Transcript The library as a virtual research environment

Opening Access to Research
Through Repositories
Bill Hubbard
SHERPA Manager
University of Nottingham
Outline
 What’s it all about?
 Where are we now?
 Where are we going?
 What are we going to do?
What’s it all about
 Open Access
 Budapest Open Access Initiative
 “An old tradition and a new technology have
converged to make possible an unprecedented public
good . . .”
– http://www.soros.org/openaccess/read.shtml
 High principals to practicalities
Open Access landscape
 Open Access - definitions
– Open Access Journals
– Open Access Repositories
 Data Providers and Service Providers
 Repository networks
 Policy developments - publishers, funders, institutions
Institutional repositories
 “Digital collections that preserve and provide access
to the intellectual output of an institution.”*
 Encouraging wider use of open access information
assets
 May contain a variety of digital objects
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e-prints,
theses,
e-learning objects,
datasets
* Raym Crow The case for institutional repositories: a SPARC position paper. 2002
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Repository content
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Preprints
Postprints
Datasets
Learning objects
Videos
Sound files
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 linkage between these objects
Theses
Dissertations
Royalty publications
Conference papers
Technical reports
Grey literature
Why institutional?
 The OAI-PMH allows a single gateway to search and
access many repositories
– subject-based portals or views
– subject-based classification and search
– institutional storage and support
 Practical reasons
– use institutional infrastructure
– integration into work-flows and systems
– support is close to academic users and contributors
Repository Types
Growth of IRs in HE
 Drivers –
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e-version of working
serials crisis
greater exposure
easier access
moral case for access
 SHERPA, DARE, ARROWs, others
 Research-led universities responded
Russell & 1994 Groups
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University of Bath
Birkbeck
University of Birmingham
University of Bristol
University of Cambridge
Cardiff University
University of Durham
University of East Anglia
University of Edinburgh
University of Essex
University of Exeter
University of Glasgow
Goldsmiths
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Imperial College
King's College London
Lancaster University
University of Leeds
University of Leicester
University of Liverpool
Loughborough University
LSE
University of Manchester
University of Newcastle
University of Nottingham
University of Oxford
Queen Mary
Queen’s University
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University of Reading
Royal Holloway
University of St Andrews
University of Sheffield
SOAS
University of Southampton
University of Surrey
University of Sussex
University of Warwick
UCL
University of York
Repositories by Continent
European Repositories
Repositories’ Languages - global
Repositories Software
Use of IRs in HE
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Exposure of research outputs
Shop window
RAE-like activities
Data management
Integration with information environment
Conference papers
eTheses, eDissertations
. . . all these are internal or outgoing
how to use these resources within library provision?
Repository use
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Access to material
Citation analysis
Overlay journals
Review projects
Evidence based work
Data-mining
Cross-institutional research
group virtual research
environments
 . . . Services built on top
 RAE-like submissions,
activities and
management
 Archival storage
 “Shop-windows”
 Facilitate industrial links
 Career-long personalised
work spaces
Putting stuff in, getting stuff out
 Deposit
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create a description of the eprint
attach a copy
put into an institutional repository
takes about 10 minutes
 Discovery
– use search engines
– subject-based portals
– find similar material within your subject
publication & deposition
Author writes paper
pre-print
Submits to journal
Deposits in e-print
repository
Paper refereed
Revised by author
post-print
Author submits final version
Published in journal
published
version
Academic concerns
 Subject base more natural ?
– institutional infrastructure, view by subject
 Quality control ?
– peer-review clearly labelled
 Plagiarism
– old problem - and easier to detect
 “I already have my papers on my website . . . “
– unstructured for RAE, access, search, preservation
 Threat to journals?
– evidence shows co-existence possible - but in the future . . . ?
Issues for academic use
 Copyright restrictions
– approx.. 93% (of Nottingham’s) journals allow their authors
to archive
 Embargoes
– defines relationship of publisher to research
 Cultural change
– like email
 Deposition policies from funders
Support for repositories
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SHERPA
SHERPA Plus
RSP
RoMEO
JULIET
OpenDOAR
Prospero
Intute Repository Search
DRIVER
EThOS, DART-Europe
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RRT
IRIScotland
PERX
BASE, Oaister
 DRProg
 RPProg
 UKPMC
Developing environment
 Funding mandates
– RCUK
– Wellcome Trust
– Arthritis Research Campaign
 European Commission
– 'Study on the Economic and Technical Evolution of the
Scientific Publication Markets of Europe‘
– Petition - 17500 signatures
 The Guardian’ “Free our data” campaign
JULIET screen-shot
Re-use
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Repositories may be free
. . . they may be open
. . . they may be accessible
. . . but are they Open Access?
