Transcript Slide 1
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Building a SOHO Network
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 19
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Objectives
• • •
Describe the major steps to consider when designing a SOHO network Describe and implement a SOHO network, including solving assorted problems Explain how security comes into play while building a SOHO network
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Overview
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Introduction to SOHO networks
• Small office/home office networks require
careful design consideration
• Design needs to include
structured cabling, wireless, operating systems, Internet connectivity, and network/system security
• Must consider servers, workstations, and
printers as well
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Three parts to Chapter 19
• Designing a SOHO network • Building a network • Security
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Designing a SOHO network
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design methodology
– Steps to design and build a network – List of requirements
: Define the network’s needs. Why are you installing this network? What primary features do you need?
– Network design
: What equipment do you need to make this happen? How should you organize it?
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design methodology (cont.)
– Compatibility issues
: Are you using existing equipment, applications, or cabling that have compatibility issues?
– Internal connections
: What type of structured cabling do you need? Does this network need wireless?
– External connections
: How do you connect to the Internet?
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design methodology (cont.)
– Peripherals
: How will peripherals come into play? Are you connecting any printers, fax machines, or scanners?
– Security
: How do you deal with computer, data, and network security?
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• MHTechED’s new network
– Grown from 2 to 15 hosts and servers – Moved into new offices – Network is a mess! – Your job is to help design a new network © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.1
MHTechED’s gotten bigger.
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.2 Floor plan for the new MHTechEd
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Building the network
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Building a SOHO network
– Design is usually simple – Usually minimal numbers of switches,
routers, servers, and workstations
– Key is to stick to methodology – the
checklist
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Define the network needs
– Determine size, location, other physical
factors
– Determine how many servers and what
services are needed
– Determine host and server operating
systems
– Determine software and hardware needs
for unique users
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design
– Quantifies needs for equipment,
operating systems, and network applications
• Workstations • Servers • Equipment room • Peripherals © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design (cont.)
– Workstations • One for each employee?
• Specific, standardized OS • Variations in OS for unique users (i.e., Mac or Linux) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design (cont.)
– Servers • Purpose and function • Quantity • Operating System • Redundancy (clustering or failover) • Virtualization • Backups © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design (cont.)
– Equipment room • Size • Location within facility • Environmental factors (temperature, humidity, etc.) • Physical access control • Power • Cabling to and from room © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Network design (cont.)
– Peripherals • Depend upon size and needs of SOHO network • All-in-One devices (scanner, copier, fax) are common • Networked to allow use by all users (dedicated NICs or shared from computer) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.3
MHTechEd’s cool All-in-One machine
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Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Compatibility issues
– Compatibility issues include • Different network cabling types, connectors and devices • Backward-compatibility issues • Older vs. newer equipment © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Compatibility issues (cont.)
– Issues affect interoperability of: • Network devices • Computers • Applications • Peripherals • Cabling • Connectors • Other equipment © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.4 CAT 5e and CAT 6 drops in the MHTechED office
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Internal connections
– Considerations include: • Switches • Structured cabling • Electrical and environmental limits • Wireless (WAP placement) • VLANs • IP address scheme © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Internal connections (cont.)
– Switches • Compatibility with network architecture • VLAN and PoE features – Structured cabling • Clearly labeled runs • Length of all runs • CAT ratings on all runs • Floor plan showing all runs © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Internal connections (cont.)
– Electrical and environmental limits • Electrical wiring and load capacity • Humidity • Temperature • Fire detection and protection • Physical security © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.5 Dedicated circuit
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Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Internal connections (cont.)
– Wireless • WAP placement • Signal strength/power • Encryption/authentication – VLANs • Segregate particular users, computers or networks on their own VLAN • Prevent broadcast traffic from spanning networks © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.6 Placement of WAP in network
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Internal connections (cont.)
– Network management • Servers on own VLAN • Lights-out management (LOM) – IP address scheme • Private/public IP addresses • NAT • DHCP vs. static © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.7 Lights-out management
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• External connections
– External connections affected by: • Router or external connection • ISP selection and redundancy – Router selection • Business class router • Available ports • Expandability for add-in connections – Additional Ethernet or fiber © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.8 Fixed 100BaseT ports on Cisco 2811
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Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.9 Cisco HWIC Ethernet card
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Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.10 NETGEAR SFP
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• External connections (cont.)
– ISP selection includes these
considerations:
• Is there an existing connection into building?
• Which services offered and cost of ISP • Type of connection out • Guaranteed bandwidth/throughput • Service commitment/uptime/reliability • Security © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• ISPs and MTUs
– Possible issues with ISPs and MTUs – Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) for
Ethernet is 1500 bytes
• Some systems set value to less – MTU mismatch: Ethernet connects to a
WAN technology with different size MTU
– Requires adjustment on systems to fix © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.11 Adjusting the MTU settings in Dr. TCP
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• ISPs and MTUs (cont.)
– Path MTU Discovery (PMTU) • Newer technology (2007) created to determine best MTU settings and fix mismatches between LANs and ISPs • Adds “Don’t Fragment Flag” to IP packet • Pings another device to test MTU settings and corrects if there is a mismatch • Some devices block ICMP and prevent PMTU – Creates an “ MTU black hole ” © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Peripherals
– Networked with Ethernet card – Shared from computers – All-in-One devices • Printer/copier/fax/scanner – Considerations include: • IP addressing (static or reserved addresses) • Permissions • Capacity/functionality © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 ) © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 19.12 HP M9050
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Figure 19.13 Location of fax machine and printer
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
Security
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security overview
– Not just an additional or final step – Integral part of all other steps – Integrate security into each design step
throughout design and building process
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations
– List of requirements: • What are the security needs?
– Anti-malware on all systems – Firewall w/ACL capacity – Security from equipment theft – Wireless encryption – Wireless network isolation © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations (cont.)
– Network design: • Ensure equipment satisfies requirements – Microsoft Security Essentials on all systems – Use built-in firewall on Cisco 2811 – Door locks, deadbolts, motion sensors all tied to security monitoring company – WPA Personal Shared Key – Verify that WAPs support isolation © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations (cont.)
– Compatibility issues: • Will there be security issues with the older equipment? • Can the old WAP support WPA2 PSK?
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations (cont.)
– Internal connections: • What do we need to do to protect the internal network from threats and failures?
– Verify anti-malware is installed and updated—install Microsoft Security Essentials and configure for automatic updates – Document the location of all PCs and their associated connections © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations
– Internal connections (cont.): • What do we need to do to protect the internal network from threats and failures? (cont.) – Configure servers to use RAID 5 – For power failure, use four 5000-joule, rack mounted standby power supplies in the equipment room: three for servers and one for all routers, switches, etc.
© 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations
– Internal connections (cont.): • What do we need to do to protect the internal network from threats and failures? (cont.) – Install removable hard drives for backup – Contract for offsite backup – Configure domain for strict password security © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ ® Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition (Exam N10-005 )
• Security considerations (cont.)
– External connections: • How do we connect to the Internet?
– Network uses 2811 router’s firewall features, but must be kept up to date – What ACLs must be configured?
– Peripherals: • Not a traditional security issue, but be aware of security configuration issues and risks © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.