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Unit Four Review O’Neal Elementary 4th Grade Vocabulary Review Words • tangles- things twisted together, such as strands of hair • rumbling- heavy, deep, and rolling • globe – another name for Earth and its shape • fuels – substances burned to make heat or power • decayed – has become rotten • risks- chances of harm or loss; dangers • coral: a group of small animal skeletons that forms a reef. Vocabulary Review Words • obedience- behaving properly and respectfully as asked • desperate- reckless because of having no hope • neglected- gave too little care or attention to • endured- put up with • reef: a ridge of sand, rock, or coral under the ocean or other body of water. • brittle: can be easily broken. • admitting: telling the truth about what you have done Context Clues • If the meaning of a word are unfamiliar, you should always look at the words around it, the context, to see if there are clues to its definition. Context Clues Quia Context Clues Millionaire Game Poetry: Limericks • A limerick is a funny poem with a specific pattern of rhyme and meter. All limericks have five lines. • Meter is the rhythm, or beat, of a poem. It is created by the arrangement of accented and unaccented syllables in a line. • Rhyme Scheme is the pattern of rhymes in a poem. Capital letters are used to represent each individual rhyme. Poetry Writing Poetry Practice Author’s Purpose • Authors write to entertain, inform, or persuade. Deciding which of these purposes an author has in writing a story can help the you make judgments. • You can use your own judgment and experience to help you evaluate and author’s purpose. Author’s Purpose Quiz Author’s Purpose: Persuasion • When the author’s purpose is to persuade, he or she is trying to convince the reader to do or believe something. Sometimes the author’s opinions are not stated directly, or they may be stated as if they are facts. They can be inferred from the author’s choice of words. Readers should look for loaded words that are meant to cause an emotional response in the reader. Techniques of Persuasion • Most advertising makes use of techniques of persuasion to convince readers to buy a particular product or service. Authors may use some of the same techniques. • Techniques of persuasion include, among others, testimonials or endorsements, bandwagon, and the repetition of catch phrases and slogans. Clue Persuasion Technique Clue Clue Figurative Language: Personification • The literary device of personification is a kind of figurative language that authors use to give human qualities or characteristics to an animal, object, or idea. Analyze Text Structure • An author must choose a structure that will best communicate what he or she wants to say to the reader. Good readers look for clues about what kind of structure the author has chosen. Knowing what the basic structure is may help students determine the author’s purpose. Draw Conclusions • Good readers use information from a selection as well as personal experience to draw conclusions. • Good readers can draw conclusions about a person’s character and about events by looking for clues in the selection. Sequence • Sequence is the order in which events happen. Authors who use sequence to provide a structure for their texts have decided that readers will need to know when things happen in order to understand them. Authors who write about history or who write how-to texts will usually use sequence to organize the information in their writing. • Some signal words are: first, next, then, finally, second, and after. • Time related words can also signal the sequence of a story. Sequencing -Crickweb Reading Skills Rocket Compare and Contrast • A comparison tells how two or more ideas, things, or people are alike. • Comparisons may not be directly stated I a text, so you will need to look for clues that the author is showing things to be similar. • Some words and phrases that signal comparisons include similar, also, in addition, in the same way, likewise, and too. Compare and Contrast • When two or more things, ideas, or people are contrasted, the author tells how they are different. • Contrast can be shown indirectly as well. • Some words and phrases that signal contrast are but, on the other hand, unlike, although, however, rather than, yet, still, different from, opposite, and or. Comprehension: Compare and Contrast •Sometimes an author organizes a piece of non-fiction by comparing and contrasting two or more thinks, people, or ideas. •A venn Diagram gives a quick and visual summary of the characteristics two things have in common and those they do not. •The area of the diagram where the two circles overlap shows the characteristics that are shared by both things. Compare and Contrast Tutorial Compare and Contrast Practice Compare and Contrast Practice • Compare and Contrast Workshop • Compare and Contrast Study Zone Practice • Interactive Venn Diagram Comprehension: Draw Conclusions • Good readers use clues that the author provides and knowledge they may already have to draw conclusions, or make logical decisions, about the text. • This skill is needed because the author may not directly tell the reader what is important. • As you look for clues, ask yourself questions that help you reason logically. • Example: What happened before this? and Why would the character react this way? Drawing Conclusions- Cows Drawing Conclusions Interactive: Sarah, Plain and Tall Comprehension: Draw Conclusions Text Clues Conclusions Text Feature: Line Graph • Labels up the left-hand side and across the bottom explain what the points on the line mean. • The slope of the line shows how quickly or slowly change happens. A steep slope shows change that happens quickly. A gradual slope shows a slight change over time. Create your own line graph Line Graphs Text Feature: Line Graphs • In which year did Sammy’s Shrimp Company catch 60 tons of fish? • What was the most fish caught in one year? • What is the difference in the number of fish caught in 1998 and 2000?