Transcript SS7H2 The student will analyze continuity and change in

SS7H2 The student will analyze
continuity and change in Southwest
Asia (Middle East) leading to the
21st century.
d. Explain U.S. presence and interest
in Southwest Asia; include the
Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of
Afghanistan and Iraq.
Nation of Israel Created
• 1948
• Israel is founded as a Jewish State. (technically Secular, but
most Jewish)
• Israel is recognized by the United Nations as a separate
country.
• Since the creation of the nation, Israel has fought many wars
with the Arab nations that border it, like Egypt, Syria, Lebanon,
and Jordan.
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
• 1964
• The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is
founded with the aim of destroying Israel and
returning lands in Israel to the Palestinian people.
• Yassir Arafat is their leader.
• This well known terrorist organization used
violence and terrorism to send its messages to
the world.
• It was very active in the 60s and 70s in Terrorism,
but recently does NOT used terrorism.
• In 1988 Arafat renounced Terrorism. Israel and
the PLO have held talks and the PLO are the
leaders of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
• People who still want to use Terrorism against
Israel today normally join the Hezbollah or
Hamas, not PLO, because the PLO and Israel have
held discussion and want to move towards a
peaceful solution.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/
Terrorism/plo.html
Wars between Palestinians and Israeli
• 1967 Six Day War: Egypt, Syria, and Jordan form an alliance
against Israel. Israel retaliates and gains control of the West
Bank, Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem.
• 1973 Yon Kipper War: Egypt, Syria, and other Muslim nations
attack Israel. Israel rebounds and controls even more
Palestinian lands.
• 1982 War: Israeli jets bomb PLO strongholds in Beirut,
Lebanon. The Israelis hoped to eliminate the PLO and sign a
new peace treaty. A peace treaty was not signed and the
violence continues today.
Saddam Hussein Rules Iraq
» 1979-2003
• A violent, harsh and cruel
dictator that ruled Iraq with
an iron fist.
• Saddam supported the
nation of Palestine, used
chemical weapons in battle
against their neighbor Iran,
and committed genocide
against the Kurds of Northern
Iraq. It has been estimated
that the regime of Saddam
killed around 180,000
people.
• In 2006, Saddam was
captured and hanged for his
crimes against humanity.
Iranian
Revolution
1979
• A revolution that transformed Iran from a monarchy, to an Islamic
Theocratic Republic.
• The country is ruled by the Ayatollah: a religious scholar of Islam.
• The country is a Theocracy, or uses religious rule.
• Government is formed from Islamic ideals with the goal of removing
western culture from Iran. The revolution made Islamic fundamentalism a
political force. There is evidence of financial and military support of
terrorist groups like Hamas, Hezbollah, and the PLO by the Iranian
government.
• Iranians believe that obeying the Islamic government is an expression of
obedience to Allah.
• Human rights are often violated.
• Strongly disagrees with USA.
• Fought War in 1980- 1989 with Iraq. 1.5 Million injured in Iraq and Iran
Gulf War
Gulf War
From Steven McCurry
• 1990-1991
• Gulf War- A conflict between Iraq led by Saddam Hussein and 30
nations led by the United States.
• Iraq accused Kuwait of illegally drilling oil in their country to sell for
profit.
• Iraq was in debt from 8 year long war with Iran
• The USA went to war because Iraq threaten the oil supply of many
nations and Kuwait was a part of the UN.
• Iraq was defeated and Kuwait was set free.
War on Terrorism
• 2001-2011
• War in Afghanistan
• The war began in October of 2001
in response to the terrorists
attacks of September 11th, 2001.
• The USA was attacked by terrorists
called al-Qaeda.
• The war marked the beginning of
the United States war on
terrorism.
• The goal of the war was to remove
the Taliban (Government of
Afghanistan sympathetic to alQaeda) from power and find the
al-Qaeda leader Osama Bin Laden.
• This war is not related to Iraq or
to Saddam Hussein.
From Discovery Education
War in Iraq
• 2003-2011:
• Operation Iraqi Freedom
• A coalition of countries led by the United States attacks Iraq and
removes Saddam Hussein (violent dictator) from power as an
attempt to establish a democracy and remove weapons of mass
destruction.
• The United Nations inspectors have never found any of the
nuclear weapons.
• Saddam Hussein is not connected Osama Bin Laden’s al-Qaeda
terrorist network. There is NO connection between the terrorists
and the war in Iraq.
War in Iraq
•The war has costs billions of dollars
•Hundreds of thousands of lives lost
•Fighting between Ethnic and religious
groups and extremists still are
occurring.
•http://costsofwar.org/
Wars between Israel
and Palestine (and
other Arab States)
1948, 1967, 1972, 1982,
2006
Iran Revolution 1979
Conflicts in the
Modern Middle East
Gulf War
USA, Iraq, Kuwait
1991
Operation Iraqi Freedom
Iraq and USA
To remove Saddam
Hussein and Weapons of
Mass Destruction
2003-2011
War on Terror
USA and Afghanistan
(War on Terror and Osama
Bin Laden/ Al-Qaeda)
2001-2011