Transcript Slide 1

sustainable direction
t h i n k i n g
o f
t h e
f u t u r e
Site Waste Management Plans
What they are and
What makes a good one
Local Authorities
sustainable direction ltd.
3 The Steadings Business Centre
Maisemore, Gloucestershire
GL2 8EY UK
T +44 (0) 1452 382218
web www.sustainabledirection.com
The Questions
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What are Site Waste Management Plans?
Why are they necessary?
What do they require?
How do we assess them?
What do we need to do once we have them?
Who am I?
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Sustainable Direction Ltd
www.sustainabledirection.com
WHAT IS WASTE?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Waste by any other name!
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Rubbish
By-product
Allowance
Over-weights
Under-weights
Off-spec product
Effluent
Sweepings
Out of shelf life
Process Loss
Packaging
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Cancelled Orders
Damaged goods
Seconds
Conveyor Loss
Dregs
Dross
Swarf
Off-cuts
Evaporation
Inspection loss
Residue
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Dirty Solvent
Rags
Leakage
Dust
Wash-Water
Samples
Obsolete Stock
Returns
Rework
Shrinkage
Scrap
The Questions
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What are Site Waste Management Plans?
Why are they necessary?
What do they require?
How do we assess them?
What do we need to do once we have them?
A SWMP is
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a plan that details
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the amount and type of waste that will be produced on a
construction site and
how it will be re-used, recycled or disposed of
required for development projects of a value greater
than £300k
additional requirements for projects over £500k
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must be produced by an appropriate person
before the work commences
must be updated during the construction process
to record
• how the waste is managed and
• to confirm that material which cannot be reused or recycled is disposed of at a legitimate
facility.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Timeline
• July 2004 – SWMP introduced in DTI’s
Voluntary Code of Practice
• 2007 – SWMP as part of Defra’s Waste Strategy
2007
• April 2008 – SWMP Regulations 2008
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Site Waste Management Plans Regulations 2008
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Effective NOW
Does not apply to Part A installations under
Environmental Permitting (England & Wales)
Regulations 2007 (PPC Installations)
Scope
Projects with a value greater
than £300,000 involving:
• construction,
• alteration,
• conversion,
• fitting out,
• commissioning,
• renovation,
• repair,
• upkeep,
• redecoration,
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maintenance,
cleaning,
de-commissioning,
demolition or dismantling,
site clearance,
exploration and investigation,
on-site assembly,
disassembly, including
electrical, gas, water, sewage,
compressed air, hydraulic,
telecommunication, computer
or similar services. (CDM)
It is also
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A mechanism to control and reduce waste costs
A regulatory compliance tool
A project management tool
A risk management tool
A “proof” that wastes were disposed of correctly
• Fly tipping
Fly-tipping
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A rising crime issue
In the UK, someone flytips every 35 seconds
Approx. 1/5 of all flytipping is C&D waste
Approx. 1/3 of the more
serious incidents are
C&D waste
Fly-tipping costs the tax payer (you and me!)
£50million / year
Why is waste important?
• Regulatory Burden
• Impact on sustainability
• Impact on projects and
budget
• Anti-Competitive
• Health and Safety Risk
• Shortage of landfill and
hazardous waste
capacity
WHAT IS THE TRUE COST OF
WASTE?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Waste Costs UK Industry
£15 BILLION
per Annum
Reducing Waste reveals Hidden Profit!
• Demonstrations have
shown that up to 4.5% of
TURNOVER can be
converted to profit!
• Typically this is between 1
and 3 percent
• For a company working on
a 10% nominal margin this
can significantly improve
profitability
True cost of waste
• 8 cu yd skip
• Skip hire £85
• Labour to fill skip £163
• Cost of materials put in
skip £1095
• TOTAL COST £1343
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• But still not the true
cost!!!
