circumstance; includes speaking, acting and performing physical functions Behaviors are:



Observable (you can see them)



Measurable (you can count them)



Manageable (you can address them)



Background (personal experiences/upbringing)

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Age



Sex



Education



Personality



Beliefs



Assumptions

“Mama always said life was like a box of chocolates…”

Characteristics Age: 25 to 34 Age: 35 to 44 Age: 45 to 54 Less than 3 months of service 1 year to 5 years of service Construction industry Monday 8:01 am to 12:00 pm Sprains and Strains Trunk Floor, ground surfaces Contact with object, equipment

Number

Private Industry

Percent

260,080 283,660 22.4% 24.5% 271,300 142,660 403,180 134,010 218,850 343,960 448,380 384,650 230,550 317,550 23.4% 12.3% 34.8% 11.6% 18.9% 29.7% 38.7% 33.2% 19.9% 27.4% 80,480

Number

Female 19.7%

Percent

97,400 104,230 46,210 140,220 2,630 72,910 112,540 165,550 131,600 103,400 77,350 23.8% 25.5% 11.3% 34.3% 0.6% 17.8% 27.5% 40.5% 32.2% 25.3% 18.9%

Number

178,820 185,220 165,950 96,450 262,860 130,680 145,200 230,350 280,670 251,500 126,440 239,560 Male 24.0%

Percent

24.9% 22.3% 12.9% 35.3% 17.5% 19.5% 30.9% 37.7

33.8% 17.0% 32.2%

( Positive & Negative )  Inspecting tools before using them    Driving too fast Wearing PPE as required by job Lifting improperly     Reporting minor accidents to supervisor Rushing to get the job done Planning a job to be sure all materials & safety equipment are available & in good working condition Getting out of a vehicle on the ROW without hi-vis vest or apparel

YES!!!

 Productive (we want these to be contagious)  Counterproductive (we need a cure)

A small amount of unsafe behaviors account for a large amount of accidents.

For Example: • Improper lifting • Getting into the habit of not wearing PPE • Using damaged or malfunctioning tools

     Bad habits and attitudes will exist, triggering unnecessary accidents Worker morale will greatly decrease:  Unsafe work environment for employee & co-workers  Mindset

“they don’t care about us”

 Worker performance & quality of work declines New hires will be taught the unsafe/uncaring way You’ll be making hospital visits and attending funerals You or your injured employees will endure personal suffering from lost wages, physical pain, stressful family issues, financial burdens and even potential loss of career/job

(INCREMENTS OF 10) FATALITY (SEVERITY OF ACCIDENT)

2009 = 19

LOST TIME 7 OSHA RECORDABLE REACTIVE FIRST AID 70 PROACTIVE NEAR MISS 700

7000/ 1300 employee’s=5.38 UB/ day/ emp.

UNSAFE BEHAVIORS 7,000 NOTE: For every accident, you should expect ten more to have previously occurred in the (lesser severity) category below. For example, if 3 OSHA Recordables occurred, 30 First Aid Cases have already occurred, and 300 Near Misses occurred, and so on. If we are not focusing on behaviors and Near Misses, we will continue to have serious injuries.

(INCREMENTS OF 10) FATALITY (SEVERITY OF ACCIDENT) 10 1 LOST TIME 100 OSHA RECORDABLE REACTIVE FIRST AID 1,000 PROACTIVE NEAR MISS 10,000 UNSAFE BEHAVIORS 100,000 NOTE: For every accident, you should expect ten more to have previously occurred in the (lesser severity) category below. For example, if 3 OSHA Recordables occurred, 30 First Aid Cases have already occurred, and 300 Near Misses occurred, and so on. If we are not focusing on behaviors and Near Misses, we will continue to have serious injuries.

Behaviors can be modified with a systemic approach:

COMMUNICATION REINFORCEMENT CONSISTENCY

Reinforcements

Positive

– an action following a behavior that increases the probability the behavior will occur more often in the future

Negative

– an action following a behavior that reduces the probability the behavior will occur again or terminates the consequence

(BOTH WORK)

 Incentive Programs  Pay raises (bonuses & merits)  Time off (1/2 day or full day with pay)  Prizes (material awards)   Certificates “Pats on the back” (recognition) - Person-to-person - Within group meeting - Within organization

Employees are more likely to repeat behaviors that result in positive consequences

K. R. O. W. Card

Safe Act?

 Following Policy, Procedure, and Regulations. For example, using a spotter with a forklift.

