Transcript Nationalism and Sectionalism

Nationalism Unites the Country
The War of 1812 increased
American nationalism, a feeling
of pride, loyalty, & protectiveness
toward your nation
 Representative Henry Clay was a strong nationalist
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Wanted to strengthen the country and unify its regions
Created the American System
Make our own clothes, food, and weapons
American System
 Promoted by Henry Clay
 Had 3 main actions
1. Establish a protective tariff, tax on imported goods
that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign
competition
a.
2.
Establish a nat’l bank that would promote a single
currency, which would make trade easier
a.
3.
American made goods
2nd nat’l bank created in 1816
Improve the nation’s transportation system
a.
Erie Canal
Era of Good Feelings
 James Monroe is president in 1816
 Democratic-Republican
 Nationalist feeling spread
 Federalist gave very little opposition to Monroe
 Boston journalists referred to this
period of political differences
diminish…..Era of Good Feelings
Transportation Links Cities
 Improvement in roads, canals, & railroads promoted
transportation
 Allowed for people to trade easier & more quickly from
state to state
 National Road- 1841, the country’s main east-west route,
extended to Vandalia, Illinois
 Erie Canal- created a water route b/t New York City &
Buffalo, NY
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NY became the nation’s largest city
B/T 1820-1830, its population nearly doubled
Sectional Tensions Increase
 Although nationalism grew, sectionalism was
threatening to tear the nation apart
 Sectionalism is loyalty to the interest of a region or
section of the country
 Economy and politics main cause
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South relied on plantation economy that used slave labor
North depended on manufacturing and trade
West, settlers wanted cheap land
 Interest of these sections were often in conflict
Missouri applies for statehood
 Missouri wanted statehood in 1817
 People in Missouri wanted to allow
slavery in their state
 Before Missouri
 11 free states, 11 slave states
 Adding Missouri as a slave state would upset the
balance of power in Congress
Missouri Compromise
 Representatives in Congress argued
over admitting Missouri as a slave or
free state
 Southerners
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Constitution didn’t give Congress the power to
ban slavery
Worried that if free states gained a majority in
Congress they would ban slavery altogether
Representative Thomas Cobb of
Georgia……
“If you persist, the Union will be
dissolved. You have kindled a fire
which… seas of blood can only
extinguish.”
 At the same time as the Missouri conflict, Maine
which was apart of Mass. wanted statehood
 Henry Clay suggested that Missouri be admitted as a
slave state & Maine as a free state
 Missouri Compromise of 1820
 Kept the balance of power b/t slave & free states
 Slavery would be banned north of the parallel 36⁰30′,
Missouri’s southern border
 “Mason-Dixon Line” (PA/MD border)
National Boundaries and Foreign
Affairs
 Nationalist wanted to define the
nation’s borders
 Needed to create agreements w/ Britain
& Spain
 Britain
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1818 set the 49th parallel as the U.S.Canadian border as far west as the Rocky
Mountains
 Spain
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Florida (FL)
Escaped slaves and pirates used as refuge
 Seminoles of East FL raided white settlements in
GA to reclaim lost lands
 Andrew Jackson followed Seminoles into FL &
took control of 2 cities (1817- Seminole Wars)
 Monroe ordered Jackson to leave but gave
Spain 2 choices
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 Police the border or give up FL to the U.S.
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Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819, handed FL to the
U.S. from Spain & gave up Spanish claims in
the Oregon Territory
 Wanted to end international threat to the U.S.
 from Spain & Portugal to regain territories lost to the U.S.
 From Russia b/c their trading posts reached almost to San
Francisco by 1812 from Alaska
 1823, President Monroe issued a statement that became
known as the Monroe Doctrine
 Really written by John Quincy Adams
1. The Americas were closed to further colonization
2. European efforts to reestablish colonies would be seen as
“dangerous to our peace and safety”
3. U.S. would stay out of European affairs