VSUE

Lectures on STYLISTICS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE Presented by Tamara Ivanovna Leontieva Foreign Languages Center, Department of Intercultural Communication and Translation 2008

What is STYLE?

Style in general and style in linguistics

S T Y L E

, n

1. A particular kind, sort or type, as with reference to form, appearance, or character:

the baroque style; the style of the house

.

2. A particular , distinctive, or characteristic mode of action or manner of acting:

They do these things in a grand style

.

3. A mode of living as with respect to expense or display, etc.

STYLE in linguistics

The mode of expressing thought in writing or speaking by selecting and arranging words, to create clearness, effectiveness, euphony, or the like, that is characteristic of a group, period, person, personality, etc.:

to write in the style of Faulkner;

a familiar style; a pompous, pedantic style (Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English l-ge)

STYLE in literature

Style in literature

is an expression of the writer’s or speaker’s personality and his way of looking at life.

This explains the famous and much-quoted definition of style given by Buffon, a French writer and naturalist of the XVIII century. He wrote: ‘Le style, c’est l’homme měme’. (Style, it is the man himself .)

Robert Frost:

«All the fun’s in how you say a thing»

Suppose that a certain John Smith has just died. His son, writing a few days later to one of his friends, might say: (1) My beloved father

has joined the heavenly choir

OR (2) My dear father

has passed away

OR (3) My father

has died

OR (4) My old man has

kicked the bucket

.

The subject of stylistics

1) to study the principles of choosing different linguostylistic means for making an impact on the reader or listener; 2) to investigate linguostylistic means : lexical, grammatical, phonetic, syntactical which create a special emotional effect ; (to be continued)

The subject of stylistics - 2

3) to survey a system of special stylistic devices ( SD ); 4) to analyze different functional styles of the literary language; 5) to describe the individual manner of an author in making use of the language.

Mind the difference between language and speech!

What is

language?

Language

is literally the

material

of the literary artist. Every literary work is

a selection

a given language, just as a from work of sculpture is made from a block of marble with some pieces chipped off.

(After A.Warner)

What is

speech?

Speech

deals with real

texts

either oral or written. The material of the language (vocabulary, phraseology, syntax) is used in

texts

to render a certain

content

or to pass different

“purports”.

(After O.Akhmanova, R.Idzelis)

LANGUAGE vs SPEECH

• People as members of speech community • Interaction with members of the same community or other communities • The use of language means for passing on different “purports”, including ways of affecting the reader or listener • Language as the source of our speech activity .

Style of language

1. Vocabulary, phraseology, syntax.

2. Expressive, emotional and evaluative properties of linguistic means (denotative and connotative meanings of linguistic units).

Style of speech

Style of speech

deals with specific (concrete) real texts proizvedeniya reči and answers the question: how do they render the content using not only correct grammar, but also it?

deviations from

What is STYLISTICS?

Stylistics

is a branch of linguistics examining the principles and effect of

the choice and use

of lexical, grammatical, phonetic, and in general

language means

for conveying thoughts and emotions in different communicative situations (I.V.Arnold).

LITERATURE

1. Арнольд И.В.Стилистика. Современный английский язык. - М.: Флинта: Наука, 2002. - 384 с.

2. Ивашкин М.П. и др. Практикум по стилистике английского языка. - М.: АСТ: Восток-Запад, 2005. - 101 с.

3. Скребнев Ю.М. Основы стилистики английского языка. - М.: Астрель, 2000. 224 с.

LITERATURE (доп. прогр.)

1. Lecture 1 in the blue file in the Resource Center (copy it and study carefully). 2. Kukharenko V.A. Seminars in Style. Make notes of pp.5-10.