Transcript Slide 1
Safe at Home Child injury prevention update for Bristol’s childminders Rob Benington Injury Prevention Manger NHS Bristol This presentation: Injuries in Bristol Injuries and child development 0-6 months Toddlers Growing older Parents Preventing injuries High severity Our (annual) UK child injury burden Low numbers Deaths (231) Lower severity Emergency admissions (124,000) High numbers Attendances at emergency departments (2,000,000) (Figures are approximate annual totals for different age groups : deaths 0-18; admissions 0-14, attendances, 0-16) Minor injuries treated at Health Centres and GP surgeries or at home References Injury pyramid: BMA (2001) Injury Prevention Very minor (often untreated) injuries Bristol’s 0-16 annual injury burden Deaths: one or two 1,000+ emergency admissions 13,000+ emergency attendances “Injuries do not occur by chance. They are largely preventable, nonrandom events, and not “accidents”. Certain groups of people with certain characteristics are more likely to be injured. By studying how injuries vary within a population, we can begin to gain an understanding of the factors that lead to injury, and how the risk of injury may be reduced”. Injury Prevention, British Medical Association, (2001). ‘Accidents’ waiting to happen ‘Accidents’ waiting to happen ‘Accidents’ waiting to happen “...certain groups of people are more likely to be injured....” Children of poor families have more injuries 100 Injury death rates in children 0-15 by social class. (BMA, 2001.) 80 60 40 20 1979-1983 1989-1992 0 1 2 3n 3m 4 5 Social Class 1 (Richer)........Social Class 5 (Poorer) “...certain groups of people...” Children... • of single parents • of alcohol and drug users • living in rented accommodation • of unemployed parents .....are at higher risk of injury. Mapping injury rate shows link to deprivation in Bristol Relative rates of unintentional injury The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and accidental injuries 0-6 months • • • • • Rolling at 3 months Crawling at 6 months Grabbing Hand to mouth Random ‘lashing’ about 0-6 months injury risks • Rolling + Crawling Falls Suffocation • Grabbing + Hand to mouth Choking Hot drink scalds • Random ‘lashing’ about Hot drink scalds Toddlers • ‘Head-heavy’ toddling • Exploring, climbing, reaching • Hand to mouth Toddlers injury risks • ‘Heavy headed’ toddling Falls Falls • Exploring, climbing, reaching Drowning Hot drink scalds Strangulation • Hand to mouth Choking Poisoning Getting older • • • • Copying (Wanna be like you..) Playing, exploring, learning Climbing No sense of danger.. Risks • Copying Poisoning Bathwater scalds Kitchen hazards • Playing, exploring learning what’s nice • Climbing Falls Poisoning Falls Prevention = The 5 E’s Engineering Enforcement Education Engagement Empowerment “Common sense inn’it?” Deprived Risk Average Rob Prevention = The 5 E’s Engineering Enforcement Education Engagement Empowerment BURNS and SCALDS under 2 years Burns and scalds – Causes 1. 2. 3. 4. Hot drinks Hot food Bathwater Hair straighteners / irons Hot water burns like fire Place burn occured 50 45 40 35 30 6 months % 15 months% 24 months% % 25 20 15 10 5 Li vi ng se re sp on N o th er O hr oo m B at id e ut s O ar ea /b ed ro om K itc he n 0 Cause of burn Drinks/cooking water Food/utensil Kitchen appliance Heating appliance Bath Sun Cigarette Other No response 6 months 24 months 15 months Kitchen Falls in under 5’s - Causes • Stairs and steps • Falling from furniture (sofas, bunk beds, high chairs) • Falling from beds when having nappies changed • Baby walkers • Climbing routes Falls in under 5’s - Prevention • Childproofing Use stair gates and window locks, break climbing routes by moving furniture. • Rules No (stair) climbing without a parent. No play on bunk beds. Strap into high chairs Causes of poisoning 1. Common painkillers and cold remedies are the single biggest cause of serious childhood poisoning. 2. Things not put away in their safe place. 3. Batteries, coins, small toys, pins, keys and other small objects are left where small children can reach them. Preventing Poisoning Safe storage, straight away Preventing Poisoning • Tidy up. • Lock away above head height. (Treat all pills, medicines, liquid painkillers and cold remedies like prescription medicines). • Straight away. Health visitors in Nottingham found poisoning happens when things are left out because they are still in use, or “will be put away later”). Things to do (please) Check blind cords Scrutinise the hot drink policy in your setting Check where your poisons are kept Ask for free stuff from health promotion Tell parents what you’re doing and why Further information Avonsafe www.tinyurl.com\avonsafe RoSPA www.rospa.com Child Accident Prevention Trust www.capt.org.uk