Transcript Slide 1

Women and EU rural
development policy
EESC Open hearing
11 May 2012
Agata Zdanowicz- DG AGRI unit E4
The structure of the presentation
1) Background: EU Strategy for
women and men 2010-2015
2) Employment
statistics
of
women
in
equality
rural
between
areas:
some
3) Women in agriculture
4) Gender mainstreaming
2007/2013
in
the
RD
policy
5) Gender mainstreaming in the future policies
in
EU strategy for equality between women and men
2010-2015
Key actions in 6 priority areas:
1) Equal economic independence
2) Equal pay for equal work and work of equal value
3) Equality in decision-making
4) Dignity, integrity
violence
and
an
end
to
gender-based
5) Gender equality in external actions
6) Horizontal issues
(Adopted by the Commission September 2010)
Employment in rural areas
• EU27 employment rate in rural areas has fallen
down in the last 3 years – from 70.4% in 2008
to 68.6% in 2010 (financial and economic crisis
in 2008)
• Quarterly GDP growth in rural areas in 2010
showed some positive signs - 0.8% in Q1-2011;
but remains below 1% for the Union
• Employment rates of women continue to be
much lower than those for men (61.9% versus
74.9% for Q1-2011)
Source: Commission Staff Working document on employment and
growth in rural areas, 2011
Employment of women in agriculture
The Farm Structure Survey 2007 data are still the most recent figures
available.
•
Women represent 42% of all agricultural workers
EU-12 (47%) compared to the EU-15 (38%)
•
More than 1/3 of women was working in agriculture are farm
holders, (half of the proportion for males)
•
A significant number of women work in agriculture as spouse of
the holder (about 44%)
•
Presence of women varies with the according to the economic
size of the farm holding
5
Agricultural labour force by sex of worker in EU - 2007
100%
Women in agriculture 1/2
90%
80%
Males
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
Females
20%
10%
Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey, 2007
MT
IE
DK
FR
ES
FI
BE
UK
NL
LU
SE
DE
CZ
CY
IT
GR
EU-27
AT
BG
SK
SI
RO
PL
PT
HU
EE
LV
LT
0%
Agricultural labour force - M and F - by economic potential of the farm in EU-27 - 2007
Women in agriculture 2/2
100%
90%
80%
70%
Males
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
Females
10%
0%
Less than 1
From 1 to
less than 2
From 2 to
less than 4
From 4 to
less than 8
From 8 to
From 16 to
less than 16 less than 40
From 40 to
less than
100
From 100 to 250 or more
less than
250
Economic size class is measured in economic size units (1 ESU = 1.200 euros)
Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey, 2007
Role of women on the farm
EU-27 agricultural labour force in 2007
Family labour force
24.827.070
Non family
labour force
Sole holders
Spouses of sole
holders
Other family
members of sole
holders
13.441.210
6.128.820
5.257.010
1.842.330
28.7% F
80.1% F
36.7% F
27.9% F
71.3% M
19.9% M
63.3% M
72.1% M
Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey, 2007
Role of women on the farm - trends
• 28.7% of EU27 farm
holders are
women
• Pre-1990
Member
States:
increase from
19% to 27%
of total farm
holders
between
1990 and
2007
Female farm holders (as % of total farm holders) in EU - 2007
35%
EU-12
30%
EU-27
EU-15
25%
20%
2003
Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey, 2007
2005
2007
Gender mainstreaming in the EU RD Policy
2007-2013 (1/3)
• The principle of non-discrimination is strongly
embedded into the EU rural development legislation
(in line with Articles 2 and 3 of the EC Treaty)
• The Rural Development policy addresses equality
between men and women at different stages of the
policy development and implementation:
•
•
•
•
Community Strategic Guidelines
Rural Development Regulation
Programming principles
Monitoring and evaluation
Gender mainstreaming in the EU RD Policy
2007-2013 (2/3)
Common Strategic Guidelines (priorities for RD on EU level)
• demands that the particular needs of women in rural areas
are embedded in the programming period 2007-2013
Rural Development Regulation (EC) N° 1698/2005 (EAFRD):
• Article 8: "Member States and the Commission shall promote
equality between men and women and shall ensure that any
discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or
belief, disability, age or sexual orientation is prevented during
the various stages of programme implementation."
