Transcript Earth in Space

Chapter 1, lesson 1
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Earth moves through space in two major ways
1. Rotation
2. Revolution
The imaginary line that passes through
Earth’s center and the North and South poles
is Earth’s axis.
The spinning of Earth on its axis is called
rotation, which causes day and night.
Earth also travels around the sun. This is
known as a revolution.
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A calendar is a system of organizing time that
defines the beginning, length, and division of
a year.
The ancient Egyptians created one of the first
calendars.
The Romans borrowed the Egyptian calendar
of 365 days.
Earth orbits the sub in about 365 ¼ days. The
Romans added one day every four years,
which is known as a “leap year.”
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Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as
it revolves around the sun.
Most places outside the tropics and polar
regions have four distinct seasons: winter,
spring, summer and autumn.
Summer and winter are caused by Earth’s tilt
as it revolves around the sun. The change in
seasons is not caused by changes in Earth’s
distance from the sun.
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The sun reaches its greatest distance north or
south of the equator twice each year. This is
known as a solstice. Summer solstice and
Winter Distance.
Halfway between the solstices, neither
hemisphere it tilted away or toward the sun.
This occurs twice a year, known as the vernal
and autumnal equinox. During an equinox
“equal night,” day and night are each about
12 hours long everywhere on Earth.