Transcript Slide 1
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Chess Basics: Using Algebraic Notation by Joseph L. Bell © 2011
Chess – Algebraic Notation
• • • • Algebraic Notation – – The standard way to record and review games of Chess How it works Figurine Algebraic Notation What about Descriptive Notation?
PGN and FEN for computer programs Page 2 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Algebraic Chess Notation
• The standard way to record and describe chess games – – – Used by chess organizations, and in chess tournaments, books, and magazines Replaced “Descriptive Chess Notation” Used as part of the PGN format used in computer programs Page 3 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Naming the Squares
a6 c3 e4 f7 h1 • Squares are named by: 1.
2.
Letters a thru h, for files (vertical) Numbers 1 thru 8, for rows (horizontal) Page 4 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Naming the Pieces
• • • • • • K for King Q for Queen B for Bishop N for Knight R for Rook Pawns are not indicated by a letter, but just list the square the pawn moves to Page 5 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Notation for Moves
• • The piece and the destination square are listed for the move of a piece – Examples: Be5 (Bishop to e5), Nf6 (Knight to f6) The destination square is listed for the move of a Pawn – Examples: c5 (Pawn to c5), d4 (Pawn to d4) Page 6 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Notation for Captures
• • An “x” is added between the (capturing) piece and the destination square Pawn captures list the “file” the Pawn moves from, an “x”, and the destination square – Examples: exd5 (e-file pawn takes on d5) – – Sometimes the “x” is left out (“ed5”) If unambiguous, even the number is left out (just “ed”) Page 7 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
en passant
Captures
• 1.
To record an en passant capture, list: The capturing Pawn’s departure file, 2.
an “x”, 3.
4.
the location the capturing Pawn moves to (not where the captured Pawn is), and “e.p.” for en passant Examples: axb6 e.p., or cxb3 e.p. Page 8 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
For Ambiguous Moves
• • Sometimes, more than one of the same kind of piece can move to the same square In that case, follow the piece initial by: 1.
2.
3.
The file of departure (if they differ) The rank of departure (if they differ), OR The rank and file, if 3 of the same kind of piece can move there (after Pawn promotion) Page 9 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Pawn Promotion
• • • The piece chosen when the Pawn promotes, is written after the Pawn move – Examples: a1Q, g8Q Sometimes an “=“ sign is used: a1=Q – FIDE uses an “=“ sign next to the move to indicating offering a draw – PGN (for programs) uses the “=“ sign to indicate the promoted piece Sometimes parentheses are used: a1(Q) Page 10 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Castling
• • Kingside castling is: 0-0 Queenside castling is: 0-0-0 – – FIDE uses the number “zero” (0) PGN requires a capital letter “O” (either “O-O” or “O-O-O”) Page 11 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Check and Checkmate
• • A move that places the King in check has a “+” added at the end – Examples: Bb5+, Re8+ A move that is checkmate has a “#” added at the end – – – Examples: Qf7#, Nf2# Sometimes “++” is used for checkmate, but it can also be used for double-check USCF recommends “#” for checkmate Page 12 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
End of the Game
• • • • “1-0” indicates White won “0-1” indicates Black won “ ½-½” indicates a Draw Sometimes “White Resigns”, or “Black Resigns” is written to indicate how a player won Page 13 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Writing Down the Moves
• • Moves can be written in Columns, with a number and pair of moves: 1.
2.
3.
e4 e5 Nf3 Nc6 Bb5 a6 Moves can be written in Text: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 Page 14 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Frank Marshall vs. Amos Burns, Paris, 1900 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 0-0 6. Nf3 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Bxf6 Bxf6 10. h4 g6 11. h5 Re8 12. hxg6 hxg6 13. Qc2 Bg7 14. Bxg6 fxg6 15. Qxg6 Nd7 16. Ng5 Qf6 17. Rh8+ 1-0 • • This famous game is called “The Pipe Game” Mr. Burns lit a match for his pipe after move 13, and it burned his fingers when he was stunned by the White Bishop sacrifice on move 14 Page 15 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
History - Algebraic Notation
• • Developed by Phillip Stamma in 1737 The Descriptive Notation, based the approach in books by Philidor, became more popular for a long time after Phildor beat Stamma in a match in 1747 Page 16 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Compare Notations
• Algebraic Notation: – 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Bxc6 dxc6 • Figurine Algebraic Notation: – 1. e4 e5 2. k f3 K c6 3. j b5 a6 4. j xc6 dxc6 Page 17 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Descriptive Notation
• • • • Descriptive Notation is used in some older chess books Each square has two different names Errors can be made when the player does not realize a move is ambiguous Moves take more characters to write down than with Algebraic Notation Page 18 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Machine Chess Notation
• • Portable Game Notation (PGN) creates game databases using ASCII text that looks like Algebraic Notation – Lots of PGN databases are available for free on the Internet FEN (Forsyth-Edwards Notation) records board positions as text – FEN is good for recording adjourned positions Page 19 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
FEN Examples
Record the board position after 1. e4: [FEN rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/4P3/8/PPPP1PPP/RNBQKBNR b KQkq e3 0 1] Lower case = Black piece, Upper case = White piece.
Add a “/” at the end of a row.
Numbers for empty squares on the row.
A “w” for White to move, or “b” for Black to move.
“KQkq” indicates castling availability.
“e3” is the en passant target square (after any Pawn move) “0” is half-move number (for 50-move rule), then move # Page 20 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011
Questions ?
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