Working Group 5

Implementation and Delivery

Means of Implementation for Sustainable Development Post Rio+20 Facilitator: Sascha Gabizon WECF International, Major Group Women

Rio+20 outcomes on MoI

• • • • • Finance: Paragraph 255, Paragraph 257 Technology: Paragraph 273 and 275 Capacity Building: Paragraph 27 Trade: Paragraph 281 Registry of commitments: Paragraph 283

Based on the reconfirmed Rio 1992 Principles

• • • • •

“polluter pays” “ precautionary principle” “principle 10” on public participation and access to information “common but differentiated responsibilities”

…

1. Finance para 255-257

• • • • • to “establish an intergovernmental process under the auspices of the General Assembly” with UN, Financial Institutions and ‘other relevant stakeholders’ to prepare a report on an “effective financing strategy for SD” by Sept 2014 and present it to the General Assembly

2. Technology - para 273

• • • • UN Secretary General gives recommendations on a facilitation mechanism for technology transfer and needs assessment for transfer of environmentally sound technologies based on a report prepared by the UN to be submitted by Sept 2013

2. Technology- para 275

• • • 275. We recognize the importance of strengthening international, regional and national capacities in research and technology assessment, especially in view of the rapid development and possible deployment of new technologies that may also have unintended negative impacts, in particular on biodiversity and health, or other unforeseen consequences.

3: Capacity Building

• • Emphasizes the need for enhanced capacity building for sustainable development and, in this regard, Calls for the strengthening of technical and scientific cooperation, including North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation

4: Trade

• • Reaffirms that international trade is an engine for development and sustained economic growth Reaffirms the critical role that a universal, rules based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system, as well as meaningful trade liberalization, can play in stimulating economic growth and development worldwide, thereby benefiting all countries at all stages of development, as they advance towards sustainable development.

5: Registry of Voluntary Commitments

• Welcomes the commitments voluntarily entered into at the UNCSD and throughout 2012 by all stakeholders and their networks to implement concrete policies, plans, programmes, projects and actions to promote sustainable development and poverty eradication

Guiding Questions

• • • • •

Q 1 -2 – sufficient? what is missing?

Q 3 – what new sources of finance /resources Q 4 – Technology – rights and risks Q 5 – Trade opportunity? risks?

Q 6 – voluntary agreements – how to actualize

How to finance global sustainable development

1. 30% reduction in all national military expenditures (based on 2010 exp.) USD$ 500b/an – Costa Rica, Greece 2. ODA 0.7% GNI of OECD countries and 0.35% GDP BRIC and emerging economies USD$ 100b/an 3. Tobin Tax on international financial transactions USD$ 100b/an 4. Diversion of fossil fuel subsidies (based on 2010 subsidy levels) USD$ 300b/an 5. Closing of Tax Havens globally USD$ 40b/an Total USD$1040b/an Source: CIVICUS meeting Canada, Sept 2012

Example FTT

Halt unsustainable financial incentives / perverse subsidies

• Regulate investors – e.g. limit financial speculation in food prices • Redirect subsidies away from unsustainable activities, – Fossil fuel and nuclear subsidies – Large scale fisheries – Industrial agriculture subsidies

Many fuel subsidies aim at the poor

• • • When eliminate subsidies target at the poor, replace with better solution Social Protection Floor – Brazil „Bolsa Familia“ basic access to housing, food, water, health care – Also for those not in formal employment (‚indecent‘ – informal and precaurious sectors) – Inequalities – who needs it? 90% women Basic income through job programmes (India)

Pesticides/chemicals: 900,000 dead - 2 mio ill p/year

New Finances

• • Global tax on chemical industry – of 0.01% on global sales bringing 4 billion per year in trust fund Tax on mining - extractive industry tax – Australia, L-America, Norway (ca 80% of oil revenue taxed – part goes into trust-fund for future) – Rehabilitation and cleaning of mining areas - Polluter pays

Technology

• • Global Trust fund for independent hazards assessment of technologies – Funded by contributions from industries – Example GMO, nano, geo-engineering, shale-gas Transparency rules - No double hats – in administration and public health and environment protection agencies - Anti-corruption measures - Mandatory labelling (nano in sunscreens, gmo‘s..)

Technology – precautionary principle

• • • Independent technology assessment body – Particularly for developing countries to obtain transparent objective information of long term impacts, risks and costs and in mean time, as info is not available: Moratorium on geo-engineering Moratorium on deep sea mining – UN Convention on oceans & seas – intergovernmental body – ocean pollution

Capacity Building

• • • Cultural activities for sustainable development education Sustainable Development Councils in schools Promotion of women for capacity building and as CEOs

Voluntary Commitments

• • • • not instead of government responsibility but to mobilize local communities – e.g. link to SDGs role of civil society can be to monitor their effectiveness – not used for greenwashing and to spread good practices