Transcript Document

aha
People  Training  Tools
Process Inc.
Culture of Poverty
Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics
May 7, 2011
Based on A Framework for Understanding Poverty
by Ruby K. Payne, Ph.D.
Judy Bennett and Carol Hailey
Shawnee Mission School District
aha! Process, Inc., Highlands, TX
www.ahaprocess.com
Copyright © 2005 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
aha
Process Inc.
Outcomes
People  Training  Tools
• Enhance the understanding of children
and families from poverty
• Strengthen interactions with families
and children
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
2
aha
Process Inc.
People  Training  Tools
“The Perfect Classroom”
by Dr. Rita Pierson
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
3
aha
Process Inc.
What are the poverty guidelines?
People  Training  Tools
Persons
in Family or
Household
2008
2007
1
$10,400
$10,210
2
$14,000
$13,690
3
$17,600
$17,170
4
$21,200
$20,650
5
$24,800
$24,130
6
$28,400
$27,610
7
$32,000
$31,090
8
$35,600
$34,570
Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2008). The 2008 HHS Poverty Guidelines.
http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/index.shtml
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
4
aha
Process Inc.
Who is most at risk for being in poverty?
People  Training  Tools
 Children (18 years old or younger)
 Immigrants
 Female-headed households
 Persons with Disabilities
 Minorities
Source: 2008 Report on Illinois Poverty (www.heartland alliance.org/maip).
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
5
aha
Process Inc.
Module 1: Key Points
People  Training  Tools
Establish a cognitive
framework for
understanding
economic realities.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
6
aha
Process Inc.
Key Points
People  Training  Tools
1. Poverty is relative.
2. Generational and situational
poverty are different.
Generational
Poverty
Situational
Poverty
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
Middle
Class
New
Money
Old
Money
7
aha
Process Inc.
Key Point
People  Training  Tools
3. This work is based on
patterns. All patterns have
exceptions.
4. Most schools and businesses
operate from middle-class
norms and values.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
8
aha
Process Inc.
Key Point
People  Training  Tools
5. Individuals bring with them the
hidden rules of the class in which
they were raised.
Poverty
Survival
Middle Class
Work
Relationships
Achievement
Entertainment
Material
security
Wealth
Political
connections
Financial
connections
Social connections
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
9
aha
Process Inc.
Key Point
People  Training  Tools
6. We can neither excuse nor scold students.
We must teach our students.
7. We must teach students that there are two
sets of rules.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
10
aha
Process Inc.
Key Point
People  Training  Tools
8. Poverty occurs in all races. The focus of
this work is economic diversity.
9. Two things that help one move out of
poverty are:
 Education
 Relationships
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
11
aha
People  Training  Tools
Process Inc.
"No significant
learning occurs
without a
significant
relationship."
–Dr. James Comer
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
12
aha
Process Inc.
Module 2: Resources
People  Training  Tools
Analyze the nine resources
of an individual and make
interventions based on the
resources that are present.
Understand that failure is
often related to missing
pieces and identify ways to
provide missing
resources.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
13
aha
Process Inc.
Resources
People  Training  Tools
To better understand people
from poverty, the definition of
poverty will be:
“The extent to which an individual
does without resources.”
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
14
aha
Process Inc.
Resources
People  Training  Tools
1. Financial-Having the money to purchase goods and services.
2. Emotional-Being able to choose and control emotional responses, particularly to
negative situations, without engaging in self-destructive behavior. This is an internal
resource and shows itself through stamina, perseverance, and choices.
3. Mental-Having the mental abilities and acquired skills (reading, writing, computing) to
deal with daily life.
4. Spiritual-Believing in divine purpose and guidance. Having hope or a future story.
5. Physical-Having physical health and mobility.
6. Support Systems-Having friends, family, and backup resources available to access in
times of need. These are external resources.
7. Relationships/Role Models -Having frequent access to adult(s) who are appropriate,
who are nurturing to the child, and who do not engage in self-destructive behavior.
