Transcript Afterschool In America

Roadmap to
Afterschool for All
Examining Current Investments and
Mapping Future Needs
Afterschool Alliance
www.afterschoolalliance.org
Basics of Afterschool
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Parents of 28 million kids work outside the home.
14.3 million, or 25%, of the country’s K-12 youth
take care of themselves after school.
3 to 6 p.m. are the most dangerous hours for kids.
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Juvenile crime soars
Peak hours for drugs, alcohol, cigarettes and sex
Lack of physical activity/obesity
Parents of 15 million children would sign up
for an afterschool program – if one were
available.
Public Support
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Nearly nine in ten voters (89 percent) say
that, given the dangers young people face
today, afterschool programs are important
3 in 4 voters agree programs are an absolute
necessity
76% agree that newly elected officials in
Congress and state and local officials should
increase funding for afterschool
Source: Afterschool Alliance Poll conducted by Lake,
Snell, Perry & Associates, Inc., November 2008
Benefits of Quality
Afterschool Programs
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Improved Test Scores and Grades
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Improved School Attendance, Engagement in Learning
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More likely to come to school, stay in school and graduate
Los Angeles program reduced drop out rate by 20%
Improved Social and Emotional Behavior
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21st CCLC participants nationwide - 43% improved reading
scores, 42% improved math scores
Promising Programs study – big gains in test scores, work habits
Lower truancy, drug use, violence, teen pregnancy
Develop leadership, critical thinking, self-confidence, teamwork
Improved Health and Wellness
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Structured physical activities, healthy snacks help prevent weight
gain tied to inactivity after school and during summer
What We Knew Going Into This
Federal Funding Picture
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21st Century Community
Learning Centers $50 million
increase for FY09
NCLB authorized $2.5
billion
Other sources of afterschool
money: CCDBG, Safe and
Drug Free Schools, OJJDP,
SES, Department of
Agriculture
FY
Amount
Appropriated
Amount
Authorized in
NCLB
2002
$1 billion
$1.25 billion
2003
$993.5M
$1.5 billion
2004
$991M
$1.75 billion
2005
$991M
$2 billion
2006
$981M
$2.25 billion
2007
$981M
$2.5 billion
2008
$1.08 B
$2.5 billion
2009
$1.13 B
$2.5 billion
State Funding for Afterschool
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CA – $550 million to K-8 Afterschool Education and Safety (ASES) Programs in FY08
RI – FY08 Funding Analysis suggests $50.9 spent by public agencies
GA – $14 million to school- and community- based afterschool programs through TANF,
renewed for FY09, plus $20.3 million in TANF funds reallocated to child care.
NJ – $14.5 million in state funds to NJ After 3 PM in FY09
TN – $12.5 million unclaimed lottery funds (LEAP)
OH – $10 million in TANF funds to support afterschool programs in targeted
communities
NY – $9.4 million through a mix of state and TANF funds
MA – $5.5 million in state funding in 2008, up from $2 million in 2007
MN – $5+ million over two years
CT – $4.4 million in Dept of Ed and Dept of Social Services funds (combined)
WA – $3 million over 2 years for programs, professional development and technical
assistance
IA -- $900,000 for programs from the Healthy Iowans Tobacco Trust
Local Systems
Baltimore’s After School Strategy
Total: $7.5M (providers required to provide 20% cash match, totaling an
additional $1.5M)
Public: 100%
City: 85% (Baltimore City Public Schools, Baltimore City general operating)
State: 9% (Maryland After School Opportunity Fund)
Federal: 6% (OJJDP)
Prime Time Palm Beach County
Total: $5.2 M
Public: 72%, source: Children’s Services Council
Private Foundations: 28%
Providence After School Alliance
Total: $2.9M
Public: 50%
City: 27% (School district, City of Providence)
Federal: 23% (21st Community Learning Center)
Private: 50%
NYC – Of the public funds for afterschool
City: 66%
Federal 26% (21st CCLC, USDA & SES)
State : 8%
Private Funders
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Corporate Voices After School White Paper
that found that American companies
invested $136.6 million in 2005 to local
afterschool programs.
In Rhode Island, private funders invested
almost $14 million in expanded learning
opportunities
While several foundations support
afterschool programs, there is no
compilation of how much foundations are
investing in afterschool
Roadmap to
Afterschool For All
Roadmap Project Overview
With funding from the Charles Stewart Mott
Foundation and the Atlantic Philanthropies,
the Afterschool Alliance commissioned a
scientific study to assess the current investment
in afterschool programs from the public sector,
parents, foundations and business, and to
estimate the added investment necessary at
each level to provide quality afterschool for all.