Safe Condition?

 Identifying all known hazards in the workplace. Date: Job #: Task Observed: BJSA Reviewed Supervisor Reviewed Safe Act Describe Observation: K. R. O. W. CARD Time: Supervisor: YES NO YES NO Safe Condition ADDITIONAL POSITIVES (list below) Observation Tips Housekeeping Trash, tripping hazards, cords, material storage, access Fall Protection Railings, tie-offs, anchorage, PPE, inspection Scaffolds, Ladders, Stairways Inspect, tag position, tie-off PPE Head, face, hands, hearing, feet, clothing Excavations In spected, sloped, shore, vibration, air-tested, permit Material Handling Hoisting, rigging, proper use, inspection Vehicles, Mobile Equipment Inspection and Operation Tools and Equipment S election, use, and maintenance Fire Protection Ignition control, permit, extinguishing equipment, fir watch training.

Confined Space P ermit, testing, attendant training, retrieval equipment Planning, Communication C ommunications, resources, toolbox LO/TO and Electrical Verify energy control steps, GFCI, cords Work Practices Body position, cheaters, pinch points, proper tools Chemical Exposure Hazard communication, air monitoring, H2S meter Permit/Hazard Evaluations P ermit complete, hazards id, effective controls BJSA If BJSA is incomplete please fill out the

RED

side of the card

K

eeping

R

isk

O

ut of the

W

orkplace

 Sit down conversation  Written reprimand  Termination  Docking the pay  Job limitation (take the fringes away)  Peer pressure  Group feedback sessions

With both techniques, what will motivate the employee?

Unsafe Act?

 Violation of Policy, Procedure’s, and Regulation’s.

Unsafe Condition?

 Not identifying all job related hazards.

Date: Job #: Task Observed: BJSA Reviewed Supervisor Reviewed Unsafe Act Describe Observation: K. R. O. W. CARD Time: Supervisor: YES NO YES NO Unsafe Condition Worst Thing that could happen: Actions Taken: Action to Prevent Recurrence: KPI’s P-Positive Housekeeping Fall Protection Vehicles Scaffolds, Ladders, Stairways P. P. E.

Excavations Material Handling Confined Space BJSA N-Negative Mobile Equipment Hand & Power Tools Fire Protection Planning& Communication LO/TO & Electrical Work Practices Chemical Exposure Permits Other

K

eeping

R

isk

O

ut of the

W

orkplace

 Stop unsafe acts before they lead to an accident  Replace unsafe behaviors with safe habits  Help employees make better choices about working safely  Coach employees in safety policies, safety talks and tailgate meetings 

“Walk the Talk”

and do it with everyone

 Focus on the behavior not the person  Be clear & concise about the behavior you observed  It doesn’t hurt to provide a positive in with the negative  Explain our Mission

“everyone goes home the way they came to work”

(CARE!!)  Explain the policy and the reasons WHY there is a policy

(“because that’s the rule”

is NOT a good explanation)  Reiterate your expectations of the employee and the work group  Thank the employee for their time and cooperation

OBSERVATIONS (At Risk Only) Supervisor or Team Totals

% by Discrep. Type

A B C D E F G

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

H I J K L M N O P

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 #DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#### #DIV/0!

0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0

 Accident frequency & risk (liability) decreases  Employee Morale Improves  Employees feel and act safer (habits)  Employees take pride in safety  Employees experience the benefits of a safe work environment (personal safety & rewards)  Employees become more comfortable & involved in reporting accidents/incidents (and solutions to prevent recurrence)  Levels of participation in safety increases  Increased acceptance of responsibility and accountability for personal behavior

    Management commitment Supervisor commitment  1 per day Employee commitment  1 per month Completely fill out K.R.O.W. cards  Pencil whipping is not acceptable

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Every incident can be avoided

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No job is worth getting hurt over

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Every job will be done safely

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Accidents & incidents can be managed

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Safety is everyone’s responsibility!

Tool rest is to far away from grinding wheel. Wheel has grooves ground in, pieces of wheel could come apart and send fragments into air.

No safety latch on hook Rigging has tears Crane most likely has not been load tested annually

House Keeping

Folding ladders shall be opened fully with mechanical arms locked Ladder should extend 3’ past the working surface.

Ladder is not tied off

Never tie a knot in a piece of rigging to shorten it up!!!!

In case of an accident, fill out the Incident Report Form at: www.elkhornconstruction.com

Ron Bayless Front Range HS&E Elkhorn Construction, Inc.