Transcript No Slide Title

The
Mother of
Diseases
1. The Scope of the Problem
2. Health Implications
3. What to Do?
WHAT IS IT?
• Medical Definition:
–120% of ideal body weight
–Morbid obesity: More that 100
pounds above ideal body weight
All experts agree:
• Obesity is rapidly rising in the
Western World - at least 1/3 of
Americans are obese.
– Increasing in all ages, sexes, races
– Women and non-whites are the
worst
World Health Organization:
AN EPIDEMIC!
• Western Europe: 10-25%
• U.S.: 20-30%
• Eastern Europe,
Mediterranean, U.S. AfroAmerican Women: 40%
• Higher Rates: American
Indians, Hispanic
Americans, Pacific
Islanders
• Highest in the World:
Melanesians,
Micronesians,
Polynesians (Island of
Nauru: 70% or women and
65% of men)
• “Key to the problem lies in
evermore widespread
sedentary lifestyle and a
diet overrich in calories
and fats.”
Children Not Exempt!
In obese French children, risk
factors for obesity were:
• Mothers from
Southern Europe
• Snacks
Locard et al. Risk factors of
obesity in five year old
population. Int J Obes Relat
Metab Disord 1992 Oct
16:10;721
• Excessive TV
Viewing
• Short Sleep
Duration
(The relationship between
short sleep duration
persisted independently of
all the others.)
TV and Obese Children
• Metabolic rate of children 8-12 while
watching TV lower than with children
just doing nothing or resting
• Lower metabolism and high fat TV
watching snacks are obesity risk factors
• Children watch an average of 26 hours
of weekly TV
• 1 of 4 children obese
Health Implications
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
“Greatly” increases risks of:
Insulin Resistance • Gall Bladder Disease &
Stones
Diabetes Type II
• Cancers of Bowel,
Hypertension
Breast,
GU
Tract
Dyslipidemia
• Skin Diseases
Coronary Heart
(especially
fungal
Disease
diseases)
Gout
• Sleep Apnea with
Osteoarthritis
chronic hypoxia
Solomon et al. Obesity & motality: a
review of epidemiological data. Am J
Clin Nutr 1997 Oct 66:4 1044S
Obesity Increases Breast Cancer Risk
Pre-menopause
Post-menopause
Risk
Risk
• Thin
1
1
• Overweight
2x
5x
• Obese
3x
12x
Increased risk of death from cancer
and obesity
Men
Women
60
% of
increased
risk of
death
50
40
30
20
10
0
20-30%
30-40%
40+%
Above average body weight
Psychological &
Social Issues
• Low self-esteem
• Increase in depression
• Difficulties in getting and holding a job
• Tendency toward social isolation
• Decreased attractiveness for the opposite sex
Relation of a Healthy Lifestyle to
a Healthy Old Age
• A British study found - Surprise!: “…clear benefits of leading a
healthy lifestyle.”
• 7000 men ages 40-65 were followed for 15 years.
• Smoking & overweight: risk of death or serious illness more
than doubled
• Average 50 year old man had a 75% chance of reaching 65
without heart disease, stroke, or diabetes
• Never smoked, active, normal weight gave a 90% chance
• Former smokers, active, normal weight gave an 86% chance
• Very obese, sedentary, smokers had only a 42% chance of
disease-free survival to 65.
Archives Int Med 1998 158:2433
WHAT TO DO?
Principles of weight control
1. Don’t plan to “go on a diet.” Plan to change your eating habits PERMANENTLY
2. Become a vegetarian!
– Natural plant foods are:
• High in fiber, mostly low in fat, high unrefined
carbohydrates
• Filling, satisfy appetite, relatively low calorie
• Decrease cholesterol, other blood fats
• Protective against heart disease, cancer, diabetes
– Animal products are:
• Low or no fiber, high fat, too high in protein
• Calorie dense: small amounts yield high calories
• Raise cholesterol, other blood fats
• Increase risk of heart disease, cancer, etc.
3. Decide beforehand how much to eat; NEVER have seconds!
4. NEVER eat between meals!
5. Two-meal a day plan: large breakfast, good lunch, no
supper
6. Fast a day or two (if very overweight) a week, not
consecutively
– Eliminates calories for the day
– Improves insulin receptors, decreasing insulin
resistance
– Helps your will power!
7. LOTS of water between meals (herbal teas okay) Drink
instead of eat!
8. Eliminate free fats (butter, lard, margarine, oils) - even
vegetable oils and refined carbohydrates (sugar, white
flour, meal, etc)
9. REGULAR exercise; preferably daily. Walking is one of the
best, but any is okay.
– Especially after meals
– At least 30 minutes a day; try to gradually increase to 1
hour or more. (Not necessary all at one time.)
10. Be aware of the body’s “set points” (tendency for the body
to maintain a metabolic equilibrium).
– Factors that lower set point (helpful):
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Short-term fasting
Exercise
Low fat & refined carbohydrate foods
Avoid large meals, especially in evening or night
Avoid eating between meals
Avoid too many varieties at meals
Possibly: raw foods
Factors that raise set point (deleterious)
•Inactivity
•Fatty foods
•Refined carbohydrates
•Evening or night meals
•Between-meal snacks
•Overeating, even of healthful foods
•Skipping breakfasts
•Staying up too late at night
•Alcohol & caffeine
•Crash diets
11. Remember that we lose weight in a “stair
step fashion;” not in a straight line. That is, we
may lose quickly to begin with; then there is a
plateau for a time; then a period of rapid loss
again; then another plateau, etc. The plateauing
is due to changes in the set points. If the
plateau is too prolonged, one can become
discouraged. Often a short fast, or increased
physical exercise, or a short period with an allraw diet, or various combinations of these will
“reset” the set point, and start the weight loss
again.
12. Finally, courage and an abundance of
faith in the healing power of God is allimportant. Satan wants you to destroy
yourself, and he will help you do it if you
allow him. But our loving Lord is yearning
to assist you in getting the victory over
Satan and self- “Beloved, I wish above all
things that thou mayest prosper and be in
health.” Claim the promises, and mighty
things can be accomplished.