Roadmap Project Goals
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Better understand current funding for
afterschool;
Create a funding roadmap that will help sustain
and expand quality afterschool programs;
Inform a long-term legislative agenda at every
level; and
Create real benchmarks for measuring
progress.
Methodology of the Study
Multiple Stage Sampling
50 School Districts, stratified by income
and then selected using PPS
 Developed sampling frame of afterschool
programs in 50 districts
 Telephone interviews with 537 programs
from the 50 districts – goal was 10 from
each district, but some districts had fewer
than 10 programs
 Secondary analysis: tracking federal, state,
philanthropic and corporate funding with
afterschool as an allowable use
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Definition
For this survey, afterschool programs are
defined as programs that:
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serve school-age children,
occur before or after school (but may also
occur at other times like weekends and in
the summer),
operate approximately 12 or more
hours/week and
are not single-activity focused (e.g., not
only tutoring or sports).
Survey Instrument
Administered by phone
 Asked programs basic descriptive info
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 How
many kids served
 Hours of operation
 Types of activities
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Funding information
 Repeated
same series of questions
for all funding sources
Findings – Basic Descriptive Info
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Long running programs – more than half in operation
for 10+ years
Most operate 5 days a week for at least 3 hours a day
and in summer
Students participate regularly
Mostly elementary students
School is most common location, but some programs
in schools are run by non-profits or for-profits
48% of programs report serving at least 40% free or
reduced price lunch students.
Indicators of Quality
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Median child to staff ratio is 11:1
For 87% of programs, a majority of enrolled students
participate regularly (at least 60% of the time)
Staff Qualifications
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Site Coordinators/Directors
• 95% have had previous experience with youth, 41% are
certified teachers, 83% have a 2- or 4-year degree
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Staff
• In one-third of the programs, at least some of the staff were
certified teachers.
• In half of the programs, some or all of the staff had a 2 or 4
year degree.
• In virtually all of the programs (94%) at least some of the
staff had previous experience with youth.
Findings
Activities offered by programs serving all age groups:
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Tutoring/Academics/Homework help: 98%
Recreation and sports: 93%
Health education : 88%
Life/Personal skills: 88%
Creative arts: 84%
Family involvement: 76%
Mentoring: 74%
Leadership skills: 72%
Community service: 70%
Findings
Activities – Among older youth programs
only:
 Career Development: 51%
 College application assistance: 47%
 Substance abuse prevention: 47%
 Violence prevention 41%
 Pregnancy prevention: 34%
Findings – Funding Sources
Funding Source
Percentage of programs
accessing funding source
Percentage of total
budget from each source
Tuition, Fees
83%
76.3%
Federal Grants
28%
11.0%
State Grants
11%
3.1%
Local Grants
13%
2.4%
Businesses
12%
0.8%
Foundations
12%
2.5%
Religious
5%
0.2%
Individual Donors
23%
1.9%
Other Sources
9%
1.8%
Non-Monetary Donations
36%
N/A
Funding differences by program
characteristics
Program funding differs depending on whether or not
programs serve low-income children:
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69% of programs with at least 40% of enrollees receiving free or
reduced-price lunches (low-income) receive funding from parental
tuition compared to 96% of other programs
43% of low-income serving programs receive funding from Federal
grants compared to 15% of other programs. Low-income programs
are also much more likely to receive state and local grants and
more likely to receive almost any other type of funding.
Program funding differs by how long they’ve been in
operation
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Long-standing programs more likely to receive funding from
parents and less likely to receive public funds, foundation grants,
and in-kind donations. Long standing programs are also less likely
to serve low-income kids.
Program funding differs by size/enrollment
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Smaller programs are more likely to receive tuition and less likely to
receive public funds, funds from businesses, foundations, donors, and
other sources, and in-kind donations.
Cost Estimate Consistent
with other Cost Research
 By dividing total cost by enrollment, average cost per
student per year is $3190 (includes summer for most
programs)
 January 2009 report by P/PV and Finance Project,
commissioned by The Wallace Foundation found
average cost per enrollee to be $3366 for ES/MS and
$2670 for HS (includes summer program).