Repositories' Metadata Policies
Repositories' Full-text Policies
Repositories' Preservation Policies
Preservation Policy
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Items will be retained indefinitely.
The repository will try to ensure continued readability and accessibility.
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The repository regularly backs up its files according to current best practice.
The original bit stream is retained for all items, in addition to any upgraded formats.
Items may not normally be removed from the repository.
Acceptable reasons for withdrawal include:
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Items will be migrated to new file formats where necessary.
Where possible, software emulations will be provided to access un-migrated formats.
Proven copyright violation or plagiarism
Legal requirements and proven violations
National Security
Falsified research
Withdrawn items are not deleted per se, but are removed from public view.
Withdrawn items' identifiers/URLs are retained indefinitely.
URLs will continue to point to 'tombstone' citations, to avoid broken links and to retain item histories.
Changes to deposited items are not permitted.
Errata and corrigenda lists may be included with the original record if required.
If necessary, an updated version may be deposited.
In the event of the repository being closed down, the database will be transferred to another appropriate
archive.
Content Policy
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Content Policy for types of document & data set held
This is an institutional or departmental repository.
The repository holds all types of materials.
Papers are individually tagged with their peer-review and publication status.
Submission Policy
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Submission Policy concerning depositors, quality & copyright
Items may only be deposited by accredited members of the organisation, or their
delegated agents.
Authors may only submit their own work for archiving.
The administrator only vets items for the eligibility of authors/depositors,
relevance to the scope of the repository, valid layout & format, and the exclusion
of spam
The validity and authenticity of the content of submissions is the sole
responsibility of the depositor.
Items can be deposited at any time, but will not be made publicly visible until any
publishers' or funders' embargo period has expired.
Any copyright violations are entirely the responsibility of the authors/depositors.
If the repository receives proof of copyright violation, the relevant item will be
removed immediately.
Metadata Policy
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Metadata Policy for information describing items in the repository
Anyone may access the metadata free of charge.
The metadata may be re-used in any medium without prior permission for notfor-profit purposes and re-sold commercially provided the OAI Identifier or a link
to the original metadata record are given.
Data Policy
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Data Policy for full-text and other full data items
Anyone may access full items free of charge.
Copies of full items generally can be:
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provided:
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reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium
for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior
permission or charge.
the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given
a hyperlink and/or URL are given for the original metadata page
the content is not changed in any way
Full items must not be harvested by robots except transiently for full-text
indexing or citation analysis
Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal
permission of the copyright holders.
Co-existence?
 Can repositories co-exist with traditional publication?
 Can repositories work with the current environment?
 Can repositories work with the future environment?
 What is the future? - and to what extent will Open
Access form the future?
Futures
 10 years - what changes are coming down the track
and what responses are needed?
 What is inside your control and what is outside?
 Irrespective of repositories, author-side charges,
open access - what will develop?
 Developments in the web and ICT alone will produce
substantial change . . .
 Some themes to discuss . . .
http://www.sherpa.ac.uk
http://www.opendoar.org
[email protected]
SHERPA Partners
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University of Nottingham
London LEAP Consortium
University of Birmingham
– Birkbeck College
University of Bristol
– Goldsmiths College
University of Cambridge
– Imperial College
University of Durham
– Institute of Cancer
Research
University of Edinburgh
– Kings College
University of Glasgow
– London School of
London LEAP Consortium
Economics and Political
University of Newcastle
Science (LSE)
University of Oxford
– Royal Holloway
White Rose Partnership
– Queen Mary
The British Library
Arts & Humanities Data Service
– School of Oriental and
African Studies (SOAS)
– School of Pharmacy (SoP)
– University College,
London (UCL)
White Rose Partnership
– University of Leeds
– University of Sheffield
– University of York