Transcript Part 1 National Growth - West Orange

Part 1 National Growth
► After
the War of 1812
the nation was finally
out from under the
threat of war for the
first time in its
existence. The nations
trading partners in
Europe was also had
peace and so the
nation’s economy grew
tremendously.
Industrial
Industrial Revolution
Revolution began in
Britain during the
late 1700s.
► It involved the use
of factory machines
that replaced hand
tools.
► Large-scale
The Industrial Revolution was a
manufacturing
time period when industry and
replaced farming
Manufacturing increased
and various cottage tremendously
industries as the
main form of work.
► The
Industrializing the United States
►
►
►
Many people did not want
the United States to
industrialize.
However, during the War
of 1812 the British
blockade kept imported
goods from reaching the
United States.
This forced Americans to
start manufacturing their
own goods.
► Brought
The Factory System
many workers and machines
together under one roof. The most
common factories were for the cotton
industry like textile factories and
spinning mills.
► Most factories were built near water,
which powered the machines.
► People left farms to work in factories
Textile is cloth
► Samuel Slater started a spinning mill
made from cotton
were he hired children to turn raw
cotton into cloth using machines.
First Factories
► America
built its first
factories in New
England.
► This region’s rivers
provided water power.
Ships had access to
the ocean…perfect for
trade!
► There were many
willing workers,
including immigrants.
Francis Cabot Lowell
► 1813:
built a factory town in
Waltham, Massachusetts, that
produced cotton, yarn, and cloth.
► The factory’s success led to the
building of Lowell, a factory town
near the Merrimack and Concord
rivers.
► The Lowell Mills employed farm
girls who worked 12 hour days in
deafening noise and lived in
company-owned boardinghouses
Eli Whitney
►
►
In 1798, the U.S. government
hired the inventor Eli Whitney
to make 10,000 muskets for
the army. Up until then, guns
were made one at a time, by
hand.
In 1801, Whitney
demonstrated the use of
parts that were exactly alike,
or interchangeable.
Interchangeable parts =
faster production!
► Became standard in
industries
► Made repairs easy
► Allowed the use of lower
paid, less skilled workers
►
► Whitney’s
is also
famous for inventing
the cotton gin in 1793.
► This engine could
separate the cotton lint
from its seeds quickly.
► It caused an explosion
in the cotton industry.
► Cotton became the #1
industry in the south
and the use of slavery
increased greatly.
The Cotton Gin
► Using
the newly invented
Robert
steam engine, Robert
Fulton invented a motorized
steamboat that could move
against the current or
strong wind.
► In 1807, he launched the
steamboat Clermont on the
Hudson River. It was
successful and with in a few
years steamboats became
the way to travel on
American waterways, the
airlines of their day.
Fulton
Samuel F. B. Morse
► In
1837 Morse invented the
telegraph and developed
Morse Code, which became
the common telegraph
language.
► By 1861, telegraph lines
spanned the country
► Faster communication, the
email of the day.
► Brought the people closer
together as a nation…more
unity!
"What hath God wrought?” was the
first telegraph message ever sent
Agriculture
►
►
►
Several inventions
increased farm production.
In 1836, John Deere
invented a lightweight
plow with a steel cutting
edge.
His invention made it
easier for farmers to
prepare heavy Midwestern
soil for planting.
Cyrus McCormick
► In
1834, Cyrus McCormick’s reaper cut ripe grain.
► The threshing machine separated kernels of wheat
from husks. Increased wheat production tremendously
Working Together
►
►
►
New farming equipment
helped Midwestern farmers
feed Northeastern factory
workers.
Midwestern farmers
became a market for the
goods manufactured in the
Northeast.
Northeastern textile mills
increased the need for
Southern cotton.
New technologies
linked regions of the
United States
together.
THE GOOD…..
Increased the OVERALL demand for:
►Manufactured goods
►Immigrant workers
►Cotton growing
Triggered:
►Regional Growth
►Industrialization
►Increased need for cotton
THE BAD…..
Slavery:
►Increased demands for slave labor in the south.
Native Americans:
►Demand for more land by southern planters led to
more loss of Native American land
Also:
►Led to crowded cities, child labor, sectional
differences between the North, South, and West.