 Rhode Island Cost Analysis found average cost to be
$2,097 for school year plus $636 per student per
summer = $2733
 Center for Summer Learning – average cost of summer
program $1295
Cost by Funding Source
By dividing program budget by enrollment,
average cost per student per year is $3190
Funding Source
Tuition, Fees
Percentage of total funding
Average contribution
per child
76.3%
$2,433.97
Federal Grants
11%
$350.90
State Grants
3.1%
$98.89
Local Grants
2.4%
$76.56
Businesses
.8%
$25.52
Foundations
2.5%
$79.75
.2%
$6.38
Individual Donors
1.9%
$60.61
Other Sources
1.8%
$57.42
Religious
Simplest Possible Projection
Funding Source
Current funding
levels for 6.5
million kids
Additional Funding
Needed to Provide
Afterschool for 15.3
million kids
Total for 21.8
million kids
15,820,805,000
37,239,741,000
53,060,546,000
2,280,850,000
5,368,770,000
7,649,620,000
State Grants
642,785,000
1,513,017,000
2,155,802,000
Local Grants
497,640,000
1,171,368,000
1,669,008,000
Businesses
165,880,000
390,456,000
556,336,000
Foundations
518,375,000
1,220,175,000
1,738,550,000
41,470,000
97,614,000
139,084,000
Individual Donors
393,965,000
927,333,000
1,321,298,000
Other Sources
373,230,000
878,526,000
1,251,756,000
20,735,000,000
48,807,000,000
69,542,000,000
Tuition, Fees
Federal Grants
Religious
Total
Need a new route to get to
Afterschool for All
We need a roadmap that establishes concrete objectives for
achieving, in the not too distant future, afterschool for all
students. This roadmap must:
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Account for the economic reality that some parents are
unable to afford fees, while others can.
Recognize the important role of multiple funding sources –
governments at all levels, philanthropic support, businesses,
parent fees.
Account for a broad range of programs from a variety of
sponsors, reflecting rich diversity of American communities.
Focus on approaches that sustain successful quality
programs, while allowing innovative new programs to
develop.
Roadmap to Afterschool For All –
Federal Aid Targeted to Most At-Risk
Roadmap to Afterschool for All
Funding
Source
Funding Need to Reach
Afterschool for All
Percentage
of Total Cost
Tuition and fees
30,898,557,500
44.40%
Federal grant
17,935,775,000
25.80%
State grant
5,054,627,500
7.30%
Local grant
3,913,260,000
5.60%
Business
1,304,420,000
1.90%
Foundation
4,076,312,500
5.90%
326,105,000
0.50%
Individuals
3,097,997,500
4.50%
Other
2,934,945,000
4.20%
Totals
69,542,000,000
100%
Religious
How Roadmap Compares to
Current Funding
Roadmap to Afterschool for All
Funding Source
Tuition and fees
Current
Investment
Roadmap to
Afterschool for
All
15,820,805,000
30,898,557,500
2,280,850,000
17,935,775,000
State Grant
642,785,000
5,054,627,500
Local Grant
497,640,000
3,913,260,000
Business
165,880,000
1,304,420,000
Foundation
518,375,000
4,076,312,500
41,470,000
326,105,000
Individuals
393,965,000
3,097,997,500
Other
373,230,000
2,934,945,000
Totals
20,735,000,000
69,542,000,000
Federal Grant
Religious
Change in Actual
Dollar Amount:
Current to
Roadmap
-0.51
7.86
7.86
7.86
7.86
7.86
7.86
7.86
7.86
3.35
How Current & Roadmap
Funding Levels Compare
Roadmap to Afterschool
For All Funding Levels
Current Funding Levels
2%
Tuition and fees
2%
3%0%2%
1%
4%
3%
6%
Federal grant
State grant
4%
0%
2%
11%
6%
Local grant
45%
Business
7%
Foundation
Religious
Individuals
Other
76%
26%
Takeaway Messages
Clear that parents are carrying most
of the costs – need to increase
investments by other sectors
 Federal targeting appears effective,
but not sufficient
 About one-third (32%) of programs
reported that their expenses
exceeded their revenues, indicating
that more funding is needed
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Takeaway Messages
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In these economic times, federal role is especially
important
 $2.5 billion for 21st CCLC is good place to start. 21st
CCLC funds leverage other funds and benefit from inkind support
 1/4 of CCDBG funding supports school age kids – An
increase of CCDBG by $1 billion will help more
parents afford their share
 Fund STEP UP
 Promote use of stimulus dollars to support afterschool
and summer
All other sectors increase investments proportionate to
federal increase
Closing Thoughts
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Critical Time
An investment in afterschool programs is an
investment in the next generation,
Unless we put the afternoon hours to good use, we
lose a real opportunity
Now more than ever, we need to increase the
investment in quality afterschool programs from all
sectors.
The Roadmap to Afterschool for All is designed to
point the way – but the real test of America’s
commitment to its children will be whether we travel
down the road this report maps out.