True cost of Waste
Design Driven Waste
Wasted Raw &
Consumable
Materials
Poor Work
& Rework
True Cost of Waste
Time Managing
Materials, Rework
& Waste
Waste Disposal Costs
& Taxes
Poor Quality/Damaged
Raw Materials
Energy, Water & Labour
Costs & Taxes
Waste Costs More Than You Think!
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We pay to buy in resource
We pay staff to handle it
We “rent” space to store it
We use energy and time converting it into waste
We transport it in and out of our premises
NOW - We now pay to dispose of it
Or - We let it escape
Or - We let it perform no useful function
WHAT IS THE TRUE COST OF WASTE?
The Questions
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What are Site Waste Management Plans?
Why are they necessary?
What do they require?
How do we assess them?
What do we need to do once we have them?
TO:
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to improve resource efficiency within the
construction industry
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reducing the amount of waste produced
maximising the reuse or recycling of any waste
generated
minimising the amount of waste that goes for
disposal
The UK Construction Industry
• Uses 420m tonnes of solid resources per annum
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Not to mention water, fuels and wastes arising from
the indirect generation of energy
Only 2/3 of this is added to the building stock
The rest is waste (approx 150m tonnes)
ca90 Mta construction and demolition waste
ca2m Mta production and packaging waste
ca59 Mta quarry waste
13% of all materials delivered to site enter the
waste stream directly without ever having been
used
Void space is 40% of skips
www.compasspd.com
©2008 Compass Professional Development Ltd
Duty Of Care
• Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regs 1991
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Waste must be passed to responsible persons
Treaters, keepers, carriers, brokers, disposers
Records of Transfer must be kept
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general waste transfer notes
hazardous waste transfer notes
We cannot just ‘pass the buck’ - we must have made
all reasonable efforts to ensure that the waste has
been handled properly
THE LESS WE PRODUCE THE LESS IS OUR
BURDEN!
A key policy tool
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Planning Policy Statement PPS10
‘proposed new developments should be
supported by site waste management plans of
the type encouraged by the code of practice
published by DTI’
Code for Sustainable Homes
One of 5 elements required by code
Waste Strategy Review (England) 2006
Key policy tool
Code for Sustainable Homes
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It is MANDATORY at all levels of the Code for a
SWMP to be developed and implemented
For a development where the cost is less than
£300,000, this element will be awarded by
default
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Department for Communities and Local Government, 2008, The Code for Sustainable Homes;
Setting the standard is sustainability for new homes
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
BENEFITS to LAs of SWMP include:
• Reductions in construction waste to landfill
• Targets for reduction in commercial waste can
be met and exceeded
• Differentiation from competitors
• Demonstrating good environmental performance
• …Revenue stream
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SWMP are good!
But are they being applied to their full potential?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Reception so far…
• SECBE Survey September 2008
• 475 participants, only 36% actually completed a
SWMP
• 43% of Local Authorities did not understand
when a SWMP was required
• Over half of Clients and Contractors think
responsibility lies solely with the Environment
Agency (EA), and worryingly 100% of
participating Local Authorities believed that the
powers of enforcement lie solely with the
Environment Agency.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Reception so far…
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Netregs survey 2008
51.2% of construction firms are still unaware that
SWMP are mandatory for projects over £300,000 in
England.
BUT 45% have reported money savings for their
business as a direct result of the SWMP.
83 per cent of respondents have, in the last 12
months, looked at the way they work and have tried
to find ways to reduce the amount of waste they
produce.
Two thirds of respondents have also changed the
way that they work to prevent or reduce harm to the
environment.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Activity 1
• A SWMP is being reviewed. Within your
organisation, note down:
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Who it would go to in the first instance
Who it would be passed to
What happens if there is a renovation worth
£340,000? Doesn’t need planning but DOES
need a SWMP!
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
A SWMP is required by LAW for a client…
• ….but NOT required as part of the planning
process.
• Planning permission for renovating – X
• SWMP for renovating – YES
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How do you capture these???
