Transcript The French Monarchy

Flavio Sivieri e Pompilio Parodi
The Plantagenets and the war of
one hundred years
The last Carolingians king,Carl V died in an
hunt incident.
He didn’t have any heirs. The only blood
parent that could succeded Carl didn’t
have the support of the church,that wanted
Hugh Capet.
So with Carl V died the house of
Caroligians.
He was the first Capetians King.
He was elected by the Church and lords,
after the death of Carl V because he
wasn’t a really powerful man.
During his kingdom, the lords governed
their own provinces without the influence
of the king.
After the first king, Hugh Capet, those who
succeded him didn’t have any political
power, but all of them had long lives and
male heirs.
After Hugh, another important king was
Louis the Fat. With this king the Capetians
began to have more power.
In fact he was known as a good king and he
had the support of the Church.
His son, Louis increased his power after
marrying Eleanor, because she ruled
Aquitaine.So they formed a powerful
kingdom until they divorced in 1152.
Louis’s son, Philippe Auguste, came to the
throne in 1180 . He was more ambitious
than his father. He managed to get his
land larger. He died in 1223 in France
after returning from the Third crusade.
He had created a loyal civil service which
administered and oversaw every province
of his kingdom.
His descendant Louis IX was really religious,
so religious that he became a saint after
his death.
He managed to get everyone to love him
and convinced pretty much everyone in
France that it was better to follow the king.
He died in the Eight cruisade, probably for
dysentery.
The last king before the hundred years war
was Philippe IV’s son, Charles IV.
Lords didn’t agree to have Charles IV as
their king so they choose Charles IV’s
cousin ,Philippe of Valois.
With that king began the hundred years war.
They took the wealth from the taxes on
roads and markets, and also from selling
their tenants’s products.
With these wealth they organized an army
so that attacked other lands or defended
their territory.
For exemple the duke of Normandy
conquered England and part of Italy
CAUSES
• Economy point: the king increased the
taxes in Thr Flanders on the wool trade,
vital for England, in order to cut up the
allegiance between The Flanders’lords
and the English King.
Dinastic point: the English king, Edward III,
and the French Charles IV’s cousin
wanted the throne of France, because
they thought to have the right to take it.
Lands point:The duke of Normandy was also
the king of England and he wanted to have
more lands.
TIME LINE
WAR BEGAN
Crecy’s battle
1346
1337
Blackdeath Azincourt’s battle Troyes’s treaty Death of
Joan
Of Arc
English peasant revolts
The rising of France
1381
1348
1415
1429
1420
1431
1453
END OF
WAR
France was caught in a “nutcracker”
between Edward’s lands and his allies.
In 1340 the French king prepared a great
fleet, but it was destoyed by the English
near Dunkerque.
After that the English king had the contol of
the Channel.
In 1346 the English invaders were
weakened by sickness and retreated to
the Channel port.
The English attackers massacred the
French army composed by heavy cavalry.
After Crecy, Edward III besieged Calais, that
he managed to conquer after a year.
Calais began a fortified English stronghold,a
base for military expeditions into France
and the near continent for the next two
centuries.
The first half of the hundred years war was
plagued by the Black Death, that killed a
third of the population of both England and
France.
That created some violent and bloody
revolts, in fact pesants looted lords’
houses and castels.
In 1381 they revolted against English lords
because of Poll taxes.
At Poitiers,in 1356, The English army won
against the French army, and they
captured the French King Jean le Bon,
released after a ransom paid in gold and
lands.
After this battle both nations proclamed
peace.
Peace allowed the French King to
established more control. He managed to
broke the alliance between England and
court of Burgundy.
At the end the French king took the whole
area of Flanders.
In 1380 the French captured the Isle of
Wight, and burned some English cities on
the British coast. The English expected a
French invasion…that never happened,
because the king died without sons, so in
1407 the French royal family was divided
in two factions:Armagnacs and
Burgundians.
Armagnacs in the end won the civil battle.
In 1415 Henry V king of England was
returning towards Calais with a small army
when he met the French army composed
of 30000 men.They defeated again the
French cavalry and won the battle. Henry
V conquered the north and west of France.
Agincourt
French
camp
Tramecourt
Azincourt
English
camp
King
Edoard
Crecy
King Philp
Final part
In 1429 Joan of Arc began her quest to unite
France, sacrifying her life.
She inspired the French people and with a
well-organized army managed to drive
English back, conquering one by one all
English stronghold in France.
In 1435 they captured Bordeaux.