Transcript Type of Information Systems

Organization Structure
Information Technology
 Information technologies are flexible tools,
constrained primarily by managers’ will to use
them, expectations about their roles, and
applications choices.
Cash p.267
Organization Structure
 Division of Labor
 Who
does what?
 Division of Decision Rights
 Who
should make which decision?
 Coordination Mechanisms
 Organizational Boundaries
 Informal Structures
IT Era’s
 Data Processing (DP)
 Micro Era
 Network Era
 WAN Network Environment
 Client-Server
 Thin
Client
 WAP
Types of Information Systems
Human
Resources
Systems
Manufacturing
Information
Systems
Quality Control
Information
Systems
Customer
Geographic
Information
Systems
Financial
and Accounting
Systems
Marketing
Information
Systems
Other Information Systems
 Strategic
Semiconductor – “faster & better”
decisions
 National
 Global – Levi’s
Strategic Information Systems
(SIS)
 Creates applications that provide direct
strategic advantage


Differentiation
Cost Leadership
 Supports strategic changes – like
reengineering
 Provide business intelligence by collecting
and analyzing information

Improve internal efficiency
SIS – (cont.)
 Customer-oriented approaches
 Innovative
 Support or Shape a business unit
 Growth
 Alliances
Issues
Why culture and structure matter.
New Issues
 PC Training and Consultation
 Shift from Personal to Interpersonal
 Email vs. Videoconferencing vs. Telephone
 Email - Private vs. Public
 Emerging Technologies
 Speech Recognition
 Multimedia
 Virtual Reality
Managerial Issues
 Transition to networked computing
 From legacy to ? (client/server – Web)
 How much infrastructure?
 When do we upgrade?
 The role of the ISD?
 The role of the user?
 Ethical Issues
Keys Planning Issues
 Align IT plan with organizational business plan
 IT architecture that promotes and networks the
integration of users, applications, and
databases
 Allocation of IS and operational resources
among competing applications
 Completing projects on time and within budget
Items for paper
Hint, hint.
Nolan’s Stages –
Theory of IT Adoption and Org.
Learning (Pg 528-530)
 Initiation
 Expansion
 Control
 Integration
 Data administration
 Maturity
Critical Success Factors
(CSF’s – Pg 530)
 What industry objectives are central to
your organization?
 What are the critical factors that are
essential to meeting these objectives?
 What decisions or actions are key to
these critical factors?
 What information systems can supply
these measures?
CSF’s Prime Source
 Structure of Particular Industry
 Competitive Strategy, industry position,
and geographical location
 Environmental Factors
 Temporal Factors