Set Triggers in your organisation
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Triggers examples;
• SWMP representative is notified anytime there
are works worth more than £300,000?
• SWMP training in each department?
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“Nothing slips through the net”
SWMP Champion in Building Regs?
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Unique to your departmental layout and internal
structure
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
The Questions
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What are Site Waste Management Plans?
Why are they necessary?
What do they require?
How do we assess them?
What do we need to do once we have them?
THINK:
• WHO this information relates to within your
organisation
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WHO has ownership of these issues?
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HOW will that sector enforce the SWMP?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Main requirement
• Any client who intends to carry out a construction
project on one site with an estimated project value
greater than £300,000 must produce a site waste
management plan before work begins. (can be
delegated to principal contractor)
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Covers the process from construction design and
planning to completion of the construction work.
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He must plan, design, manage and monitor the
construction phase in a way which ensures that,
so far as is reasonably practicable, it is carried
out without consigning as waste any materials
that could otherwise be re-used, recycled or
recovered on-site or off-site.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Before Work Begins
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For all projects over £300,000
the identity of:
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the Client
the Principal Contractor
the person who drafted the Plan
Before Work Begins
• A description of the works proposed including:
• the location of the site; and
• the estimated value of the project
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including labour, plant, materials, overheads and
profit)
Or agreed tender figure
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Before Work Begins
• It must include decisions on any of the following
used to minimise the quantity of waste on site:
• Nature of the project
• Design
• Construction Methods and Materials
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Before Work Begins
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A description of the works proposed including:
• a description of the waste types that will be produced in the
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course of the project;
an estimate of the volume of each different waste
produced;
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the waste management action proposed for
each waste type i.e. reuse, recycling, recovery
or disposal; and
a declaration that the principal contractor will
take all reasonable steps to ensure that waste
management controls e.g. the duty of care, will
be observed.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Once work begins >£300k
• The Principal Contractor needs to record, each
time waste is uplifted:
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the identity of the person removing the waste;
the types of waste removed; and
the site that the contractor is taking the waste to
Once work begins >£500k
• The Principal Contractor needs to record, each time
waste is uplifted:
• When any waste is removed from the construction
site—
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the identity of the person removing the waste;
a waste carrier registration number of the carrier;
Site the waste is being taken to; and
a copy of, or reference to, the waste description as detailed
on the waste transfer note.
When work begins >£500k
• As often as necessary to ensure that the plan
accurately reflects the progress of the project,
and in any event not less than every six months,
he must—
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assess the plan;
record the types and quantities of waste produced;
When work begins >£500k
• Record the types and quantities of waste that have
been —
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re-used on and off site
recycled for use on and off site;
Sent for another form of recovery (on or off site);
sent to landfill
Otherwise disposed of; and
Update the plan to reflect the progress of the project.
After completion >£300k
• Within three months of the work being
completed he must add to the plan
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confirmation that the site waste management plan
has been monitored on a regular basis to ensure that
work is progressing according to the plan and that the
plan was updated in accordance with this regulation;
and
An explanation of any deviation from the plan
After work > £500k
• As for > £300k, PLUS
• A comparison of the estimated quantities of each
waste type against the actual quantities of each
waste type;
• An estimate of the cost savings that have been
achieved by completing and implementing a
SWMP
Responsibilities
• In cases where the client and the principal
contractor are different people or organisations,
the regulations make them equally responsible
for compliance with the regulations.
• The definitions of client and principal contractor
are based on Construction, Design and
Management Regulations (CDM) 1994.
Responsibilities
• It will be the responsibility of the principal
contractor to delegate individual responsibilities for
waste management tasks to contractors/subcontractors within the terms of their contract.
• The person who drafts and implements a SWMP
will be ultimately responsible for ensuring
compliance with its content.
• The Plan should clearly attribute responsibility for
any actions concerning waste to a specific
contractor or subcontractor.
