English 10

Quarter 4 Vocabulary List 1

Alliteration

Repetition of beginning sounds of words.

Example:

P

eter

P

iper

P

icked a

P

eck Like Tongue Twisters

Assonance

Repeating similar sounds, especially of the vowel sound in words.

Examples:

p e n i t e nt

and

r e t i c e nce

Consonance

Repetition of consonants at the end of words Examples: Blan k and thin k Stron g and strin g

Homonym

• a word the same as another in sound and spelling but different in meaning Bank (an embankment--) Bank (place where money is kept)

Homophone

• a word pronounced the same as another but differing in meaning, whether spelled the same way or not

Rime (also spelled

Rhyme

)

• A poem or verse having a regular correspondence of sounds, especially at the ends of lines.

Onomatopoeia

• Words that imitate the sound they make.

Lyric poetry

• a type of emotional songlike poetry, distinguished from dramatic and narrative poetry

Ode

• A kind of poem devoted to the praise of a person, animal, or thing. An ode is usually written in an elevated style and often expresses deep feeling.

Sonnet

14 line poem written in iambic pentameter with a definite rhyme scheme.

• Iambic unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (like a heartbeat).

• Pentameter 5 feet = 10 syllables

English 10

Quarter 4 Vocabulary List 2

Genre

A class or category of artistic endeavor having a particular form, content, technique, etc… Example:

Sonnet or A Play

Diamante

A seven line poem, shaped like a diamond

Two-voice Poem

Poem that expresses the opinion of two speakers on the same subject

Free verse

•

Verse that does not follow a fixed metrical pattern

ONE BEAT TWO BEATS FOUR BEATS

Lyric poetry

• a type of emotional songlike poetry, distinguished from dramatic and narrative poetry

Cinquain

• A short poem consisting of five, usually unrhymed lines containing, respectively, 2, 4, 6, 8, & 2 syllables per line; any stanza of five lines

Stanza

• An arrangement of a certain number of lines, usually four or more, sometimes having a fixed length, meter, or rhyme scheme, forming a division in a poem.

Couplet

• Two lines of poetry that contain end rhyme

•

Rhyme Scheme

• The pattern of rhymes used in a poem, usually marked by letters to symbolize correspondences (ababbcc). (REPETITION)

Quatrain

four lines of poetry that contain end rhyme

English 10

Quarter 4 Vocabulary List 3

Anaphora

The deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several successive verses, clauses, or paragraphs

Example

:

"We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills" (Winston S. Churchill).

Repetition

the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device

Example

: "What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny compared to what lies within us." ( Ralph Waldo Emerson )

Inversion

the reversal of the normal order of words

Example

: saying "echoed the hills" to mean "the hills echoed."

Declarative Sentence

• • commonly makes a statement

Example

:

I am going home.

Imperative Sentence

• • used to make a demand or request

Example

:

Go do your homework.

Exclamatory Sentence

• • generally a more emphatic form of statement

Example

:

What a wonderful day this is!

Interrogative Sentence

• • commonly used to request information — Example: summer?

What are you going to do all

Rhetorical Devices

• a technique that an author or speaker uses to evoke an emotional response in his audience (his reader(s) or listener(s)). These emotional responses are central to the meaning of the work or speech, and should also get the audience's attention.

Style

• in literature, the mysterious yet recognizable result of a successful blending of form with content

Syntax

sentence structure

Example

: Complex sentences=

When the bell rings

(dependent clause),

walk out

(main clause).

English 10

Quarter 4 Vocabulary List 4

Prose

• Ordinary speech or writing, without metrical structure. • Commonplace expression or quality

Example

:

John opened the door.

Voice

expression in spoken or written words, or by other means

Example

: She voiced her disapproval in a letter to the committee.

Tone

a particular style or manner, as of writing or speech; Example:

the ghoulish tone of Poe's stories

.

Persona

• the narrator of or a character in a literary work, sometimes identified with the author* • a person's perceived or evident personality, as that of a well-known official, actor, or celebrity; personal image; public role

Point of View

• the position of the narrator in relation to the story Where is the Narrator trying To take me?

First Person Point of View

• the narrator is a character in the story • the first person commonly uses: "I saw, We did,", etc

Example

: I jumped out of the plane.

Objective Point of View

• can record only what is seen and heard. It cannot comment, interpret, or enter a character's mind. The purest example of a story told from the objective point would be one written entirely in dialogue .

Omniscient Point of View

• The story is told by the author, using the third person, and his knowledge and choices are unlimited. He can interpret the behavior of his characters; he can comment, if he wishes, on the significance of the story he is telling .

Limited Omniscient Point of View

The author tells the story in the third person, but he tells it from the viewpoint of one character in the story

Narrative

consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story

Example

: narrative poetry

English 10

Quarter 4 Vocabulary List 5

Mood

• refers to the general sense or feeling which the reader is supposed to get from the text

Symbolism

A person, place or object which has a meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well. Things, characters and actions can be symbols. Anything that suggests a meaning beyond the obvious Example: bright sunshine = goodness

Imagery

. Language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses Example: (auditory) Mowing - the scythe whispering to the ground

Diction

• the term for a writer or speaker's distinctive choices in vocabulary and style of expression

Connotation

• The meaning a word takes when spoken in everyday language • Example: Clean= tight/good “Yo, Mrs. Huff-izzle, that’s clean!”

Plot

•

Also called storyline.

the plan, scheme, or main story of a literary or dramatic work

Static Character

• Character remains the same from beginning to end .

Dynamic Character

• character that undergoes a significant (internal) change throughout the story

Allusion

a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by implication: an allusion to Shakespeare.

Foreshadow

An author’s use of hints or clues to suggest events that will occur later in the story

English 10

Quarter 4 Vocabulary List 6

Simile

• Definition: Comparison between two objects or ideas connecting them with the word or • Example: “With that came in a wealthy knight, Which was both grave and old, And after him a finikin lass, Did shine like glistening gold .” from

Robin Hood and Allin a Dale

Metaphor

• Definition: Comparison of two unlike things not using

like

or

as

. • Example: You are a tulip.

Hyperbole

• Definition: Exaggeration or overstatement. • Examples: I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.

He's as big as a house.

Understatement

• to state or represent less strongly or strikingly than the facts would bear out • Example: The lessons I learn in Mrs. Huff’s English class will only help me in school.

Personification

Definition: Giving human characteristics to animals, ideas, or inorganic objects. Example: “The wind stood up and gave a shout.” - from

The Wind

by James Stephens

Irony

• • Irony is the contrast between what is expected or what appears to be and what actually is.

Example

: ‘How nice!’ when I said I had to work all weekend.

Theme

• The main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work • Example: "it was the usual 'boy gets girl' theme"

Oxymoron

• a figure of speech which produces seemingly self-contradictory effect • Example: “cruel kindness”

Paradox

A seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true.

Example

: Standing is more tiring than walking.

Pun

The humorous use of a word or phrase so as to emphasize or suggest its different meanings or applications, or the use of words that are alike or nearly alike in sound but different in meaning; a play on words.