Transcript English 1213 Dr. Jones

Research Cycle
When and How Information
Gets Published
Research Cycle:
Scientific Information
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Research & Development
Initial Reporting of Results
Author’s Finished Report
Peer-Reviewed Publication of
Research Article
Compilations of Previous Work
News Reports
Research & Development
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Academia
Industry
Government
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Informal
Communications:
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Email
Instant Messaging
Discussion Lists
Blogs
Social Networking
Conversations
Initial Reporting of Results
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Patents (or patent applications)
Conference Papers/Presentations
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If funding runs out or the work appears to
be a “dead end,” this may be the only
report ever generated.
Author’s Finished Report
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Preprints
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Technical Reports
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Often posted to a preprint server; author
establishes priority and solicits comment prior to
formal review
Reports of research performed by gov’t
agencies, private industry, or academic
departments
Dissertations/Theses

A student’s final report of research performed for
a graduate degree
Peer-Reviewed Publication of
Research Article
Completed paper is submitted to a journal; the
editor(s) send the paper to another
researcher in the same field of work for
comment and verification of the quality of
work; the paper may be returned to the
author for corrections, elaboration, etc.
before final acceptance.
 Letters Journals
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Also known as “rapid communications” journals,
publish shorter articles and offer authors faster
publication than other research journals
Compilations of Previous Work
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Review Articles
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An expert in a field reports on the “state of the
art” of the area of research. May appear in a
Review Journal (“Annual Reviews in…; Reviews
of…”) or in a research journal.
Monographs (books)
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Encyclopedias
Handbooks
Textbooks
News Reports
May occur at any point in the research process
 Newspapers
 Magazines
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News and features, usually for a general or
interested-amateur audience
Trade Journals
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News and features for professionals in a
particular field
Part 1
Identifying Differences
Between
Informational Sources
Primary vs. Secondary
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Conference Papers
Peer-Reviewed
Articles
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Information is
directly from the
researcher
“original content”
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Review Articles
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Information
summarized by
someone other
than the researcher
Handbooks,
Encyclopedias, etc.
“study of the original”
Periodicals
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MAGAZINES
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Popular Info
Audience:
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JOURNALS
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Scholarly Info
Audience:
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General Public
Amateur Interest
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Purpose:
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Hobby
Pleasure
Curiosity
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Researcher
Professional Who
Needs to Stay Up-toDate
Purpose:
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Goal-Driven
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Research Paper
Certification, Tenure
Job Requirement
Difference Between Scholarly and
Popular Periodicals
POPULAR MAGAZINES
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USUALLY SOMEWHAT SLICK
AND ATTRACTIVE IN
APPEARANCE
RARELY CITE SOURCES.
INFO. IS USUALLY
SECONDARY, REPORTED
FROM SOURCE
ARTICLES SHORT, WRITTEN
IN SIMPLE LANGUAGE AND
FOR A MINIMAL EDUCATION
LEVEL
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USUALLY LOT OF
ADVERTISING AND PICTURES
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PAGINATION RESTARTS IN
EVERY ISSUE
SCHOLARLY JOURNALS
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HAVE A SOBER, SERIOUS LOOK
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ALWAYS CITE THEIR SOURCES IN
FOOTNOTES/BIBLIOGRAPHIES
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ARTICLES WRITTEN BY A SCHOLAR
OR RESEARCHER “HORSE’S
MOUTH”
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PEER-REVIEWED BY SCHOLARS
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LANGUAGE OF JOURNAL ASSUMES
SOME SCHOLARLY BACKGROUND
ON THE PART OF READER
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ADVERTISING IS SPECIALIZED TO
THAT DISCIPLINE
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PAGINATION IS CUMULATIVE
Moving Towards Evaluation
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Scholarly sources are concerned with academic
study, especially research for individuals such as,
students, teachers, professors, or any other
professional who need current information to stay
informed of changes to their profession or area of
expertise. Many scholarly journals are peer
reviewed or refereed, that is, these articles have
been subjected to a rigorous approval and editing
process by other scholars in that discipline. This
process doesn’t apply to popular magazines.
Science Peer Review in a Nut Shell
End of Session
Created by:
Jason Dupree
Southwestern Oklahoma State
University