Monitoring and regulation
• Powers awarded to both local authorities and the
Environment Agency to check SWMPs and, where
necessary, to take enforcement action.
• The Environment Agency, in common with its role
in targeting waste crime, will be able to investigate
more serious cases of waste offences.
• These might initially have been identified by the
local authority.
Monitoring and regulation
• What Powers does an LA officer have?
– For the purposes of these Regulations an
officer of a local authority authorised to
enforce these Regulations has all the powers
of an officer of the Environment Agency under
section 108 of the Environment Act 1995
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Environment Act 1995 Section 108 says:
• Person who appears suitable to an enforcing
authority may be authorised in writing by that
authority to exercise, in accordance with the terms
of the authorisation, any of the powers specified in
subsection (4) below for the purpose—
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(a) of determining whether any provision of the pollution
control enactments in the case of that authority is being,
or has been, complied with;
(b) of exercising or performing one or more of the
pollution control functions of that authority; or
(c) of determining whether and, if so, how such a function
should be exercised or performed.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
The Questions
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What are Site Waste Management Plans?
Why are they necessary?
What do they require?
How do we assess them?
What do we need to do once we have them?
Purpose of SWMP = Effective reductions in landfill
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Effective monitoring and enforcement needs to
be in place
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How to mark SWMP
What to do when you have them
What makes a good one
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Strategy - ?
• Monitoring
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Read their plans
Check their plans
Have the explored all options?
Enforcement
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What can you do about it?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Offences
• Failure to make or keep a SWMP (or one which
fails to meet the minimum criteria) and comply with
the requirements of Schedule 1
• Fail to produce a SWMP upon your request, or a
request from an officer of the Environment Agency.
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Make a false statement in a SWMP (knowingly
or recklessly)
Fail to assist an authorised officer of the
Environment Agency or local authority in
requesting supporting evidence or
documentation
Fail to comply with, or implement the terms of
a SWMP
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Penalties
• Persons guilty of any offence under the
regulations are liable to:
• on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding
£50,000; or
• on conviction on indictment, to a fine.
• Fixed Penalty Notice (£300)
The Marking Scheme
• Useful ‘aide memoir’ for checking a SWMP
• But still at your discretion
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Have they put enough locators in to identify the site
appropriately?
Have they explored all waste management options
available to them?
Are their expected quantities of waste realistic, and
have they put in place appropriate management
actions? (e.g. number of skips for each type of waste)
A Site Waste Data Form
• This records the types and quantities of waste
arising and their management
• Used by principal contractor to record and
monitor performance and targets
• Useful to check waste movements, helping with
Duty of Care requirements
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Easy to produce and keep updated
Easy to advocate
Site Waste Management Plan data sheet
Project name
Project address/location
Main contractor
Person responsible for waste
management on site (name and job
title)
Person and company completing
this form, if different
Types of waste arising (add more rows if needed):
Material
Quantity (in m3)
Re-used Re-used Recycle Recycle Disposal Disposal Disposal
on site off site d for use d for use
to
to WML to landfill
on site off site recycling exempt
facility
site
Inert
Waste management options
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Identify waste management options
Consider the waste hierarchy - On- and off-site
options
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re-used on-site,
re-used off-site;
recycled for use on-site;
recycled for use off-site;
sent to recycling facility;
sent to waste management licence exempt site; or
sent to landfill site for disposal.
