Transcript Folie 1
AQUA-CSP Work Packages: 1. Technologies (combination of CSP and desalting technologies) 2. Water and Solar Energy Resources 3. Demand Side Scenario 4. CSP Market Potential 2000-2050 5. Socio-Economic Impacts 6. Environmental Impacts 7. Literature WP 4: CSP Markets Middle East & North Africa AQUA-CSP Middle East & North Africa Water Consumption [Bm³/y] 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2000 2005 2010 2015 Natural Water Used Groundwater Over-Use 2020 2025 2030 Wastewater reused CSP Desalination 2035 2040 2045 2050 Fossil Fuel Desalination Efficiency Gains WP 4: CSP Markets North Africa AQUA-CSP Water Consumption [Bm³/y] North Africa 200 200 180 180 160 160 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 2000 2005 2010 Natural Water Used Groundwater Over-Use 2015 2020 2025 Wastewater reused CSP Desalination 2030 2035 2040 2045 0 2050 Fossil Fuel Desalination Total Demand North Africa WP 4: CSP Markets Western Asia AQUA-CSP Water Consumption [Bm³/y] Western Asia 250 250 200 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 2000 2005 2010 Natural Water Used Groundwater Over-Use 2015 2020 2025 Wastewater reused CSP Desalination 2030 2035 2040 2045 0 2050 Fossil Fuel Desalination Total Demand Western Asia WP 4: CSP Markets Arabian Peninsula AQUA-CSP Water Consumption [Bm³/y] Arabian Peninsula 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Natural Water Used Fossil Fuel Desalination CSP Desalination 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Wastewater reused Groundwater Over-Use Total Demand Arabian Peninsula 0 2050 WP 4: CSP Markets By Country AQUA-CSP 140 120 100 80 60 40 CSP Desalination Potential [billion m³/y] CSP Desalination Potential [Bm³/y] 160 12 Bahrain Yemen UAE 10 Saudi Arabia Qat ar 8 Kuwait Oman Iran 6 Iraq Syria 4 Lebanon Jordan Israel 2 Palest ine Egypt Libya 0 20 2020 Tunisia Year Morocco Algeria 0 2000 2010 2020 2030 Year 2040 2050 Bahrain Yemen UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Kuwait Oman Iran Iraq Syria Lebanon Jordan Israel Palestine Egypt Libya Tunisia Algeria Morocco WP 4: CSP Markets By Country AQUA-CSP Coast Potential - Oman (20 m a. s. l.) 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 2000 2005 2010 2015 Natural Water Used Groundwater Over-Use 2020 2025 2030 Wastewater reused CSP Desalination 2035 2040 2045 Desalination Potential [Bm³/y] Water Consumption [Bm³/y] Oman 0.0 2050 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 Fossil Fuel Desalination Total Demand Oman DNI [kWh/m²a] Oman Population MP Exploitable Water Sustainable Water Irrigation Efficiency Agricultural Use Municipal Efficiency Municipal Use Industrial Use Total Demand Oman per capita Consumption Wastewater reused Non-sustainable Water CSP Desalination Fossil Fuel Desalination Groundwater Over-Use Mp Bm³/y Bm³/y % Bm³/y % Bm³/y Bm³/y Bm³/y m³/cap/y Bm³/y Bm³/y Bm³/y Bm³/a Bm³/y 2000 2.4 0.99 0.99 0.50 1.2 0.65 0.1 0.0 1.4 567 0.009 0.4 0.00 0.1 0.3 2010 2.9 0.99 1.02 0.52 1.4 0.68 0.13 0.04 1.6 551 0.0 0.6 0.00 0.2 0.4 2020 3.5 0.99 1.04 0.54 1.7 0.70 0.17 0.05 1.9 538 0.1 0.8 0.08 0.4 0.4 2030 4.1 0.99 1.08 0.56 1.9 0.73 0.22 0.07 2.2 527 0.1 0.4 0.63 0.4 0.0 2040 4.6 0.99 1.14 0.58 2.0 0.76 0.28 0.08 2.4 519 0.1 0.3 0.98 0.3 0.0 2050 5.0 0.99 1.21 0.60 2.1 0.78 0.33 0.10 2.6 512 0.2 0.0 1.32 0.0 0.0 Kuwait Population MP Exploitable Water Sustainable Water Mp Bm³/y Bm³/y 2000 2.2 0.02 0.07 2010 3 0.02 0.20 2020 3.7 0.02 0.40 2030 4.3 0.02 0.64 2040 4.8 0.02 0.91 2050 5.3 0.02 1.22 > 2800 WP 4: CSP Markets Total AQUA-CSP 440 10 0 1 90 5 0 1 1,650 50 0 1 20,000 150 90 2 10,000 43 40 2 170,000 165 90 3 Technical CSP Electricity Potential Local CSP Electricity Market 2050 Export CSP Electricity Market 2050 CSP Desalination Market 2050 45 4 0 1 140,000 22 90 26 617,000 TWh/y 1700 TWh/y 700 TWh/y 500 TWh/y 400 50 0 1 75,000 395 90 225 10,000 120 6,500 60 50 50 30,000 190 30 2 60 3 (www.dlr.de/tt/med-csp) (www.dlr.de/tt/med-csp) (www.dlr.de/tt/trans-csp) (www.dlr.de/tt/aqua-csp) 125,000 135 90 110 5,000 150 0 40 3,000 20 30 23 20,000 22 30 5 WP 4: CSP Markets Total AQUA-CSP Installed Capacity [GW] 600 500 400 Desalination Export Electricity Local Electricity 300 200 100 0 2000 2010 2020 2030 Year 2040 2050 AQUA-CSP WP 4: CSP Markets Conclusions Sustainable supply must be initiated immediately to avoid groundwater collapse Increase efficiency of water production, distribution, end-use and management Increase re-use of waste water Start introduction and dissemination of CSP-desalination plants Over-use of groundwater will increase still from 45 Bm³/y to 70 Bm³/y in 2020 Conventional desalination will grow by a factor of 5 All measures should be taken to avoid groundwater collapse, but CSP is the key to sustainability