Transcript Introduction to PSP - Poznań University of Technology
Personal Software Process Lecture 4 Developing an Effective Personality
www.cs.put.poznan.pl/~nawrocki/mse/psp/ Copyright, 1999 © Jerzy R. Nawrocki
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J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Introduction
“.. new hires do not know how to communicate , they have insufficient (..) preparation for working as part of a team , they lack ability to manage their individual work in an effective manner and productive ..”
Introduction
• Balanced self-renewal : sharpen the saw • Creative co-operation : synergize • Empathic communication : seek first to understand, then to be understood • Interpersonal leadership : think win/win • Personal management : put first things first • Personal leadership : begin with the end in mind • Personal vision : be proactive J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Plan of the lecture
• Introduction
• Personal vision
• Personal leadership • Efficient time management • Effective time management • Delegation • Public victory principles J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal vision
• Genetic determinism Your grandparents did it to you.
• Psychic determinism Your parents did it to you.
• Environmental determinism Your boss did it to you.
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal vision
Freedom to Choose Response Stimulus Self awareness Imagination J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Independent will Conscience
Personal vision
Proactivity > taking initiative Proactivity ~ responsibility Responsibility = response-ability REACTIVE PEOPLE ..
are affected by the weather when people treat them well they behave well PROACTIVE PEOPLE ..
are value driven are still influenced by external stimuli but their response is value-based J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Reactive language
Personal vision
Proactive language There’s nothing I can do.
That’s just the way I am.
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Let’s look at our alternatives. I can choose a different approach.
Reactive language
Personal vision
Proactive language He makes me so mad.
I must ..
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 I control my own feelings.
I decide to ..
Reactive focus J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal vision
Circle of Circle of Influence Concern
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal vision
Circle of Proactive focus Circle of Influence Concern
Personal vision
Three kinds of problems: • direct control (personal victories) • indirect control (public victories) • no control J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal vision
Lord, give me • the courage to change the things which can and ought to be changed, • the serenity to accept the things which cannot be changed, and • the wisdom to know the difference.
- Alcoholics Anonymous prayer
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Plan of the lecture
• Introduction • Personal vision
• Personal leadership
• Efficient time management • Effective time management • Delegation • Public victory principles J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal leadership
Leadership management “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.”
- Peter Drucker & Warren Bennis
Leadership: defining the aims and setting the goals J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal leadership
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Personal leadership: who I would like to be ?
In 3 years from now, in 10 years, ..
Begin with the end in mind Effectiveness vs. efficiency The visualisation technique All things are created twice
Personal leadership
A personal mission statement • What you want to be (character) ? • What you want to do ? (contributions and achievements) • What are the values and principles upon which being and doing are based ?
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Personal leadership
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Identifying roles and goals • A husband / wife • A father / mother • A son / brother • A worker • A citizen • A friend ...
Personal leadership
Leadership > writing a mission statement Visualisation & affirmation It is deeply satisfying (
emotional
) that I (
personal
) respond (
present tense
) with wisdom, love, firmness and self-control (
positive
) when my children misbehave. A good affirmation is • personal • positive • in present tense • visual • emotional J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Plan of the lecture
• Introduction • Personal vision • Personal leadership
• Efficient time management
• Effective time management • Delegation • Public victory principles J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Efficient time management
Read selectively J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Have a place for everything and keep everything in its place
Efficient time management
• Reserve some time during the day when others don’t have access to you • Do one important thing at a time but several trivial things simultaneously.
• Do something productive while waiting.
• Make a list of some 5- or 10-minute discretionary tasks.
• Save your best time for important matters.
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Efficient time management
Read a book Attend two lectures Meet Adam
!!! Very important !
Important
? Not so important ??? Unimportant
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Make a list of things to perform today Prioritise you tasks
Efficient time management
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 • Keep track of time use.
• Don’t put things off.
• Set deadlines.
• Finish at least one thing every day.
• Divide up large tasks.
• Don’t worry about anything continually.
• Don’t over-schedule the day.
Plan of the lecture
• Introduction • Personal vision • Personal leadership • Efficient time management
• Effective time management
• Delegation • Public victory principles J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Effective time management
Things which matter most must never be at the mercy of things which matter least.
- J. Goethe
Effective vs. efficient time management Effective time management: put first things first J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Effective time management
Four generations of time management 4. The focus should be on ourselves instead of things and time ; what really matters is relationships and results 3. Prioritisation, setting goals (long-, intermediate- and short-term), daily planning, scheduling the tasks 2. Calendars and appointment books 1. Notes and checklists J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Effective time management
Urgent I Crises, pressing problems, deadline-driven projects III Interruptions, some calls, some mail, some reports, some meetings, pressing matters, popular activities J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Not urgent II Prevention, relationship building, planning, recreation, recognising new opportunities IV Trivia, busy work, some mail, some phone calls, time wasters, pleasant activities
Effective time management
Urgent I Results: Stress, burnout, crisis management, always putting out fires Not urgent II Results: Vision, perspective, balance, discipline, control, few crises III Results: IV Results: Short-term focus, crisis management, see goals and plans as worthless, out of control, feel victimised J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4 Total irresponsibility, fired from jobs, dependent on others or institutions for basics
Effective time management Let’s go for fishing No, thank you
To say “ yes ” to important Quadrant II priorities, you have to learn to say “ no ” to other activities, sometimes apparently urgent things.
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Effective time management
Requirements for a quadrant II organiser • Coherence (mission and goals, priorities and plans) • Balance (between the roles) • Quadrant II focus (a weekly basis) • A “people” dimension • Flexibility (tailoring the tool) • Portability (palmtop ?) J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Effective time management
Quadrant II activities • Identifying roles • Writing the mission statement • Selecting goals • Scheduling • Daily adapting J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Plan of the lecture
• Introduction • Personal vision • Personal leadership • Efficient time management • Effective time management
• Delegation
• Public victory principles J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Delegation
Delegation increases our production capability Two kinds of delegation: • gofer delegation • stewardship delegation J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Delegation
Five aspects of stewardship delegation • Desired results • Guidelines • Resources • Accountability • Consequences J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Plan of the lecture
• Introduction • Personal vision • Personal leadership • Efficient time management • Effective time management • Delegation
• Public victory principles
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Public victory principles
• Think win / win (or no deal) • Seek first to understand, then to be understood • Synergize J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Summary
• Be proactive • Begin with the end in mind • Efficient / effective time management • Put first things first • Delegate tasks • Think “win/win or no deal” • Seek first to understand ..
• Synergize
Further readings
Stephen R. Covey, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, Simon & Schuster, London, 1992.
David Whetten, K. Cameron, M. Woods, Developing Management Skills for Europe, Addison-Wesley, Harlow, 1994.
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4
Homework
• Define your roles • Write your mission statement • Design your planning tool • Prepare your plan for the next week
Quality assessment
1. What is your general impression ? (1 - 6) 2. Was it too slow or too fast ?
3. Did you learn something important to you ?
4. What to improve and how ?
J. Nawrocki, PSP, Lecture 4