Waste Hierarchy
AVOID
Reuse – in place of new materials
Up cycle – Create value-added
products
Source Reduction – Accurate estimating
and ordering
Reduce Packaging – Reverse Distribution
to suppliers
REUSE
Prevention – materials saving techniques
RECYCLE
Recycle – raw materials for the same
or equal use
Down cycle – Raw materials for a
lower value product
RECOVERY
Materials and/or Energy
DISPOSAL
Increasing Desirability
(financial & environmental)
REDUCE
Deconstruction – Disassemble buildings to
recover materials
Resource Optimisation – Rethink Design
Reduce! Contractors should ensure they:
• Don’t over design structure
• Don’t oversize
• Don’t cut section from solid wherever possible
• Design to standard sizes
• Hazardous level
Re-measure! Contractors should ensure:
• Re-measure to avoid over-ordering
• Reduce over-ordering to minimum
• +/- 10% is wasteful
• 5% excess for damage replacement is
excessive
• Re-measure on site and pay for what is installed
Reject and return! Contractors should ensure:
• Reject
• Hazardous waste materials
• Defective materials
• Packaging materials
• Return
• ‘Sale or return’
• Take-back schemes
Reuse! Contractors should ensure:
• Reuse formwork (4-5 times)
• Use proprietary steel hoardings or fencing
• Reuse offcuts
• Reclamation materials
Recycle or Recover! Contractors should ensure:
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Recycle
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Down-cycle and up-cycle
For use on-site or off-site
Markets for materials e.g. plastics, timber, metals,
Recycling of inert material into aggregates
Recover
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Materials, e.g. Composting of organic material
Energy, e.g. Waste used as a fuel
Waste Is The Symptom, Not The Disease!
• We live in a wasteful culture
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personally and in business
We consistently undervalue our resources
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especially when they are “the company’s”
We think that it is easier to dispose of things than to
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it is not worth spending time to find other ways to deal with it
When it has left the site it is someone else's problem
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Out of sight - out of mind!
Activity 2 - What would you do?
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For common waste streams
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Suggest waste options with reasons
What alternatives might there be?
What stops you using those options?
You have 20 minutes and 5 minutes each for
feedback.
Waste Management Facilities – Using the right ones?
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Identify waste management sites and
contractors
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Licensed or exempt facilities
Registered waste carriers
Appropriate contractual requirements
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Provision of volume and cost data
Proof of transfer / disposal
Include compliance with all legal responsibilities
such as Duty of Care
Planning Waste Handling
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Plan for efficient materials and waste handling
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How would you do this?
Early planning essential
When?
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Set indicative targets
What targets would you set?
Plan to Avoid This!
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Poor housekeeping
Poor risk management
• Health & Safety
• Environment
Poor financial control
Ineffective management
©2008 Compass Professional Development Ltd
Site segregation of materials
Plasterboard
Timber
Cardboard / paper
Metal
The Questions
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What are Site Waste Management Plans?
Why are they necessary?
What do they require?
How do we assess them?
What do we need to do once we have them?
Remember Activity 1
• Who will receive it?
• Who will pass it on?
• Who needs this information, i.e. who will enforce
it?
• Triggers set up.
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How will you make sure the information gets to
those who need it?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Methodologies for practical enforcement
• Get the plan where it needs to be
• Read their plan
• Check it has all that is required
• Check they are doing what they say they are
doing.
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Check that the plans are appropriate
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Use the LA Marking Scheme to check the
SWMP plans are
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Identifying all their waste streams
Managing them appropriately (have they considered
all the alternatives?)
Activity 3
• Mark a SWMP!
• Does this SWMP fill all the requirements?
• Does it identify all waste streams?
• Have they handled them appropriately?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Check for records
• Check they are doing what their plan says they
are doing
• Records help in the audit trail
• Especially illegal fly-tipping.
Common failures of SWMPs
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Is the Principle Contractor communicating the
SWMP to all contractors?
Have they made it part of the site induction?
Are they regularly reviewing and revising the
plan?
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Capturing this data
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Will help SWMP become more efficient for the
future
Write your comments and ideas down
What makes a good plan? You will help to
evolve best practice
©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd
Check the review
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They must review how the SWMP worked
It would be useful for them to identify learning
points for future projects
And then, to share the learning with all
appropriate colleagues
There must also be an explanation for any
deviation from the plan.
Questions
Any questions?