8. Knowledge of Hidden Rules -Knowing the unspoken cues and habits of a group.
9. Formal Register-Having the vocabulary, language ability, and negotiation skills
necessary to succeed in school and/or work settings.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
15
aha
Process Inc.
Resource Analysis
People  Training  Tools
5
4
3
2
1
Adapted from Bridges Out of Poverty Workbook. Devol, Payne, Dreussi Smith. (2006).
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
16
aha
Process Inc.
Registers of Language
People  Training  Tools
REGISTER
EXPLANATION
FROZEN
Language that is always the same.
For example: Lord’s Prayer, wedding vows, etc.
FORMAL
The standard sentence syntax and word choice of
work and school. Has complete sentences and
specific word choice.
CONSULTATIVE
Formal register when used in conversation.
Discourse pattern not quite as direct as formal
register.
CASUAL
Language between friends, characterized by a 400- to
800-word vocabulary. Word choice general and not
specific. Conversation dependent upon nonverbal
assists. Sentence syntax often incomplete.
INTIMATE
Language between lovers or twins. Language of
sexual harassment.
Adapted from Martin Joos
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
17
Research About Language in Children, Ages 1 to 4, in
Stable Households by Economic Group
Number of words
exposed to
Economic
group
Affirmations Prohibitions
(strokes)
(discounts)
13 million words
Welfare
1 for every
2
26 million words
Working
class
2 for every
1
45 million words Professional 6 for every
1
Source: Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children. (1995). Betty Hart and Todd R. Risley.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
18
aha Kaplan Discourse
Process Inc.
FORMAL
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
People  Training  Tools
CASUAL
19
aha
Process Inc.
Think about Two Patients
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
People  Training  Tools
20
aha Module 5: Hidden Rules
Process Inc.
People  Training  Tools
Understand and give
examples of the
hidden rules of the
three socioeconomic
classes.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
21
aha
Process Inc.
Hidden Rules
People  Training  Tools
 Hidden rules are the “unspoken cues
and habits of a group.”
 These rules become part of your belief
system and guide how you behave.
 Relationships can be broken when you
do not know the hidden rules.
 Hidden rules can limit your interaction
with people who are different from you.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
22
aha
Process Inc.
Food
People  Training  Tools
POVERTY
Do you have enough?
Quantity is important.
MIDDLE CLASS
Do you like it?
Quality is important.
WEALTH
Was it presented well?
Presentation is important.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
23
aha
Process Inc.
Time
People  Training  Tools
POVERTY
 Present most important
 Decisions made for the moment
based on feelings or survival
MIDDLE CLASS
 Future most important
 Decisions made against future
ramifications
WEALTH
 Traditions and past history most
important
 Decisions made partially on basis
of tradition/decorum
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
24
aha
Process Inc.
Could you survive in wealth?
People  Training  Tools
COMPLETE THE QUIZ:
Put a check by each item that applies to you.
______1. I can read a menu in French, English, and another language.
______2. I have several favorite restaurants in different countries of the
world.
______3. During the holidays I know how to hire a decorator to identify
the appropriate themes and items with which to decorate the
house.
______4. I know who my preferred financial advisor, legal service,
designer, domestic employment service, and hairdresser are.
______5. I have at least two residences that are staffed and maintained.
______6. I know how to ensure confidentiality and loyalty from my
domestic staff.
______7. I have at least two or three “screens” that keep people I
do not wish to see away from me.
______8. I fly in my own plane or the company plane.
______9. I know how to enroll my children in the preferred private
schools.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
25
aha
Process Inc.
Could you survive in middle class?
People  Training  Tools
COMPLETE THE QUIZ:
Put a check by each item that applies to you.
______1. I know how to get my children into Little League, piano
lessons, soccer, etc.
______2. I know how to set a table properly.
______3. I know which stores are most likely to carry the clothing
brands my family wears.
______4. My children know the best name brands in clothing.
______5. I know how to order in a nice restaurant.
______6. I know how to use a credit card, checking account, and
savings account—and I understand an annuity. I understand
term life insurance, disability insurance, and 20/80 medical
insurance policy, as well as house insurance, flood insurance,
and replacement insurance.