Gender mainstreaming in the EU RD Policy
2007-2013 (3/3)
Programming requirements for the Member States
• Equality principle and the needs of women to be taken into
account in design, implementation, monitoring and
evaluation of the programmes
Monitoring and evaluation
• Gender specific indicators for a number of measures are
provided by Member States in their annual progress reports
starting from the reporting year 2008
Some indicator data from annual reports 2010 (1/3)
Number of participants
measure 111 (training)
Number of beneficiaries:
measure 112: young farmer
measure 121: on-farm investment
25000
20000
400000
15000
300000
Men
Women
10000
200000
100000
5000
0
0
Men
Women
112
121
Some indicator data from annual reports 2010 (2/3)
Number of beneficiaries: Axis 3 measures:
311: on-farm diversification
312: creation of micro and small enterprises
331: training and information
341: skills acquisition and animation for local development strategies
1000
900
800
700
600
Men
500
Women
400
300
200
100
0
311
312
331
341
Some indicator data from annual reports 2010 (3/3)
Number of beneficiaries for measure 121 by
Member State (incomplete data)
5000
4000
3000
Men
Women
2000
1000
0
AT ES FR BE
IE
SE EE DE
IT
SI
LV RO LT PL NL DK
FI
Rural development in a new framework
Europe 2020 strategy
Common Strategic Framework (CSF)
– covering the EAFRD, ERDF, ESF, Cohesion Fund and EMFF, and reflecting EU2020 through common
thematic objectives to be addressed by key actions for each of the funds
Partnership Contract
– national document outlining the intended use of the funds in the pursuit of EU2020 objectives
Rural development
policy: EAFRD
Other CSF funds
(ERDF, ESF, CF, EMFF)
Priorities
Innovation, Environment and Climate Change as cross-cutting objectives
Fostering
knowledge
transfer and
Innovation in
agriculture,
forestry and
rural areas
Enhancing
competitiveness
of all types of
agriculture
and farm viability
Promoting
food chain
organisation
and risk
management
in agriculture
Restoring,
preserving and
enhancing
ecosystems
dependent on
agriculture and
forestry
Promoting resource
efficiency and
supporting the shift
towards a low carbon
and climate resilient
economy in
agriculture, food
and forestry sectors
Promoting social
inclusion,
poverty reduction
and economic
development
in rural areas
Rural Development Programme(s)
17
Rural development
priorities
1. Knowledge
transfer and
Innovation
2. Competitiveness
of all types of
agriculture
and farm viability
3. Food chain
organisation and
risk management
4. Restoring,
preserving and
enhancing
ecosystems
5. Resource efficiency
and shift towards a
low carbon and
climate resilient
economy
6. Social inclusion,
poverty reduction
and economic
development
in rural areas
Focus areas
(a) fostering innovation and the knowledge base in rural areas
(b) strengthening the links between agriculture and forestry and research and innovation
(c) fostering lifelong learning and vocational training in the agricultural and forestry sectors
(a) facilitating restructuring of farms facing major structural problems, notably farms with a
low degree of market participation, market-oriented farms in particular sectors and farms in
need of agricultural diversification
(b) facilitating generational renewal in the agricultural sector
(a) better integrating primary producers into the food chain through quality schemes,
promotion in local markets and short supply circuits, producer groups and inter-branch
organisations
(b) supporting farm risk management
(a) restoring and preserving biodiversity, including in Natura 2000 areas and HNV farming, and
the state of European landscapes
(b) improving water management
(c) improving soil management
(a) increasing efficiency in water use by agriculture
(b) increasing efficiency in energy use in agriculture and food processing
(c) facilitating the supply and use of renewable sources of energy, of by-products, wastes,
residues and other non food raw material for purposes of the bio-economy
(d) reducing nitrous oxide and methane emissions from agriculture
(e) fostering carbon sequestration in agriculture and forestry
(a) facilitating diversification, creation of new small enterprises and job creation
(b) fostering local development in rural areas
(c) enhancing accessibility to, use and quality of information and communication technologies
(ICT) in rural areas
Innovation, Climate Change and Environment as cross-cutting objectives
18
Gender mainstreaming:
future Rural Development policy
•
(1/4)
Stimulation of gender mainstreaming crucial for
building on human and social potential of rural areas
General principles:
•
Article 7 of the proposed common provision regulation for five
funds states the horizontal principle of the promotion of equality
between man and women and non-discrimination
all Common Strategic Framework (CSF) funds
•
The Code of conduct on partnership in CSF
(under elaboration): gender equality and the involvement of
women a basic principle
Gender mainstreaming:
future Rural Development policy
(2/4)
• Ex-ante conditionality on gender equality:
respect of equality and addressing gender related issues a
fundamental precondition for approval of programmes
• Partnership Contract and each programme: Member
States shall organise a partnership also with bodies
responsible for promoting equality and non-discrimination
(Art 5, paragraph 1 c)
• Requirements on representation of women and
minority groups in the policy implementation cycle
Gender mainstreaming:
future Rural Development policy
(3/4)
• Several tools are provided that can be used to
promote gender equality:
•
•
•
•
•
training and knowledge transfer measures
co-operation measures
farm and business development support
farm relief or access to credit/ financial engineering
LEADER
• Managing Authorities as well as Local Action
Groups (LAGs) have the possibility to stimulate and
prioritise women issues in the rural socio-economic
life
Gender mainstreaming
in rural development policy:
data collection needs
We need more data on the situation of women in rural
areas - the Commission sees the usefulness of it
Member States' calls for substantive simplification of reporting
requirements – it is difficult to introduce any additional data
collection requirements
European Network for Rural Development and its constituent
national networks can be used to identify and exchange
further examples and data on projects promoting gender
mainstreaming in rural areas
As a conclusion…
European Union needs gender
mainstreaming to stay competitive, and to
reach its Europe 2020 targets
Efforts to enhance the overall situation of
women is part of the policy and legal
framework for post-2013, already
reflecting the objectives set in the
strategy on gender equality for 2010-2015
Thank you!