Transcript CHAPTER 8: Africa

HOLT
World History
CHAPTER 8
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Africa
Section 1: Africa’s Early History
Section 2: The Kingdoms of Kush and Aksum
Section 3: Trading States of Africa
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Africa’s Early History
Objectives:
 Identify what geographic features of Africa
affected human cultures.
 Describe how historians have learned about the
migrations of early African peoples.
 Explain the predominant patterns of life in early
African societies.
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Africa’s Early History
The Physical Setting
 The plateau – savannas, tropical rain forests,
jungle areas
 Other natural features – Lake Chad, Lake Victoria,
Mount Kenya, Mount Kilimanjaro
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Africa’s Early History
Rediscovering the African Past
 Language – Bantu
 Cultural exchange – discovered through study
of music, language, and plants
 Other evidence – archaeological evidence
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Africa’s Early History
Patterns of Life
 Small, independent villages
 Women were farmers
 Ancestry was traced through mothers instead
of fathers
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Kingdoms of Kush and Aksum
Objectives:
 Explain how Kush developed as an independent
kingdom.
 Analyze the factors that helped Aksum develop as
an independent kingdom.
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Kingdoms of Kush and Aksum
Kush Arises
 Important for trade
 Isolated from Egyptian rule
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Kingdoms of Kush and Aksum
Aksum
 Ivory trade, strong military
 King ´Ēzānā conquered Kush, converted to
Christianity
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Trading States of Africa
Objectives:
 Discuss how trade developed along the East
African coast.
 Explain how the kingdoms of West Africa became
rich and powerful.
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Trading States of Africa
East Africa and Great Zimbabwe
 Swahili states – Kilwa was a leading port
 Great Zimbabwe – gold trade
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Trading States of Africa
West Africa
 Ghana – gold-for-salt exchange
 Mali – Mansa Mūsā
 Songhai - trade
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON