Transcript Document
Early 20th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM: Cubism Futurism Art Deco to show the ‘concept’ of an object rather than creating a detail of the real thing to show different views of an object at once, emphasizing time, space & the Machine age to simplify objects to their most basic, primitive terms Pablo Picasso 1888-1973 Considered most influential artist of 20th Century Blue Period Rose Period Analytical Cubism Synthetic Cubism Girl Wearing Large Hat Early Work, 1901. Lola, the artist’s sister Early Work, 1901. Blue Period (1901-1904) Moves to Paris in his late teens Coping with suicide of friend Paintings were lonely, depressing Major color was BLUE! Pablo Picasso, Blue Nude, 1902. BLUE PERIOD Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait, 1901. BLUE PERIOD Pablo Picasso, Tragedy, 1903. BLUE PERIOD Pablo Picasso, Le Gourmet, 1901. BLUE PERIOD Rose Period (1904-1906) Much happier art than before Circus people as subjects Reds and warmer colors Pablo Picasso, Harlequin Family, 1905. ROSE PERIOD Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905. Pablo Picasso, Girl With a Goat, 1906. ROSE PERIOD Much more abstract than before… Pablo Picasso, Composition with Skull, 1908. Georges Braque, Musical Instruments, 1908. Georges Braque, Fruitdish, 1908-09. Pablo Picasso, Three Musicians, 1921. Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles D’Avignon, 1907. “I paint forms as I think them, not as I see them” Major Influences… Paul Cezanne Femme de Vert (Post-Impressionist) 1909 Major Influences… African Zimba Mask Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907. Major Influences… African Zimba Mask Analytical Cubism Little contrast in color Complex and systematic design Faceted shapes, translucent divisions of space Differing views of the same subject in the same work Invented by Picasso and George Braque- at the same time, but not really in collaboration Retains some sort of depth Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Vollard, 1910. ANALYTICAL CUBISM Pablo Picasso, Aficionado, 1912. ANALYTICAL CUBISM Pablo Picasso, Glass and Bottle of Suze, 1912. SYNTHETIC CUBISM Synthetic Cubism Invented by Braque and Picasso Puts forms back together after breaking them apart “Collage” comes from French word for “glue” Foreign materials are pasted onto the design- makes the collage look like a real surface Scraps are changed and painted on, giving them a double meaning George Braque, Gillet, 1914. New Space Concept - first since Masaccio Futurism First announced on Feb. 20, 1909 Newspaper Le Figaro published a manifesto by the Italian poet and editor Tommaso Marinetti: We will fight with all our might the fanatical, senseless and snobbish religion of the past, a religion encouraged by the vicious existence of museums. We rebel against that spineless worshiping of old canvases, old statues and old bric-a-brac, against everything which is filthy and wormridden and corroded by time. We consider the habitual contempt for everything which is young, new and burning with life to be unjust and even criminal. Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913. To purposely intended to inspire public anger and amazement, to arouse controversy, and to attract widespread attention. Umberto Boccioni (Italian, 1882–1916.) Dynamism of a Soccer Player [Dinamismo di un footballer]. (1913) Oil on canvas, 6' 4 1/8" x 6' 7 1/8" (193.2 x 201 cm) The Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Sidney and Harriet Janis Collection Boccioni, Dynamism of a Cyclist, 1913. FUTURISM Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910. FUTURISM Giacomo Balla Speedpeed of a Motorcycle Giacomo Balla Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash Giacomo Balla Mercury Passing in Front of the Sun Mercurio Passa Davanti il Sole Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913-1914. FUTURISM Carlo Carrà Interventionist Demonstration, 1914 Tempera and collage on cardboard, 38.5 x 30 cm about 15x12 inches Carra is clearly following the cubist painterly style in this collage poem the composition moves outward from center in concentric circles and with a number of rays or lines of force moving out from this center giving an impression of an explosion of a loud noise or sound. The words as well emanate from this same center for the most part helping to emphasize the feeling of expansion from a center. The several dark, blackish zones in the center also give an effective sense of spacial depth - a deep void - from which the 'sound' is coming and the space gradually flattening out toward the edges. This sort of visual 'poem' would later develop into what became known as concrete poetry. There are a lot of fascinating sound representations in this poem such as TRRRRRRR and TRrrrrrrrrrr, SSOOOOOOO, BBBRRRRRR, etc. The composition was inspired by Carrà's sighting of leaflets dropped from an airplane as they fluttered down over the Piazza del Duomo Patriotic Celebration Carlo Carrà: "Armtrain" Gino Severini Dominated the Futurists' 1912 exhibition and consistently attracted comment. Its size matched the aspiration to put 'the spectator in the centre of the picture'. Through shifting planes and fractured colour Severini moved towards an abstract language of form. In 1913 he would claim that abstraction was 'a sign of that intensity… with which life is lived today'. The Dance of the Pan-Pan at the "Monico" 1909-1911 Oil on canvas 2800 x 4000 mm Natalia Goncharova, The Cyclist. 1913. FUTURISM Art Deco Art Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design. This movement was a combination of many different styles and movements of the early 20th century, including Constructionism, Cubism, Modernism, Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, and Futurism. Its popularity apexed during the 1920s. Although many design movements have political or philosophical roots or intentions, Art Deco was purely decorative. At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional, and ultra modern. William Van Alen, The Chrysler Building, 1930.