Transcript Arts in the 19th Century

Arts in the
th
19
Century
Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism
Romanticism

Definition: an artistic and intellectual movement
emphasizing emotion in reaction to Enlightenment
emphasis on reason
 Characteristics:
– Values the mysterious, supernatural, exotic
– Admires (and fears) untamed nature
– Idealizes the past (emphasis on history)
– Cherishes tradition, folkways (sometimes blends with
nationalism)
– Glorifies “the hero”
– Cherishes “common man” (can blend into democracy)
Celebrating national spirit and pride

Jakob and Wilhelm
Grimm
 Collect folk tales
 Create dictionary of
German language
 Foster national
consciousness and
pride
Celebrating Untamed Nature




Emily Bronte, Wuthering
Heights
Powerful romantic novel
Celebrates windswept
moors
Dark moods and passions
Turner, The Storm 1823
British Museum, London
Famous Romantic Writers
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Victor Hugo (1802 – 1885)

French Romantic
writer
 Emphasis on history,
revolutionary spirit
 Hunchback of Notre
Dame
 Les Miserables
William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Daffodils
I Wandr’d lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and
hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of golden daffodils,
Beside the lake, beneath the trees
Fluttering and dancing in the
breeze
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
(1772-1834)
He prayeth best, who loveth best
All things both great and small ;
For the dear God who loveth us,
He made and loveth all.
The Rhyme of the Ancient Mariner
George Gordon, Lord Byron
(1788-1824)
The Corsair
'O'ER the glad waters of the dark
blue sea,
Our thoughts as boundless, and
our soil's as free
Far as the breeze can bear, the
billows foam,
Survey our empire, and behold
our home!
These are our realms, no limits to
their swayOur flag the sceptre all who meet
obey.
John Keats (1795-1821)
Ode To A Grecian Urn
When old age shall this generation
waste,
Thou shalt remain, in midst of other
woe
Than ours, a friend to man, to
whom thou say’st,
“Beauty is truth, truth beauty,”—
that is all
Ye know on earth, and all ye need
to know
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
Ozymandias
I met a traveller from an antique land
Who said: "Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert. Near them on the sand,
Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown
And wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,
The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed.
And on the pedestal these words appear:
`My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings:
Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!‘
Nothing beside remains. Round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,
The lone and level sands stretch far away.
Mary Wollestonecraft Shelley
(1797-1851)
Eugene Delacroix (1798-1863)
The Massacre at Chios, 1824
Algerian Women in Their Apartments, 1834
Liberty leading the People, 1830
Realism

Shows life as it is, not as it should be
 Response to industrialization
 Reflects the increasing visibility and
importance of the working class
 Reflects also impact of science and
scientific method as well as technological
advances in photography
French Realist Novelists
Honore de Balzac
Emile Zola
British Realism
Charles Dickens
Gustave Dore, Houndsditch
Realism in Painting
Honore Daumier, Third Class Carriage 1863-1865
Honore Daumier, The Print Fancier 1857-63
Gustave Courbet, The Stonebreakers, 1849
Jean-Francois Millet, The Gleaners, 1857
EdgarDegas, Two Laundresses, 1882-1884
Edgar Degas, Portraits in a New Orleans Cotton Office, 1873
Edgar Degas, The Absinthe Drinkers, 1876
Impressionism

A reaction against realistic style in painting
 Attempt to capture the moment (time)
 Fascination with light rather than form
 “They do not render a landscape, but the
sensation produced by the landscape”
Castagnary, Le Siecle, 29 April 1874
Claude Monet (1840-1926)
Impression: Soleil levant, 1872
Rouen Cathedral
The West Portal, Dull Weather 1892
Full Sunlight 1894
Garden at Sainte-Addresse, 1867
Saint-Lazare Station 1877
Auguste Renoir, Bal du Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876
Auguste Renoir, The Luncheon Boating Party, 1881
Post Impressionism
Georges Seurat, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La
Grande Jatte, 1884-1886