Transcript Statics and Strength of Materials

NE 127 – Codes, Standards, and
Regulations
ASTM Standards
INSTRUCTOR: Chattanooga State CC
ASTM International
• Formerly known as American Society for Testing and
Materials (name changed in 2001)
• Approximately 30,000 members from more than 100
countries
– Student membership free (call 610-832-9500)
• Includes ~12,000 standards used worldwide
• Purpose of standards: “improve product quality, enhance
safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build
consumer confidence”
History of ASTM
• Formed in 1898 by chemists and engineers from the
Pennsylvania Railroad
– Spearheaded by chemist Dr. Charles B. Dudley
• Without standard material specifications, each manufacturer
followed its own material testing procedures
– Buyers of industrial products unable to ensure material quality and
uniformity
• Suppliers objected to standard material specifications and
testing procedures
– Feared customers more inclined to reject items and default on
contracts
History of ASTM, Continued
• Dr. Dudley concluded: “A good specification needs
both the knowledge of the product’s behavior during
manufacture and knowledge of those who know its
behavior while in service.”
– In other words, consensus needed among
producers and users
• 1901 – first standard issued (on steel rails)
ASTM International Standards
• Voluntary, unless incorporated into contracts or laws
• Used by scientists, engineers, architects, designers,
government agencies, etc.
• 1995 – National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act (Public Law 104-113)
– Requires government agencies to use privately developed
standards whenever possible
– Avoids cost of duplicating standards developing efforts
Development of Standards
• Anyone who identifies a need for standardization can
submit a request to ASTM headquarters
• Task group members prepare a draft standard
– Reviewed by appropriate subcommittee
– Voted on by electronic ballot
Development of Standards, Continued
• Final approval of standard depends on concurrence
by ASTM Standing Committee on Standards
– Ensures proper procedures followed (due process)
• May take as little as 9 months
About ASTM
ASTM Committees
• Currently 141 technical standards-writing
committees
• E-07 – Nondestructive Testing
– Example standard: E1316 Standard Terminology
for Nondestructive Examination
• Included in ASME BPVC Section V, Article 30 (as SE1316)
• E-11 – Quality and Statistics
E-07 Committee (Nondestructive
Testing)
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Formed in 1938
500+ members (from 25 countries)
190+ standards
Meets twice a year (January and June)
Standards published in volume 03.03 of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards (one of 80
volumes)
Scope of E-07 Committee
• Promotion of knowledge, stimulation of
research and the development of standard
specifications, test methods, practices, guides,
reference radiographs, terminology and
classifications related to nondestructive
examination methods, equipment and
applications
E-07 - Subcommittees
• E-07 committee on NDT includes 12 technical
subcommittees
• Subcommittee E07.01 Radiology (X and Gamma
Method)
– Covers 42 active standards
– E94-04 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination
• Included in ASME BPVC Section V, Article 22 (as SE-94)
• Covers types of materials to be examined, RT techniques and
production methods, film processing and storage, etc.
E-07 – Subcommittee E07.01
Continued
• Other standards covered by E07.01
– E1114-09 Standard Test Method for Determining
the Size of Iridium-192 Industrial Radiographic
Sources
– E1254-08 Standard Guide for Storage of
Radiographs and Unexposed Industrial
Radiographic Films
E-07 - Subcommittees
• Subcommittee E07.07 Electromagnetic Method
– Covers 20 active standards for ET
• Proposed new standards (or revisions) start with WK
prefix
E-11 Committee (Quality and
Statistics)
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Formed in 1946
260+ members
25 standards
Meets twice a year (October and April)
Standards published in volume 14.02 of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards
Scope of E-11 Committee
• Promote the appropriate use of the principles
and methods of statistics and quality control
in the development, application, and
improvement of standards
• Subcommittee E11.30 Statistical Quality Control
E-35 Committee (Pesticides and Alternative
Control Agents)
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Formed in 1973
24+ members
85 standards
Meets twice a year (October and April)
Standards published in volume 11.05 of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards
E35.15 Subcommittee
• ASTM E2755 - Test Method for Determining the BacteriaEliminating Effectiveness of Hand Sanitizer Formulations
Using Hands of Adults
– used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hand
sanitizers on the hands of human subjects
Other Committees
• E06 – Performance on Buildings (example indoor air
quality standards)
• F15 – Consumer Products (example toy safety)
• F08 – Sports Equipment and Facilities (standards for
swingsets, trampolines, pools, etc.)
Student Membership
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• AWS Standards