______7. I talk to my children about going to college.
______8. I know how to get one of the best interest rates on my
new-car loan.
______9. I understand the differences among the principal, interest, and
escrow statements on my house payment.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
26
aha
Process Inc.
Could you survive in poverty?
People  Training  Tools
COMPLETE THE QUIZ:
Put a check by each item you know how to do.
______1. I know which churches and sections of town have the
best rummage sales.
______2. I know which rummage sales have “bag sales.”
______3. I know which grocery stores’ garbage bins can be
accessed for thrown-away food.
______4. I know how to get someone out of jail.
______5. I know how to physically fight and defend myself
physically.
______6. I know how to get a gun, even if I have a police record.
______7 . I know how to keep my clothes from being stolen at
the Laundromat.
______8. I know what problems to look for in a used car.
______9. I know how to live without a checking account.
______10. I know how to live without electricity and a phone.
______11. I know how to use a knife as scissors.
______12. I can entertain a group of friends with my personality
and my stories.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
27
aha
Process Inc.
Hidden Rules of Economic Class
POVERTY
MIDDLE CLASS
People  Training  Tools
WEALTH
POSSESSIONS
People.
Things.
One-of-a-kind objects,
legacies, pedigrees.
MONEY
To be used, spent.
To be managed.
To be conserved,
invested.
PERSONALITY
Is for entertainment.
Sense of humor is highly
valued.
Is for acquisition and
stability.
Achievement is highly
valued.
Is for connections.
Financial, political, social
connections are highly
valued.
SOCIAL
EMPHASIS
Social inclusion of the
people they like.
Emphasis is on selfgovernance and selfsufficiency.
Emphasis is on social
exclusion.
FOOD
Key question: Did you have
enough?
Quantity important.
Key question: Did you like
it?
Quality important.
Key question: Was it
presented well?
Presentation important.
CLOTHING
Clothing valued for
individual style and
expression of personality.
Clothing valued for its
quality and acceptance into
the norms of middle class.
Label important.
Clothing valued for its
artistic sense and
expression.
Designer important.
TIME
Present most important.
Decisions made for
moment based on feelings
or survival.
Future most important.
Decisions made against
future ramifications.
Traditions and past
history most important.
Decisions made partially
on basis of tradition
decorum.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
28
aha
Process Inc.
Hidden Rules of Economic Class
POVERTY
MIDDLE CLASS
People  Training  Tools
WEALTH
EDUCATION
Valued and revered as
abstract but not as reality.
Education is about facts.
Crucial for climbing success
ladder and making money.
Necessary tradition for
making and maintaining
connections.
DESTINY
Believes in fate. Cannot do
much to mitigate chance.
Believes in choice. Can
change future with good
choices now.
Noblesse oblige.
LANGUAGE
Casual register. Language
is about survival.
Formal register. Language is
about negotiation.
Formal register.
Language is about
connection.
FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Tends to be matriarchal.
Tends to be patriarchal.
Depends on who
has/controls money.
WORLD VIEW
Sees world in terms of
local setting.
Sees world in terms of
national setting.
Sees world in terms of an
international view.
LOVE
Love and acceptance
conditional, based on
whether individual is liked.
Love and acceptance
conditional, based largely on
achievement.
Love and acceptance
conditional, related to
social standing and
connections.
DRIVING FORCES
Survival, relationships,
entertainment.
Work and achievement.
Financial, political, social
connections.
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
29
aha
Process Inc.
Mutual Respect
People  Training  Tools
Relationships of mutual respect
must have three things present:
 Support: the direct teaching of process and
mental models.
 Insistence: the motivation and persistence that
comes from the relationship.
 High Expectations: the approach of,
“I know you can do it, and you will.”
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
30
aha
People  Training  Tools
Process Inc.
"No significant
learning occurs
without a
significant
relationship."
–Dr. James Comer
Copyright © 2008 aha! Process, Inc.  www.ahaprocess.com
31