Transcript 擁有寬廣的視野 中文教師的全面觀

擁有寬廣的視野
中文教師的全面觀
Pinyin
and the
Teaching of the Chinese Language
ALBETAC Summer Institute
August 6, 2007
中文教師應該擁有怎樣的
全面觀
學校
學區
授課班級
紐約州
美國
中文教師應該擁有怎樣的
全面觀
• 橫切面
– 其他科目教學大綱
– 社區的需要
• 縱切面
– 與其他年級學習的銜接
– 中文學習的終極目標
中文教師應該擁有怎樣的
全面觀
• Deciding the learning goals
• Understanding of the on-grade
curriculum
• Understanding of grade-to-grade scope
and sequence
• Understanding of the needs of the
community
學中文- Worldwide
• Over 30 million people are learning
Chinese.
• More than 800 colleges offer Chinese
language studies.
學中文- Nationwide
• An increasing interest in learning
Chinese as a foreign language.
• 2,400 high schools expressed
interest in implementing Chinese
AP course.
中國人 – the People
• China is a land of many people,
cultures, and languages.
• Han is the largest group,
consisting of 92% of the total
population.
• There are 55 minority groups.
中文 – the Language
• Han Yu (Putonghua, Mandarin) is the most
common language, spoken by more than 2/3 of
the Chinese population.
• It is also the official language in Singapore.
• There are 7 major dialects.
• Cantonese is spoken mainly in Hong Kong and
Canton, a province in southern part of China.
中文 – the Language
Chinese is a category IV language
in terms of its difficulty.
– Category I: French, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish
– Category II: German
– Category III: Greek, Hebrew, Moro, Persian-Farsi, PersianAfghan, Pushtu-Afghan, Russian, Serbian/Croatian, Tagalog,
Turkish, Uzbek, and Vietnamese
– Category IV: Arabic, Chinese, Japanese and Korean
• Source: www.dliflc.edu
The Defense Language Institute's Foreign Language Center
中文的難易問題
• 難嗎? 難在那裏?
• 容易嗎? 爲什麽?
紐約州的中文教學
公立學校
• New York City public
schools
– 37 bilingual programs
– 30 high school reported
having Chinese as a
foreign language
– 4 Dual language
programs
• New York State
– No comprehensive data
– Increasing interest in
teaching Chinese as a
foreign language
– 8 schools/school
districts received a
Federal government
FLAP grant to
implement Chinese
language instructional
programs
紐約州的中文教育
• Chinese heritage schools
• Private schools/charter schools
– No comprehensive data
– Only teach Chinese as a foreign
language
中文教學常見的爭論
• 普通話還是廣東話
• 正體(繁體)字還是簡體字
• 注音,拼音, 還是根本不使用語音
輔助符號
• 打字還是手寫
教學的目標
• 教學的目標決定於:
–
–
–
–
課程的形態
學生的年級
每週上課時數
反映社區的需要
教學目標的衡量
– 語言的部分
• AP Chinese
• SAT II
• New York State Regents Exam (Check Point A, B)
• HSK (China), Chinese Proficiency Test (Taiwan)
• STAMP (the Standards-based Measurement of Proficiency, a Web-based
language proficiency assessment)
• NOELLA (National Online Early Language Learning Assessment,
nationally norm-based assessment of proficiency for early language
learners )
教學的目標的衡量
– Bench Marks
• http://casls.uoregon.edu/chineseOralBenchmarks.php
• NOELLA Sample Item - Chinese Simplified Reading Item:
雨
雪
晴
教學的目標的衡量
– 學生整體的學習
• On grade level standardized
assessments (grade 3 and up)
• Student report cards
ALBETAC
2007 暑期中文研習的程的設計
• 漢語拼音
• 中文打字
• 網路資源
• 利用兒歌及韻語學中文
• 5 Cs and 3 Modes